Deck 43: Animal Behavior

Question 1

Instinctive behavior is

A) an innate response.
B) a fixed action pattern.
C) not altered by experience.
D) triggered by a specific stimulus
E) all of these.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Pheromones

A) are signaling molecules.
B) are released by one individual and influence other individuals of the same species.
C) diffuse through the air.
D) help to regulate honeybee behavior.
E) are all of these.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Imprinting is a

A) response to a stimulus.
B) learned behavior that occurs during a critical time period.
C) fixed action pattern.
D) decline in the level of a response to a nonthreatening stimulus.
E) type of learning that involves solving novel problems.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The above figure of a young cuckoo pushing a resident age out of the nest demonstrates

A) imprinting behavior.
B) displaying instinctive behavior.
C) feeding a social parasite.
D) a learned behavior.
E) all of these.

Question 5

Parasitized caterpillars eat more alkaloid-rich food in order to:

A) poison themselves.
B) poison the parasite.
C) give themselves better nutrition to fight off the parasite.
D) kill themselves so the parasite will die with them.
E) all caterpillars perfer alkaloid-rich food.

Question 6

Newly hatched goslings (baby geese) follow any large moving objects to which they are exposed shortly after hatching.This behavior is an example of

A) homing.
B) imprinting.
C) piloting.
D) migration.
E) classical conditioning.

Question 7

Which of the following is(are) fixed action pattern(s)?

A) A baby garter snake captures and eats a slug.
B) A chick's gaping mouth induces a feeding response in a parent bird.
C) A European cuckoo hatchling pushes the host bird's egg out of the nest.
D) A male fruit fly waves his wings at a female fruit fly during courtship.
E) All of these are fixed action patterns.

Question 8

Learned behavior is recognizable by the ____ the animal makes in its responses.

A) fixed action patterns
B) modifications
C) stereotyping
D) repetitions
E) false starts

Question 9

The above figure is of a wolf behavior which tells others

A) to prepare for a fight.
B) that the wolf is subordinate and won't be a threat.
C) that it wants to mate.
D) that it wants to play.
E) none of these.

Question 10

According to the above table, the foraging characteristic that would benefit an animal most in a stable ecology would be?

A) A baby garter snake captures and eats a slug.
B) A sitter because it would have more trouble adapting to a changing environment.
C) A forager because it has the ability to adapt quickly.
D) Both the sitter and the forager are equally adept in a stable ecosystem.
E) All of these would benefit an animal the most.

Question 11

The hormone oxytocin affects ____ in many mammals.

A) labor and delivery
B) lactation
C) pair bonding
D) maternal behavior
E) all of these

Question 12

Bird song

A) has to be heard before a bird can sing it.
B) is learned during early life.
C) is specific for each bird species.
D) has a genetic component.
E) includes all of these.

Question 13

Africanized bees ____ than European honeybees.

A) make less honey
B) respond more quickly to perceived threats
C) are more aggressive stingers
D) are more likely to abandon their colony after being disturbed
E) do all of these

Question 14

Which of the following implies movement with regard for direction?

A) taxis.
B) kinesis.
C) migration.
D) taxis and migration.
E) taxis, migration, and kinesis.

Question 15

Epigenetic effects are the result of:

A) a change in the RNA sequence.
B) DNA methylation.
C) RNA methylation.
D) a change in the DNA sequence.
E) all of these option.

Question 16

The cells surrounding milk-producing cells in the female mammary gland contract shortly after the female hears the cry of an infant.This is an example of

A) a response that is not a behavior.
B) instinctive behavior.
C) imprinting behavior.
D) learned behavior.
E) a time-dependent form of learning.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a tool used by animals to migrate?

A) Star position.
B) The Earth's magnetic field.
C) Olfactory landmarks.
D) Sun position.
E) All of these are used.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about bird song is false?

A) It is an instinctive behavior.
B) The bird nervous system is prewired to recognize the species song.
C) A sparrow that is not tutored early in his life can learn the correct song as an adult.
D) Rendition of the species song is influenced by acoustic input during a sensitive period.
E) All of these are true.

Question 19

Which of the following communication signals is mismatched?

A) tactile; honeybees
B) acoustical; frogs
C) visual; baboons
D) chemical; termites and honeybees
E) chemical; fireflies

Question 20

The above figure of goslings (baby geese) following their mother demonstrates

A) imprinting behavior.
B) displaying instinctive behavior.
C) feeding a social parasite.
D) a learned behavior.
E) all of these.

Question 21

Altruism in animals

A) lowers their chances of perpetuating their own genes.
B) has no genetic basis.
C) is a conscious effort to preserve the species.
D) is just lucky behavior.
E) includes none of these.

Question 22

Social behavior depends on

A) genetic similarity.
B) bonding early in youth.
C) communication.
D) diversity.
E) polymorphism.

Question 23

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
lek

Question 24

Females of various species shop around for males that

A) have the best burrows.
B) offer superior nuptial gifts.
C) make showy displays.
D) include any or all of these.
E) include none of these.

Question 25

Bees use which information for locating food and the hive?

A) local topographic features
B) odors
C) magnetism
D) the angle of the sun
E) distance between plants

Question 26

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
imprinting

Question 27

Most birds are ____; most mammals are ____.

A) socially monogamous; not socially monogamous
B) socially monogamous; socially monogamous
C) not socially monogamous; not socially monogamous
D) not socially monogamous; socially monogamous
E) not socially monogamous; promiscuous

Question 28

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
altruism

Question 29

Use the figure above illustrating honeybee dances to answer the following questions.
A dance that recruits other bees into foraging directly toward the sun is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) E.

Question 30

Researchers attempt to explain the persistence of altruism by the theory of

A) self-sacrificing behavior.
B) dominance hierarchy.
C) social behavior.
D) inclusive fitness.
E) sexual selection.

Question 31

In highly integrated insect societies,

A) natural selection favors individual behaviors that lead to greater diversity among members of the society.
B) there is scarcely any division of labor.
C) cooperative behavior predominates.
D) patterns of behavior are flexible, and learned behavior predominates.
E) all of these are true.

Question 32

In the selfish herd, there is an advantage to

A) being on the outside.
B) being near the front.
C) being in the middle.
D) being isolated.
E) none of these; position is of no advantage.

Question 33

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
instinctive behavior

Question 34

Altruistic behavior is

A) selfish.
B) sexually directed behavior.
C) self-sacrificing behavior.
D) aggressive behavior.
E) nonreactive, such as freezing at the sign of danger.

Question 35

If an individual for whatever reason cannot pass on its genes to offspring, the best alternative is to show altruism to

A) relatives.
B) strangers.
C) neighbors.
D) other species.
E) competitors.

Question 36

Caring for young by both parents is most common in

A) birds.
B) amphibians.
C) mammals.
D) reptiles.
E) amphibians and reptiles.

Question 37

Use the figure above illustrating honeybee dances to answer the following questions.
A dance that recruits other bees into foraging 90 degrees to the right of the sun is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) E.

Question 38

All EXCEPT which of the following are disadvantages to sociality?

A) predator avoidance
B) cannibalism
C) competition for food
D) contagious diseases
E) parasite infestation

Question 39

The presence of the strongest competitors in the center of a group of animals may qualify the group for status as a(n)

A) altruistic society.
B) selfish herd.
C) kin group.
D) dominance hierarchy.
E) sexual selection society.

Question 40

Use the figure above illustrating honeybee dances to answer the following questions.
A dance that recruits other bees into foraging more than 100 meters distant from the hive is indicated by

A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.
E) All of these except A.

Question 41

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of behavior listed below.
a.imprinting
b.sexual selection
c.learned behavior
d.defense behavior
e.altruism
The adult male who jumps overboard to save a drowning niece is exhibiting __________.

Question 42

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of behavior listed below.
a.imprinting
b.sexual selection
c.learned behavior
d.defense behavior
e.altruism
A prairie dog makes a particular bark when it sights an eagle.This is an example of __________.

Question 43

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of reception listed below that are used by social animals.
a.tactile
b.auditory
c.visual
d.chemical
The alarm signal one snail sends to another is most likely to be this.

Question 44

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of reception listed below that are used by social animals.
a.tactile
b.auditory
c.visual
d.chemical
The elaborate posturing displays of male birds-of-paradise utilize this sense in the female.

Question 45

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
learning

Question 46

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of reception listed below that are used by social animals.
a.tactile
b.auditory
c.visual
d.chemical
The primary signal sent out by receptive female primates is likely to be this.

Question 47

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of reception listed below that are used by social animals.
a.tactile
b.auditory
c.visual
d.chemical
This sensory modality is used by honeybees during the waggle dance.

Question 48

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
When a colony of bluegill sunfishes compete for the safe sites at the center of the group, this is an example of __________.

Question 49

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of reception listed below that are used by social animals.
a.tactile
b.auditory
c.visual
d.chemical
The sex pheromone emitted by a female gypsy moth relies upon this sense in the male.

Question 50

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
When the offspring of one brood of Florida scrub-jays help their parents in taking care of their siblings in the next brood, this is an example of __________.

Question 51

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
When a clump of sawfly caterpillars rear up, writhe, and regurgitate toxic fluid after being disturbed, this is an example of __________.

Question 52

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
Lorenz

Question 53

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Behavior refers to coordinated responses that an animal makes to a __________.

Question 54

MATCHING
Matching.Choose the one most appropriate response for each.Some letters may not be used.
a.studied nest decorating behavior in birds
b.imprinting in goslings
c.capacity of an animal to complete complex, stereotyped responses to first-time encounters with key stimuli
d.problem solving without trial-and-error
e.behavior is modified by experience
f.voluntary behavior is modified in response to consequences of that behavior
g.communal display ground
h.occurs during a sensitive period in which a following response or social attachment becomes fixed on a particular moving object
i.self-sacrificing behavior
operant conditioning

Question 55

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of behavior listed below.
a.imprinting
b.sexual selection
c.learned behavior
d.defense behavior
e.altruism
A garter snake learns to avoid dangerous or unpalatable prey.This is an example of __________.

Question 56

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
When a woman raises her brother's children, this is an example of __________.

Question 57

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of behavior listed below.
a.imprinting
b.sexual selection
c.learned behavior
d.defense behavior
e.altruism
The extreme variation in plumage observed among the males of various species of ducks is thought to be due to __________.

Question 58

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the five kinds of behavior listed below.
a.imprinting
b.sexual selection
c.learned behavior
d.defense behavior
e.altruism
If the young of precocial (young that are relatively mature and mobile when hatched) birds (e.g., chickens or ducks) are continually shown a large moving object during the first few days of their lives, they will follow that object.This is an example of __________.

Question 59

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Genes that affect the __________ system often affect behavior.

Question 60

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
When two or more female lions attack a wildebeest together, this is an example of __________.

Question 61

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Ants, termites, and some other insects as well as naked mole-rats are __________ and thus include sterile workers who care for the reproducing members of the group.

Question 62

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Why are Africanized honeybees more dangerous than European honeybees?

Question 63

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
With __________, an animal modifies a voluntary behavior in response to the behavior's consequences.

Question 64

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
With __________, an animal stops responding to an ongoing stimulus.

Question 65

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
__________ allow animals of the same species to share information.

Question 66

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
__________ is one form of learning that happens only during a sensitive period early in life.

Question 67

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
__________ behavior is altered by experience.

Question 68

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
What is the benefit of using the Earth's magnetic field to migrate compared to the sun or stars?

Question 69

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Explain pheromones and theorize why they are not significantly employed by humans?

Question 70

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
A behavior that has a genetic basis is subject to evolution by __________.

Question 71

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Chemical signals such as __________ have roles in social communication.

Question 72

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
__________ behavior can occur without having been learned by experience.

Question 73

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
With __________, an animal learns to associate an involuntary response to one stimulus with another stimulus.

Question 74

Classification.Respond to the following statements in reference to the four kinds of social behavior listed below.
a.altruism
b.cooperation
c.selfish herd behavior
d.subordination
Why are human behaviors so difficult so study?