Deck 14: Corrections

Question 1

Approximately 1 of every 31 adults in the United Sates is incarcerated or under correctional supervision.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

___________ refers to making it impossible for offenders to commit further offenses.

A) Incapacitation
B) Just deserts
C) Probation
D) Parole
E) all of the other choices

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Probation is most often used with___________.

A) first-time offenders
B) property offenders
C) nonviolent offenders
D) low-risk offenders
E) all of the other choices

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which response to crime is proactive in that it focuses on the future needs of offenders as well as the needs of the community?

A) retribution
B) rehabilitation
C) recidivism
D) restitution
E) incarceration

Question 5

The oldest community-based correctional program is ___________.

A) day reporting
B) house arrest
C) parole
D) probation
E) curfews

Question 6

___________ is a proactive view that sees corrections as a way to prevent future criminal actions.

A) Diversion
B) Deterrence
C) Deferring
D) Retribution
E) Restitution

Question 7

Incarceration is being released from prison before the end of one's official sentence.

Question 8

Just like adults in reentry,the juvenile system uses ___________ for juveniles returning to the public after being detained.

A) furlough
B) aftercare
C) houses of refuge
D) post release care (PRC)

Question 9

The classical view of corrections holds that humans are the product of environment and cultural influences.

Question 10

Restitution is punishment for the sake of punishment.

Question 11

Deterrence sees corrections as a way to prevent future crimes.

Question 12

Parole differs from probation in that a person who is paroled has spent some time serving a prison sentence.

Question 13

Retribution and incapacitation are both proactive responses to crime.

Question 14

The goal of restitution is ___________.

A) to compensate victims
B) punishment
C) rehabilitation
D) deterrence
E) all of the other choices

Question 15

Rehabilitation rests on the positivist theory of Lombroso who saw criminals as victims of society.

Question 16

Lex talionis is based on the notion of "an eye for an eye."

Question 17

Jail differs from prison in that its inmates are there for shorter terms,usually for less serious crimes.

Question 18

A court-ordered disposition alternative through which an adjudicated offender is placed under control,supervision,and care in lieu of imprisonment.___________.

A) day reporting
B) house arrest
C) parole
D) probation
E) all of the other choices

Question 19

Correctional alternatives to incarceration include___________.

A) day reporting
B) house arrest
C) parole
D) probation
E) all of the other choices

Question 20

Using deterrence as an example to society of the consequences of crime is called ___________.

A) recidivism
B) rehabilitation
C) incapacitation
D) specific deterrence
E) general deterrence

Question 21

___________ requires an offender to perform unpaid labor to pay a debt to society.

A) Retribution
B) Day reporting
C) Forfeiture
D) Community service
E) Restitution

Question 22

How many states have laws authorizing capital punishment?

A) 27
B) 35
C) 37
D) 50
E) 42

Question 23

__________ are short temporary leaves from a prison or jail.

Question 24

Nonresidential facilities where offenders must appear daily are called __________.

Question 25

According to the BJS,approximately how many persons will be released from prison back into society each year?

A) 500,000
B) 600,000
C) 700,000
D) 800,000

Question 26

Alternative monitoring of sex offenders can be accomplished via___________.

A) aftercare
B) ISP
C) GPS
D) home incarceration

Question 27

Boot camp is also known as ___________.

A) electronic monitoring
B) house arrest
C) aftercare
D) shock incarceration
E) parole

Question 28

The __________ assumes offenders are self-directed,acting on free will and responsible for their crimes.

Question 29

The __________ assumes offenders are victims of society and their environment who need to be cured.

Question 30

The most frequent type of release from a correctional facility is _________.

Question 31

__________ are tougher than traditional probation but less stringent and less expensive than imprisonment.

Question 32

The primary focus of juvenile corrections has traditionally been,and continues to be,___________.

A) treatment
B) punishment
C) education
D) rehabilitation
E) counseling

Question 33

The primary component of the medical model is __________.

Question 34

___________ emphasize(s)control and surveillance rather than treatment and rehabilitation.

A) House arrest
B) Restitution
C) Half-way houses
D) Forfeiture
E) Intensive supervision programs

Question 35

__________ requires offenders to remain in their homes during specified times and to adhere to a strict curfew.

Question 36

Deterrence aimed at offenders so they will not return to a life of crime is ___________ deterrence.

A) general
B) routine
C) specific
D) incidental
E) random

Question 37

Correctional alternatives for juveniles include___________.

A) probation
B) incarceration
C) intermediate sanctions
D) the death penalty
E) all of the other choices

Question 38

The primary goal of correctional institutions is ___________.

A) protect society
B) punish offenders
C) even the score for victims
D) teach offenders a lesson
E) prove to society that crime doesn't pay

Question 39

__________ is a sanction whereby an offender reimburses the victim.

Question 40

The American Correctional Association recommends that the term __________ replace the term guard

Question 41

Outline and discuss four correctional ideologies and identify the model associated with each.

Question 42

Outline and discuss the concept of community corrections,including its central goals.

Question 43

List and explain the various community-based reintegration programs currently available.

Question 44

Draw a continuum of intermediate sanctions,showing the relative severity of each,and identify the key advantages and disadvantages of each option.

Question 45

Who was John Augustus and what did he contribute to corrections?

Question 46

Identify and discuss the various correctional alternatives being used in the United States.