Deck 8: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Like mood disorders, eating behavior can be classified as

A)nonserious vs.serious.
B)normal, mild, moderate, less severe, and more severe.
C)an all or none phenomenon.
D)strongly gender and culture related.

Answer 1

normal, mild, moderate, less severe, and more severe.

Question 2

Some people have intense weight concerns and body dissatisfaction that escalate toward a(n)

A)anxiety disorder.
B)depressive disorder.
C)eating disorder.
D)fearful disorder.

Answer 2

eating disorder.

Question 3

Excessive eating may develop into , which is not considered an eating disorder.

A)bulimia
B)addiction
C)obesity
D)anorexia

Answer 3

obesity

Question 4

Achieving and maintaining normal weight is important for

A)achieving adequate self-esteem.
B)very little in terms of health and wellness.
C)reducing risk of diabetes.
D)all of the above are important.

Question 5

Weight concerns and body dissatisfaction are two of the three key components of an eating disorder.The third major component is

A)eating problems.
B)control problems.
C)social problems.
D)fitness problems.

Question 6

People with anorexia nervosa lose weight mainly by and .

A)exercise; purging
B)restricted eating; purging
C)eating more; purging
D)eating less; exercising excessively

Question 7

People who feel they are overweight much of the time, even when they are not, and view their weight negatively, have

A)psychological issues.
B)weight concerns.
C)control issues.
D)poor prognosis.

Question 8

People with refuse to maintain a minimum, normal body weight and have an intense fear of gaining weight.

A)anorexia nirvana
B)anorexia bulimia
C)bulimia nervosa
D)anorexia nervosa

Question 9

In the case study on Lisa in Chapter 8 of your text, Lisa continued to binge and purge until she noticed

A)her teeth had eroded.
B)she was out-of-control eating.
C)there was blood in her vomit.
D)her friends were ignoring her.

Question 10

Weight concerns, body dissatisfaction, and eating problems are issues that may vary in intensity over time, because they occur along a

A)continuum.
B)scale.
C)body index.
D)mass scale.

Question 11

Chantal is 10% below what her physician says would be an ideal body weight for her.She eats very little food, and what she does eat she tends to try to get rid of by taking laxatives.Chantal has

A)anorexia nervosa, purging subtype.
B)anorexia nervosa, restricting subtype.
C)bulimia nervosa, compensatory subtype.
D)bulimia nervosa, noncompensatory subtype.

Question 12

People with anorexia nervosa have extreme misperceptions of

A)the body image of others.
B)their own body image.
C)how many calories are in different foods.
D)how much exercise is required for good health.

Question 13

Serious restriction of food intake that increases over time, combined with being deliberately underweight, having an intense fear of gaining weight, and a distorted perception of one's body, describes

A)anorexia nervosa, restricting subtype.
B)anorexia nervosa, purging subtype.
C)bulimia nervosa, restricting subtype.
D)bulimia nervosa, compensating subtype.

Question 14

Aimee is constantly worried about her appearance.She is sure that her thighs are too fat, although her friends insist sincerely that she looks fantastic.Yet Aimee still avoids wearing shorts and going swimming because she is embarrassed by and worried about her appearance.Aimee is experiencing which main component of an eating disorder?

A)Weight concern
B)Body dissatisfaction
C)Eating problems
D)Obesity

Question 15

Carol is age 20 and underweight.She has not had a menstrual cycle for the past six months.The fact that she has not menstruated indicates she is experiencing

A)dysmenorrhea.
B)compensatory behaviors.
C)amenorrhea.
D)histological disorder.

Question 16

Dissatisfaction or distress with one's appearance, an overinvestment in the way one appears, and avoidance of certain situations or things because they elicit body concerns refers to

A)food disorders.
B)weight concerns.
C)body assessment.
D)body dissatisfaction.

Question 17

Some people have an inability to keep themselves from eating large amounts of food.These people often consume excessive quantities of food and are considered to have a(n)

A)lack of control over eating.
B)diet.
C)restricted eating approach.
D)excessive consumption disorder.

Question 18

A means of losing weight by purging includes

A)self-induced vomiting.
B)misusing laxatives or diuretics.
C)performing enemas.
D)all of the above are means to losing weight by purging.

Question 19

Ridding oneself of food or bodily fluids, as a person with an anorexia nervosa subtype routinely does, is known as

A)voiding.
B)calorie emancipation.
C)homeostasis runoff.
D)purging.

Question 20

The disorder marked by binge eating, inappropriate methods to prevent weight gain, and self-evaluation greatly influenced by body shape and weight is

A)overeating disorder.
B)obesity.
C)bulimia nervosa.
D)binge nervosa.

Question 21

Some people have recurrent episodes of binge eating without compensatory behaviors such as purging, exercise, or fasting.These people have

A)bulimia nervosa.
B)anorexia nervosa.
C)binge nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 22

Eating disorders are

A)less common as anxiety and depressive disorders.
B)more common than anxiety and depressive disorders.
C)equally common as anxiety and depressive disorders.
D)more common than depressive disorders, but less common than anxiety disorders.

Question 23

When theorists focus on media models of thinness for women, stress from abuse and sexual harassment, poor recognition of achievements, and excessive attention to beauty and body shape, they are thinking about

A)objectification.
B)personification.
C)maladaptivacation.
D)capitalization.

Question 24

Features of include eating more rapidly than normal, eating despite feeling uncomfortably full, eating large amounts even when not hungry, eating alone because of embarrassment over quantity of food consumed, and feeling disgusted, depressed, or guilty after over eating.

A)bulimia
B)nervosa
C)anorexia
D)binge-eating episodes

Question 25

Lifetime prevalence rates of eating disorders among women range from to %.

A)5; 37
B)3.7; 5
C)0.9; 3.5
D)0.3; 2

Question 26

About % of undergraduate women have concerns about anorexia or bulimia and % report moderate problems regarding weight control, worries about body image, and lack of control over eating.

A)6; 25-40
B)10; 20-40
C)6; 20-40
D)10; 6

Question 27

Up to 50% of those with anorexia nervosa develop symptoms.

A)anxiety disorder
B)depressive disorder
C)bulimia nervosa
D)schizophrenia

Question 28

To be diagnosed with binge-eating disorder, a person must undergo binge eating, on average, or more days a week for at least .

A)two; one month
B)one; three months
C)six; one month
D)six; six months

Question 29

Racial or ethnic differences in the occurrence of eating disorders in America

A)have not yet been documented.
B)affect large females only.
C)interact with counseling opportunities.
D)appear to be minimal.

Question 30

Joelle has moments of binge eating that are beyond most people's imagination--entire bags of cookies, whole loaves of bread, and two or three frozen pizzas all in one sitting.After these sessions, she feels horrible, and has a compulsion to make up for the overconsumption somehow.She can't quite bring herself to induce vomiting, so she fasts for two or more days to make up for her binge.Joelle has

A)bulimia nervosa with purging compensatory behaviors.
B)bulimia nervosa with nonpurging compensatory behaviors.
C)anorexia nervosa, restricting subtype.
D)anorexia nervosa, purging subtype.

Question 31

Purging and nonpurging are subtypes of

A)compensatory behaviors.
B)anorexia behaviors.
C)bulimic behaviors.
D)binge disorder.

Question 32

Bulimia nervosa is most notably marked by

A)binge eating then fasting.
B)binge eating and vomiting.
C)partial binge eating and laxative use.
D)involuntary vomiting due to over eating.

Question 33

Eating an amount of food in a limited time period that is much larger than most people would eat in that circumstance refers to

A)anorexia nervosa.
B)bulimia nervosa.
C)binge eating.
D)compensatory behaviors.

Question 34

Only about % of those with an eating disorder seek mental health care.

A)23
B)51
C)6
D)16

Question 35

Although eating disorders occur less frequently than anxiety or mood disorders, they should be a major concern because

A)they have the highest death rate of any major mental disorder.
B)the relapse is quite significant.
C)they affect males and females equally.
D)those with the disorders almost always seek treatment.

Question 36

The two subtypes of bulimia nervosa are

A)over compensatory subtype and non-transitory subtype.
B)purging subtype and nonpurging subtype.
C)conscious and unconscious subtypes.
D)stress-related and biological subtypes.

Question 37

Eating disorders are much more common among than .

A)males; females
B)heterosexuals; homosexuals
C)females; males
D)homosexuals; heterosexuals

Question 38

One study of 135 males with eating disorders showed a prevalence of

A)comorbidity with other disorders.
B)substance abuse and denial.
C)biological predisposition.
D)overwhelming stress factors.

Question 39

Eating disorders appear to be on the rise among male

A)wrestlers.
B)basketball players.
C)gymnasts.
D)all of these have seen a rise in eating disorders.

Question 40

Rates of core eating disorder symptoms in females aged 11-26 years are

A)higher for European-American females than African-American females.
B)higher for African-American females than European-American females.
C)lowest for Asian-American females.
D)similar for European-American, African-American, Asian-American, and Latina females.

Question 41

When you feel full from eating, serotonin is responsible for this

A)satiety.
B)saturation.
C)stomach stress.
D)fullness saturation.

Question 42

Personality and substance use disorders are common in people with bulimia nervosa and

A)anorexia nervosa.
B)nervosa binges.
C)binge-eating disorder.
D)purging disorder.

Question 43

Drive for thinness may link to genes located on chromosomes

A)1,5,7.
B)1,2,13.
C)6,9,12.
D)21,31,41.

Question 44

Factors that respondents to a survey believe are more relevant to anorexia nervosa than to other diagnostic groups include

A)lack of social support.
B)lack of self-discipline.
C)poor parenting.
D)all of these are factors relevant to anorexia nervosa.

Question 45

Eating disorder researchers who look for brain changes as biological risk factors tend to focus primarily on the

A)thalamus.
B)hypothalamus.
C)hippocampus.
D)amygdala.

Question 46

The stigma associated with eating disorders seems to be mainly from the widespread belief that persons with an eating disorder

A)are largely responsible for their own problems.
B)have perverse beliefs and cannot connect with others.
C)will ultimately self-destruct.
D)only care about themselves.

Question 47

Jon has a binge-eating disorder.A study of his brain indicates that the connections between his lateral hypothalamus and are abnormal, possibly leading him to respond more to learned cues rather than feelings of fullness with regard to his eating behavior.

A)nucleus accumbens
B)amygdala
C)thalamus
D)hippocampus

Question 48

The neurotransmitter most strongly connected to eating disorders with its effect on mood, obsessive thinking, impulsivity, eating behavior, and satiety is

A)melatonin.
B)dopamine.
C)norepinephrine.
D)serotonin.

Question 49

The heritability estimates of eating disorders are thought to be

A)large.
B)moderate.
C)small.
D)too inconsistent to have meaning.

Question 50

A common comorbidity link has been discovered between

A)anorexia nervosa subtypes.
B)anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
C)bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder.
D)lena nervosa subtypes.

Question 51

Eating disorders have been described as , or problems that appear only in certain cultures and Western, industrialized nations.

A)selective
B)cultural syndromes
C)cross-cultural syndromes
D)cultural selective

Question 52

Studies to find genetic markers for eating disorders in general have produced

A)consistent results.
B)inconsistent results.
C)locating a drive for thinness on chromosome 5.
D)locating an obesity gene on chromosome 12.

Question 53

People with bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder may have low levels of

A)norepinephrine.
B)gabapentin.
C)serotonin.
D)endorphin.

Question 54

Some symptoms of eating disorders may be due to

A)semi-starvation and binging.
B)starvation and nourishment.
C)semi-starvation and malnutrition.
D)semi-starvation and nutrition.

Question 55

Which of the following statements about cultural syndromes and eating disorders is correct?

A)All eating disorders are cultural syndromes, linked to the media's "thin ideal."
B)Anorexia nervosa probably is a cultural syndrome, but bulimia nervosa is probably not.
C)Bulimia nervosa probably is a cultural syndrome, but anorexia nervosa probably is not.
D)Neither anorexia nervosa nor bulimia nervosa are cultural syndromes.

Question 56

The neurotransmitter most closely linked to eating disorders is

A)norepinephrine.
B)gabapentin.
C)serotonin.
D)endorphin.

Question 57

Genetic influence is probably strongest for

A)anorexia nervosa, restricting subtype.
B)anorexia nervosa, purging subtype.
C)bulimia nervosa.
D)binge-eating disorder.

Question 58

Reduced may be associated with overeating and carbohydrate craving.

A)epinephrine
B)norepinephrine
C)serotonin
D)GABA

Question 59

One explanation for the comorbidity of bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder with substance abuse disorders is that they all

A)have common environmental risk factors.
B)share impulse control problems.
C)share many biological detriments.
D)focus on individual overindulgence.

Question 60

Eating disorders are comorbid with problems such as

A)depression and body dysmorphic disorder.
B)diabetes.
C)somatic symptom disorders.
D)all of these are comorbid with eating disorders.

Question 61

Child maltreatment, family conflict, and media-based pressures to be thin are all

A)biological vulnerabilities.
B)psychocultural vulnerabilities.
C)environmental stressors.
D)psychological vulnerabilities.

Question 62

Genetics, brain, or neurochemical features that lead some people to have trouble regulating mood or behavior, and to react strongly when upset or stressed, would be biological

A)stressors.
B)distressers.
C)diatheses.
D)perfectionism.

Question 63

A personality feature cited as a risk factor for bulimia nervosa is

A)nervousness.
B)impulsivity.
C)distractibility.
D)eagerness.

Question 64

An 8-week program regarding eating disorder prevention that is administered via the Internet is known as

A)"Eat Normally."
B)"STOP."
C)"We Care."
D)"Student Bodies."

Question 65

Hostility, conflict, and overinvolvement occur in families of those with eating disorders.This concept is called

A)depressed emotions.
B)expressed emotions.
C)compressed emotions.
D)counterintuitive emotions.

Question 66

The two main personality risk factors associated with eating disorders are

A)self-loathing and introversion.
B)perfectionism and impulsivity.
C)arrested development and social phobia.
D)neuroticism and paraphilia.

Question 67

Which of the following is an example of a psychological diathesis for an eating disorder?

A)Low serotonin
B)Genetic history of an eating disorder
C)Low self-esteem
D)All of these are psychological diatheses

Question 68

Sandy has anorexia nervosa and reports having very little motivation to seek food.Disruption in her system may make food less rewarding for Sandy, resulting in her low motivation for eating.

A)serotonin
B)dopamine
C)acetylcholine
D)GABA

Question 69

L'Chelle has bulimia nervosa.Her physician believes that she may have , which contributes to her cravings for food.

A)high levels of serotonin
B)low levels of dopamine
C)high levels of endogenous opioid
D)low levels of endogenous opioid

Question 70

European-American women report higher levels of body dissatisfaction than

A)Latina women.
B)Asian-American women.
C)African-American women.
D)Asian-African women.

Question 71

Eating disorder prevention programs focus on

A)stress reduction, personal fitness, and wellness consciousness.
B)education, pressure resistance, behaviors, and body image.
C)cognitive restructuring, family support, and willpower.
D)adversity identification and personal warning signs.

Question 72

Eating disorders, like mental disorders in general, can be effectively understood with the model.

A)diathesis-stress
B)psychological
C)experimental
D)confound reducing

Question 73

Major cognitive risk factors for eating disorder include

A)body dissatisfaction and body image disturbance.
B)body satisfaction and body disturbance.
C)body dissatisfaction and body image arousal.
D)thought process and body image.

Question 74

Often cited as a risk factor for eating disorders, especially among people with an obsessive drive for thinness, is

A)hyperactivity.
B)neuroticism.
C)perfectionism.
D)consternation.

Question 75

Low self-esteem, perfectionism, impulsivity, image dissatisfaction, and a distorted body image are all

A)biological vulnerabilities.
B)psychological vulnerabilities.
C)psychocultural vulnerabilities.
D)stress vulnerabilities.

Question 76

The main source of body dissatisfaction relative to the "thin ideal" comes from

A)media exposure.
B)family members.
C)distorted self-image.
D)an acknowledgment of the thin advantage.

Question 77

A leading factor in eating disorder is substantial given by family members to a person who has lost significant weight and who is thus thought to have demonstrated great self-control.

A)concern
B)punishment
C)reinforcement
D)abuse

Question 78

Bodily chemicals that reduce pain, enhance positive mood, and suppress appetite are

A)endorphins.
B)serotonin.
C)endogenous opioids.
D)epinephrine.

Question 79

An American subculture of women who seem to have some immunity to the problems associated with the "thin ideal" are

A)Asian American.
B)Latina American.
C)European American.
D)African American.

Question 80

The ideal body type shown in the media clashes with the fact that size and weight of the average female has over the years.

A)naturally decreased
B)remained the same
C)increased
D)not changed significantly