Deck 23: Fungi

Question 1

The above photomicrograph is of

A) mycelium.
B) protistans.
C) mycorrhizae.
D) stolons.
E) rhizoids.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The above figure represents ____, a group of parasitic fungi that are killing amphibians around the world.

A) Chytrids
B) Ascomycetes
C) Basidiomycetes
D) Glomeromycetes
E) Zygomycetes

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The only group of fungi to have a flagellated stage are the

A) Chytrids.
B) Ascomycetes.
C) Basidiomycetes.
D) Glomeromycetes.
E) Zygomycetes.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The direct result of cytoplasmic fusion in basidiomycetes and ascomycetes is the production of a

A) dikaryotic cell.
B) zygote.
C) gamete.
D) spore.
E) mushroom.

Question 5

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The life cycle of a zygomycete differs markedly from that of animals because in this fungus

A) a sexual stage is absent.
B) mitosis occurs in the haploid growth stage.
C) there is no fusion of nuclei.
D) meiosis occurs to produce the haploid growth stage.
E) a diploid stage is absent.

Question 6

All fungi

A) are saprobes.
B) digest food extracellularly.
C) are parasites.
D) digest food intracellularly.
E) can ingest food particles.

Question 7

The cell walls of fungi are composed mainly of

A) cellulose.
B) lignin.
C) chitin.
D) pectin.
E) protein.

Question 8

Most true fungi send out cellular filaments called

A) mycelia.
B) hyphae.
C) mycorrhizae.
D) stolons.
E) rhizoids.

Question 9

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The structure labeled "B" in the figure is a(n)

A) asexual spore.
B) haploid spore.
C) zygospore.
D) gamete.
E) spore sac.

Question 10

The ____ fungi rely on extracellular digestion and absorption of energy-rich substances from living organisms.

A) chemosynthetic
B) saprobic
C) parasitic
D) plasmodial
E) autotrophic

Question 11

Yeasts are members of which of the following?

A) Ascomycetes
B) Basidiomycetes
C) Glomeromycetes
D) Chytrids
E) Zygomycetes

Question 12

The club fungi are members of which of the following?

A) Ascomycetes
B) Basidiomycetes
C) Glomeromycetes
D) Chytrids
E) Zygomycetes

Question 13

Fungi are genetically most closely related to

A) ferns.
B) flowering plants.
C) algae.
D) animals.
E) none of these.

Question 14

The above figure represents a fungus known as ____.

A) Puccinia.
B) Rhizopus.
C) Agaricus.
D) Pilobolus.
E) Amanita.

Question 15

The above figure is of ____

A) Arthrobotrys.
B) a parasitic fungus.
C) a fungus attacking a nematode.
D) a sac fungus.
E) all of these.

Question 16

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The figure illustrates a portion of the life cycle of a(n)

A) zygomycete.
B) ascomycete.
C) basidiomycete.
D) glomeromycete.
E) lichen.

Question 17

The above figure is of one of the most poisonous mushrooms.Which of the following is true?

A) It is a club fungus.
B) It is called death cap.
C) It is often mistaken for a puffball.
D) It kills by causing liver and kidney failure.
E) All of these are true.

Question 18

Mushrooms are found in which of the following?

A) Ascomycetes
B) Basidiomycetes
C) Glomeromycetes
D) Chytrids
E) Zygomycetes

Question 19

Aspergillus and Penicillium are related because both

A) produce antibiotics.
B) reproduce sexually using ascospores.
C) are club fungi.
D) parasitize human mucous membranes.
E) lack known sexual stages.

Question 20

Which of the following statements describes the value of fungi in the environment?

A) Fungi "fix" nitrogen from the air for use by plants.
B) Fungi trap sunlight energy in the form of carbohydrates.
C) Fungi release elements from organic matter.
D) Fungi enrich the soil by decreasing the rate of decay of organic matter.
E) Fungi remove toxic metals from the soil.

Question 21

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The figure illustrates a portion of the life cycle of a(n)

A) zygomycete.
B) ascomycete.
C) basidiomycete.
D) glomeromycete.
E) lichen.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT associated with a mushroom?

A) gill
B) dikaryotic hyphae
C) nuclear fusion
D) meiosis
E) flagellated spores.

Question 23

The following questions refer to the figure above.
Which factor is the most important algal contribution to the fungal component of a lichen?

A) improved water conservation
B) mechanical protection
C) photosynthetically derived food
D) conversion of nitrogen gas to nitrates
E) pigment for camouflage

Question 24

Mycorrhizae are

A) the small roots in the root systems of trees.
B) endosymbiotic bacteria associated with plant roots.
C) fungus and root mutualistic associations.
D) parasitic fungal infections of tree roots.
E) endosymbiotic fungal cells associated with leaves.

Question 25

MATCHING
Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the four groups of fungi listed below.
a.Zygomycetes
b.Ascomycetes
c.Basidiomycetes
d.Glomeromycetes
Penicillium, the source of antibiotics, is a member of this group.

Question 26

A fungus would be most likely to infect:

A) skin.
B) blood.
C) bone.
D) muscle.
E) connective tissue.

Question 27

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The structure labeled "A" in the figure is a(n)

A) club-shaped reproductive cell.
B) zygote.
C) ascus.
D) gill from the underside of a mushroom.
E) spore sac.

Question 28

The following questions refer to the figure above.
A dikaryotic cell

A) is a spore.
B) results from nuclear fusion.
C) contains nuclei of two different mating types.
D) becomes a zygote.
E) becomes a gamete.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT true of the organism depicted in the figure below?

A) It represents a symbiotic relationship.
B) It contains two different organisms.
C) It is found in association with tree roots.
D) It can live in harsh climates.
E) It can break down the bedrock it colonizes.

Question 30

Which of the following is not true of Claviceps purpurea?

A) It causes ergotism.
B) It produces toxic alkaloids.
C) It parasitizes rye.
D) It may have played a role in the Salem witch trials.
E) All of these are true

Question 31

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The structures labeled "B" in the figure are

A) zygospores.
B) haploid spores.
C) ascospores.
D) gametes.
E) zygotes.

Question 32

MATCHING
Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the four groups of fungi listed below.
a.Zygomycetes
b.Ascomycetes
c.Basidiomycetes
d.Glomeromycetes
The common mushroom bought in the average supermarket is a member of this group.

Question 33

The following questions refer to the figure above.
Endophytic fungi

A) are parasitic fungi that live inside the leaves and stems of most plants.
B) are symbionts that live inside the leaves and stems of most plants.
C) are parasitic fungi that live inside the cells of most animals.
D) are fungi that live inside the cells of other fungi.
E) cause disease in important grasses such as fescue.

Question 34

Chestnut blight is caused by a:

A) Bacteria
B) Fungus
C) Protist
D) Worm
E) Virus

Question 35

The following questions refer to the figure above.
Lichens are symbiotic relationships established between

A) a club fungus and a green alga.
B) a club fungus and a cyanobacterium.
C) sac fungi and green algae.
D) sac fungi and cyanobacteria.
E) sac fungi and green algae or cyanobacteria.

Question 36

The following questions refer to the figure above.
In club fungi, each club-shaped cell initially

A) is a spore.
B) is a zygote.
C) contains a single nucleus.
D) is dikaryotic.
E) undergoes mitosis to produce spores.

Question 37

The following questions refer to the figure above.
The structure that people typically refer to as a "mushroom" is technically called the

A) basidiocarp.
B) mycelium.
C) ascocarp.
D) hyphal mass.
E) zygospore.

Question 38

MATCHING
Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the four groups of fungi listed below.
a.Zygomycetes
b.Ascomycetes
c.Basidiomycetes
d.Glomeromycetes
The yeast used in the fermentation of grape juice to produce the wines of the world is a member of this group.

Question 39

Mycorrhizae

A) benefit plant growth.
B) are an example of mutualism.
C) receives sugars from its plant partner.
D) increase the surface area for absorption.
E) are described by all of these.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a fungal disease?

A) Ergotism
B) Ringworm
C) Athlete's foot
D) Vaginal yeast infection
E) Tuberculosis

Question 41

__________ fungi include common molds.

Question 42

MATCHING
Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the four groups of fungi listed below.
a.Zygomycetes
b.Ascomycetes
c.Basidiomycetes
d.Glomeromycetes
The delicious, highly-prized truffle is a member of this group.

Question 43

What is the danger of Ug99 to global food production?

Question 44

You have discovered a fungus that has septate hyphae and is partnered with a photosynthetic cell.What type of fungus is it?

Question 45

MATCHING
Classification.Answer the following questions in reference to the four groups of fungi listed below.
a.Zygomycetes
b.Ascomycetes
c.Basidiomycetes
d.Glomeromycetes
The common black bread mold is a member of this group.

Question 46

A __________ (fungus-root) is a symbiotic interaction between a fungus and a plant.

Question 47

The filaments typically grow as an extensive mesh called a __________.

Question 48

__________ are an ancient fungal group and the only fungi with flagellated spores and gametes.

Question 49

In multicelled species, spores germinate and give rise to filaments called __________.

Question 50

All fungi are __________ that secrete digestive enzymes on organic matter and absorb released nutrients.

Question 51

Why is it very dangerous to eat wild mushrooms without proper training?

Question 52

What sort of symbiosis would a mycorrhiza represent?