Deck 5: Parenting

Question 1

Due to _____, many family functions that were once accomplished in the home now require external support.

A)the high divorce rate
B)the feminist movement
C)higher rates of maternal employment and dual-career families
D)children's increasing intelligence

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Some Latino cultures expect children to be

A)independent.
B)curious.
C)competent.
D)compliant.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Parenting grandchildren poses many challenges.Some experts believe that a crucial task for the healthy development of children is

A)proceeding with legal adoption.
B)working to create or maintain a relationship between birth parents and children.
C)relocating.
D)including younger role models for children.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Parenting is known to be less challenging when

A)there are fewer children in the family.
B)there are more children in the family.
C)all children in the family are female.
D)parents and children have a good match of expectations and behaviors.

Question 5

Research has found that those who become parents through various reproductive technologies

A)are more likely to be stressed, and thus less nurturant parents.
B)have children who are not any more at risk for developmental problems than other children.
C)have children who are at higher risk for developmental problems.
D)have problematic relationships with their children.

Question 6

A surprising finding from research with blended families is that

A)children from single-parent families are more sociable than those in blended families.
B)children from single-parent families had fewer behavior problems than those in blended families.
C)children from single-parent families did better academically than those in blended families.
D)all of the above

Question 7

Dunifon found that children of single parents who had _____, had higher reading scores.

A)grandparents living in their homes
B)contact with a parent figure of the opposite sex
C)older siblings
D)higher intelligence

Question 8

______ is a strong factor for teen mothers' successful parenting.

A)Education
B)Income
C)Social support
D)Involvement of the father

Question 9

Which statement is most accurate based on research about parenting style and skills?

A)Parents typically try to parent in ways that are different from their own parents.
B)Parents typically parent the way that they were parented.
C)Mothers, but not fathers, parent the way that they were parented.
D)Fathers, but not mothers, parent the way that they were parented.

Question 10

Positive parental self-esteem is _____ to greater effectiveness in childrearing.

A)negatively related
B)not related
C)positively related
D)typically varied in its relationship

Question 11

Researchers have found that adolescent mothers' parenting skills typically

A)are completely lacking.
B)are similar to older mothers' skills.
C)are shown to express warmth, but are less verbally responsive and less emotionally available than older mothers.
D)are equally emotionally available as older mothers, but less verbally responsive to their children.

Question 12

The popularity of adoption has decreased in large part due to

A)greater societal acceptance for single women keeping and rearing their children.
B)a desire for smaller families.
C)concern about genetic disorders.
D)none of the above

Question 13

The cost for a married couple of raising a child to age 18 is documented to be from approximately _____ for lower income families to _____ for higher income families:

A)$100,000; $300,000
B)$160,000; $367,000
C)$121,000; $242,000
D)$130,000; $250,000

Question 14

According to Melmed, early childhood teachers can help meet parents' needs by

A)providing information about understanding their children's feelings or needs, especially in difficult situations.
B)keeping an emotional distance.
C)referring them to mental health professionals.
D)all of the above

Question 15

Research on different types of fathering has shown that fathers with higher levels of education, more prestigious employment, and who are less neurotic were likely to be

A)caretakers or playmates-teachers.
B)caretakers or disciplinarians.
C)playmates-teachers or disciplinarians.
D)disciplinarians or disengaged.

Question 16

Women see parenthood as _____ and _____ compared to men.

A)more fulfilling; less of a burden
B)less fulfilling; more of a burden
C)less fulfilling; less of a burden
D)more fulfilling; more of a burden

Question 17

The type of parenting style with associated child behaviors that include low social competence, high anxiety, no initiative, and poor communication skills is

A)authoritarian.
B)uninvolved.
C)indulgent.
D)authoritative.

Question 18

The type of foster care that involves a family who is related to the child (grandparents, aunts, uncles) is referred to as

A)specialized care.
B)treatment.
C)long-term.
D)kinship.

Question 19

Family life cycle theorists point out that adopted families

A)engage in completely different tasks than do birth families.
B)engage in precisely the same tasks as do birth families.
C)engage in the same tasks as birth families with some additions that are unique to their status.
D)take paths that are presently unknown to researchers.

Question 20

The style of parenting that is high on both warmth and control is

A)authoritarian.
B)uninvolved.
C)indulgent.
D)authoritative.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is not an accurate belief about parenting?

A)Parenthood is always voluntary.
B)Parenthood is irrevocable.
C)Parents receive very little preparation or guidance.
D)Women receive more pressure to become parents than men do.

Question 22

The parenting style that is low on both warmth and control is

A)authoritative.
B)authoritarian.
C)uninvolved.
D)indulgent.

Question 23

A method of contraception that is 100% reliable is

A)rhythm.
B)birth control bills.
C)barrier methods such as condoms.
D)yet to be discovered.

Question 24

Children in grandparent-headed homes are more likely to

A)have had prenatal drug exposure leading to developmental delays or issues.
B)have nutritional deficiencies.
C)behave respectfully.
D)have a home language other than English.

Question 25

CHIP is

A)low cost health insurance for children and adolescents.
B)health insurance funded by the federal government for children and adolescents.
C)family health insurance funded by the federal government.
D)child health coverage for children with disabilities.

Question 26

Women who are at high-risk for the mothering role are likely to

A)be overly consumed with their careers.
B)have lacked basic needs in their own childhoods.
C)not be capable of finding quality child care.
D)never have been married.

Question 27

The stage of Erikson's theory that explains young children that are learning to trust themselves is

A)trust versus mistrust
B)autonomy versus shame and doubt
C)initiative versus guilt
D)industry versus inferiority

Question 28

Foster parents

A)must maintain relationships with the child, the birth family and the placement agency.
B)take on the role of parents as birth parents give up their rights.
C)focus only on the immediate needs of the child.
D)must be trained in child development.

Question 29

The parenting styles that are low on the characteristic of warmth are

A)uninvolved and authoritarian.
B)uninvolved and authoritative.
C)indulgent and authoritarian.
D)indulgent and authoritative.

Question 30

Use of punishment and reward discipline systems

A)often lead to aggressive or fearful, withdrawn behaviors in children.
B)does not consider children's need for sensitive nurturance.
C)are simplistic and ignore the need for developmentally appropriate parenting practices.
D)all of the above

Question 31

Research shows that teen mothers

A)are more emotionally available to their babies than are older mothers, but are less warm with them.
B)are more verbally responsive to their babies that are older mothers, but sing to them less.
C)show warmth to their babies as do older mothers, but are less emotionally available to them.
D)show warmth to their babies and verbally respond to them just as do older mothers.

Question 32

Reciprocity of effects in parenting is related to

A)the linear impact of parents on their children.
B)the notion that both parents and teachers affect children.
C)the perspective that parents should treat all of their children equally.
D)the idea that children influence parents just as parents influence children.

Question 33

Children who have healthy emotional attachments with parents and other adults

A)typically have more optimal emotional, cognitive, social and physical development.
B)remain dependent on parents for too long, hindering their development.
C)are more likely to have school phobia.
D)are more likely to be withdrawn or aggressive.

Question 34

Parents applying which of the following styles are more likely to have children who share, sympathize with others and cooperate.

A)authoritative
B)authoritarian
C)indulgent
D)uninvolved

Question 35

The maternal task of seeking safe passage relates to

A)situations of domestic violence.
B)donor insemination procedures.
C)mothers caring for their own health and well-being to keep the baby safe through pregnancy.
D)the birth process.

Question 36

_____ provide care to children who cannot remain with their families by bringing these children into their homes.

A)Adoptive parents
B)Foster parents
C)Temporary parents
D)Emergency parents

Question 37

Types of fathers who are more highly educated and less neurotic are

A)disciplinarians and disengaged.
B)caretakers and disciplinarians.
C)caretakers and playmates-teachers.
D)playmates-teachers and disciplinarians.

Question 38

Traditional mother and father roles

A)are nearly nonexistent.
B)continue to be common.
C)are documented as producing the most optimal outcomes for children's development.
D)are predicted to be nonexistent in the next two decades.

Question 39

Fathers who have positive work experiences rather than high stress jobs

A)have more supportive interactions with their children.
B)keep a greater distance with their children.
C)are likely to serve as primary caregivers of their children.
D)oppose grandparent care of their children.

Question 40

The rate of teenage pregnancy and childbearing in the U.S.is _____ among most Western countries.

A)lowest
B)highest
C)mid-range
D)unknown

Question 41

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
laboratory procedure for fertilizing egg and sperm and then placing resulting embryo in mother's uterus

Question 42

Explain common misconceptions or inaccurate beliefs about adoption, both for the receiving family and the biological family.How do you see this information as important to early educators?

Question 43

Identify, describe, and give at least one example for each of the six responsibilities of parenthood as discussed in this chapter.How do you see this information as important to early educators?

Question 44

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
legal process creating a nonbirth family

Question 45

Rosenberg describes five phases and associated developmental tasks related to adoptive parenting.Identify, describe, and give examples for each of the five phases and developmental tasks.How do you see this information as important to early educators?

Question 46

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
provide care in their homes for children who cannot remain in their own homes

Question 47

Describe microsystem, exosystem, macrosystem and chronosystem effects on parenting young children.How does use of this theory help to understand the complexity of parenting?

Question 48

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
often not eligible for social services or health care resources for the children

Question 49

Identify and explain Baumrind's four parenting styles as well as child outcomes for each style.How might you use this information in your work with families of young children?

Question 50

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
low academic performance, low social competence, low self-esteem, cannot handle independence appropriately

Question 51

Differentiate mothering and fathering roles.Relate the research findings to your lived experience.

Question 52

Select one of the following types of families and describe research-based challenges that they commonly face: foster parents, grandparents as parents, teen parents.How will this information influence your teaching?

Question 53

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
eggs are extracted and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory

Question 54

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
federal program that provides medical care for children from low and moderate income families

Question 55

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
procedure that transfers sperm to the vagina with a syringe

Question 56

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
children often demonstrate problem behaviors, mediocre school performance, disrespectful behavior toward others, high self-esteem, good social skills

Question 57

Match the numbered questions with the corresponding letter answer.
a.in vitro
b.blended families
c.grandparent-led families
d.CHIP
e.donor insemination
f.egg donation
g.indulgent parents
h.uninvolved parents
i.foster families
j.adoption
parents bring children from previous partner(s) to live with that parent and a new partner