Deck 3: How Is Society Possible: the Basis for Social Order

Question 1

Nationalism is a desire of a people to

A)form a society.
B)form a nation.
C)destroy other societies.
D)destroy other nations.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Marx saw much of culture as

A)unimportant, but one of the only forces for change in society.
B)ideology; a belief system created to defend the wealthy and powerful.
C)the basic cause of inequality in society.
D)the way that people are entertained by the powerful in society.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not related to the importance of symbolic communication for society?

A)communication promotes shared understanding
B)communication promotes egotistical thinking
C)communication provides a basis for cooperation
D)communication permits socialization of new members

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Social interaction

A)is the building block of society.
B)occurs in small groups, but not in larger areas like cities.
C)must occur between everyone in the group for it to be considered interaction.
D)all of these

Question 5

It is probably most correct to state that culture

A)is the start of all social interaction.
B)arises from social interaction.
C)and social interaction are the same thing.
D)works against social interaction.

Question 6

A society is a type of ______.

A)nation
B)social organization.
C)culture
D)political organization

Question 7

Culture is defined by the author as a

A)way of life.
B)set of rules, beliefs, and values.
C)commitment to good art and music.
D)system of inequality in society.

Question 8

Social structure, culture, and social institutions are important ______ studied by sociologists.

A)values
B)organizations
C)symbols
D)patterns

Question 9

Social structure refers to a person's

A)positions/ranks in relation to one another.
B)values.
C)occupation and education level.
D)institutional system.

Question 10

According to the author, nationalism is

A)a claim by people living in a society that they have the right to live in their own nation.
B)no longer an important force, but earlier in this century it was very important.
C)the same thing as colonialism.
D)almost always a force for stability and order in the world.

Question 11

The two qualities essential for any form of organization are ______.

A)government and population
B)conflict and culture
C)social interaction and social patterns
D)communication and regulation

Question 12

A society is

A)a political organization; a nation is an organization of people who share a history, culture, language, and identity.
B)a political organization, but so is a nation.
C)the largest social organization that individuals are socialized into and that is necessary for social patterns.
D)a collection of individuals.

Question 13

Values are a people's

A)commitments; what they consider important.
B)rules; their morals, their traditions, and their laws.
C)set of beliefs about reality.
D)views of one another.

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the three types of social patterns identified by sociologists?

A)culture
B)social structure
C)social institutions
D)symbolic communication

Question 15

How does the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina illustrate the important of social interaction for society?

A)the federal government was slow to react
B)people were isolated and lack of communication hampered efforts to protect and provide for people
C)Americans really didn't care
D)the national media paid too little attention to the plight of the citizens of New Orleans

Question 16

Social structure is made up of

A)statuses
B)positions
C)social locations
D)all of these

Question 17

Social interaction is important and encourages unity in society because it involves

A)symbolic communication.
B)imitation of action.
C)individuality.
D)social conflict.

Question 18

In order to understand how society is made possible through social interaction, it is important to recognize that social interaction creates

A)competition for resources.
B)disagreements among actors concerning how organization should develop.
C)mutual understanding among the actors.
D)a spontaneity among the actors.

Question 19

Social interaction refers to actors

A)influencing one another.
B)imitating one another.
C)adjusting their actions to one another.
D)cooperating without communicating.

Question 20

Which of the following is the best example of a value?

A)elementary school is mandatory for children
B)college education will lead to a good job
C)expanding horizons
D)all of these are values

Question 21

Societies and nations are different.Explain these differences, and indicate some of the problems that arise because of these differences.

Question 22

Socializing institutions are important because

A)every society needs to create willing members who accept the society's ways.
B)humans are born with a set of patterns for doing things and these must be shaped by society.
C)parents frequently do not do their job in raising children.
D)all of the above

Question 23

Name and briefly describe the three parts of culture.

Question 24

The shooting of Arizona congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords

A)leads to more commitment in society.
B)has little effect on most people.
C)makes people reject democracy.
D)leads inevitably to new gun laws.

Question 25

Social structure contributes to maintaining society by

A)dividing people according to their talents.
B)sorting and placing people into needed positions.
C)causing people to respect one another.
D)causing conflict between people.

Question 26

Explain why social interaction and symbolic communication are important for the creation and maintenance of society.

Question 27

Commitment to society shifts as we move from traditional to more modern societies.In general, commitment becomes increasingly

A)strong.
B)conditional.
C)emotional.
D)coercive.

Question 28

Simmel claims that social conflict

A)is always good for society.
B)ends in war.
C)is inevitable.
D)All of these.

Question 29

Revolution is a type of

A)negative conflict.
B)positive conflict.
C)neutral conflict.
D)archaic conflict.

Question 30

Define what is meant by social structure and social positions.What are the implications of one's social position? What kinds of things are attached to one's position?

Question 31

The author agrees with Georg Simmel that, in general, conflict and change

A)are dysfunctional for society; they undermine loyalty.
B)are important for social stability.
C)prevents solutions to societal problems.
D)eventually lead to revolution and a new society.

Question 32

To George Herbert Mead, socialization involves internalizing

A)the ideas of the wealthy and powerful.
B)the generalized other.
C)a significant other.
D)a vision of society as it should be.

Question 33

What did Emile Durkheim believe promoted unity and integration in society?

A)culture.
B)conflict
C)social interaction
D)division of labor

Question 34

Social structure and culture

A)reinforce each other.
B)compete with each other.
C)are basically the same thing.
D)are completely unrelated concepts.

Question 35

Explain how Marx viewed the patterns of culture in society.

Question 36

The author describes social institutions as a type of

A)social structure.
B)social interaction.
C)social pattern.
D)community.

Question 37

Rituals of all kinds

A)make people more religious.
B)help bring people together into a society.
C)leads to revolutionary thinking.
D)None of these.

Question 38

A society needs institutions in order to

A)allow it to adapt to its physical and social environments.
B)promote social integration.
C)enforce rules to ensure social control.
D)all of these

Question 39

The basic purpose of ritual is to

A)develop goals for a society.
B)guide people's actions in a rational useful way.
C)provide support for the powerful in society.
D)bind people together and encourage loyalty to society.

Question 40

According to the author, democratic societies have the advantage of

A)encouraging wealth.
B)encouraging open and nonviolent conflict.
C)being able to avoid conflict.
D)None of these.

Question 41

Why is conflict important for society? What are the benefits of social conflict?

Question 42

Explain "conditional loyalty" in modern society.What is it based on? How does society ensure continued loyalty?

Question 43

What were the conflicts that led to the American Civil War? How did conflict continue after the war?

Question 44

Explain what a social institution is and give several examples, defining what each does.

Question 45

How do social institutions promote and maintain loyalty to society?

Question 46

Explain ritual as social action.What purposes does ritual serve? Give examples.

Question 47

Explain the difference between Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft in society, and what type of society each pertains to.