Deck 12: Introduction to Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbons

Question 1

Which of the following is a condensed structural formula for an alkane with four carbon atoms?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Answer 1

Question 2

Organic chemistry is the study of the chemistry of compounds of

A)polymers.
B)oxygen.
C)hydrogen.
D)carbon.
E)living things.

Answer 2

carbon.

Question 3

How does a molecule of a vitamin synthesized in the laboratory behave when compared to the behavior of the same vitamin isolated from a natural source (e.g., vitamin C synthesized, compared to vitamin C from rose
Hips)?

A)Few effects are the same.
B)identical in every way
C)Some effects are the same.
D)usually identical
E)The natural vitamin is better.

Answer 3

identical in every way

Question 4

In a molecule with a symmetrical arrangement of polar bonds, the overall molecule is

A)nonpolar.
B)reverse polar.
C)somewhat polar.
D)highly polar.
E)strongly reverse polar.

Question 5

Which of these formulas is an expanded structural formula for an alkane with three carbon atoms?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 6

The bond angles of tetravalent carbon are all approximately

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 7

Carbon tetrachloride has a polar C-Cl bond. What is the overall polarity of the carbon tetrachloride molecule?

A)inverse polarity
B)weakly polar
C)strongly polar
D)nonpolar
E)reversed polarity

Question 8

Generally, a solution of an organic compound in water will be electrically

A)highly conductive.
B)highly ionized.
C)insulated.
D)nonconductive.
E)charged.

Question 9

A molecule containing a carbon atom bonded to four chlorine atoms has the shape of a

A)square.
B)rhombus.
C)tetrahedron.
D)cube.
E)triangle.

Question 10

As carbon bonds with atoms of increasingly higher electronegativities, the polarity of the bond

A)decreases.
B)reverses.
C)becomes inverted.
D)increases.
E)stays the same.

Question 11

In a condensed structural formula, each carbon atom is

A)shown with all individual atoms and bonds drawn.
B)not explicitly shown.
C)shown with only the other carbon atoms.
D)written in lowercase letters.
E)grouped with its bonded hydrogen atoms.

Question 12

How many valence electrons does carbon have?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
E)five

Question 13

VSEPR theory predicts that simple carbon compounds will form bonds that are

A)pointed to the corners of a triangle.
B)as far apart as possible.
C)as close together as possible.
D)arranged in a straight line.
E)pointed to the corners of a cube.

Question 14

Which one of the following is NOT an organic substance?

A)nylon
B)silk
C)salt, sodium chloride
D)coal
E)an antibiotic

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT typical of most organic compounds?

A)high melting point
B)covalent bonding
C)poor solubility in water
D)high flammability
E)low boiling point

Question 16

A formula that shows the arrangement of all bonds in a molecule is called a(n)

A)isomeric formula.
B)condensed structural formula.
C)molecular formula.
D)condensed molecular formula.
E)expanded structural formula.

Question 17

A hydrocarbon contains only the elements

A)carbon and oxygen.
B)carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
C)hydrogen and oxygen.
D)carbon and hydrogen.
E)carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.

Question 18

Carbon atoms always have how many covalent bonds?

A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four
E)five

Question 19

In the three-dimensional structure of methane, the hydrogen atoms attached to a carbon atom are aligned

A) at the corners of a rectangle.
B) in a straight line.
C) at the corners of a cube.
D) at the corners of a square.
E) at the corners of a tetrahedron.

Question 20

An organic compound composed of carbon and hydrogen connected only by single bonds is an

A)alkene.
B)alkyne.
C)alcohol.
D)alkane.
E)aromatic compound.

Question 21

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A) ethane
B) propane
C) pentane
D) hexane
E) butane

Question 22

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)cyclopentane
B)hexane
C)cyclohexane
D)cycloheptane
E)cyclooctane

Question 23

What is the IUPAC name for a nine-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 24

A)4-methylhexane
B)3-methylhexane
C)2-methylhexane
D)methylhexane
E)heptane

Question 25

A)methanechlorine.
B)chloromethane.
C)methane chloride.
D)methyl chloride.
E)chloroethane.

Question 26

What is the IUPAC name for a four-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)ethane
B)propane
C)pentane
D)butane
E)methane

Question 27

What is the IUPAC name for a six-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 28

What is the IUPAC name for the following?

A)2-chlorobutane
B)3-chlorobutane
C)chlorobutane
D)2-chloropropane
E)1-chlorobutane

Question 29

What is the IUPAC name for a five-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)ethane
B)propane
C)pentane
D)methane
E)butane

Question 30

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)octane
B)heptane
C)hexane
D)methylbutane
E)pentane

Question 31

Which of the following pairs of compounds are structural isomers?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 32

What is

A)pentane
B)propane
C)ethane
D)butane
E)hexane

Question 33

What is the IUPAC name for

A) propane dichloride
B) 1,3-dichlorobutane
C) 1,1-dichloropropane
D) dichloropropane
E) 1,3 -dichloropropane

Question 34

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)octane
B)heptane
C)butane
D)hexane
E)pentane

Question 35

What is the IUPAC name for a ten-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 36

A)butane
B)1-methylbutane
C)4-methylbutane
D)hexane
E)pentane

Question 37

What is the IUPAC name for a seven-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 38

What is the IUPAC name of the continuous chain alkane with six carbon atoms?

A)hexane
B)octane
C)heptane
D)butane
E)pentane

Question 39

What is the IUPAC name for an eight-carbon continuous-chain alkane?

A)hexane
B)heptane
C)octane
D)nonane
E)decane

Question 40

What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A)cyclohexane
B)cyclopentane
C)pentane
D)cycloheptane
E)cyclooctane

Question 41

In the equation for the combustion of pentane, the coefficient of carbon dioxide is

A)one
B)two.
C)three.
D)four.
E)five.

Question 42

Which of the following is true of nonane, which has a density of 0.79 g/mL , melts at and boils at

A)Nonane is soluble in water.
B)Nonane does not undergo combustion.
C)Nonane is a solid at room temperature.
D)Nonane is a gas at room temperature.
E)Nonane floats on the surface of water.

Question 43

What is the IUPAC name for this alkane?

A)2, 3-diethylbutane
B)2-ethyl-3-methylpentane
C)4-ethyl-3-methylpentane
D)octane
E)3, 4-dimethylhexane

Question 44

What is the name of this compound?

A)1,3-dichlorobutane
B)1,1-dichlorobutane
C)1,4-dichlorobutane
D)1,2,-dichlorobutane
E)dichlorobutane

Question 45

The reaction for the combustion of heptane is How many liters of at STP are produced from the complete combustion of 2.00 moles of heptane?

A) 44.8 L
B) 246 L
C) 22.4 L
D) 314 L
E) 157 L

Question 46

When drawing a structural formula, the first step is to draw

A)the substituents.
B)the main carbon chain.
C)the functional group.
D)the saturated carbons.
E)the most highly substituted carbons.

Question 47

Which of the following compounds could have the molecular formula C₇H₁₆?

A)pentane
B)hexane
C)2-methylheptane
D)3-ethylhexane
E)2,3-dimethylpentane

Question 48

According to the IUPAC convention, alkyl group names should be located ________ of the name of the main chain.

A)at the end
B)in front
C)in the middle

Question 49

What is the IUPAC name for the following?

A)2,3-dichloro-1-methylcyclopentane
B)2,3-dichloro-1-methylpentane
C)1,2-dichloro-3-methylcyclobutane
D)3-methyl-1,2-dichlorocyclopentane
E)1-methyl-2,3-dichlorocyclopentane

Question 50

What is the IUPAC name for this three-carbon alkyl group?

A)iso-propyl
B)ethyl
C)butyl
D)iso-butyl
E)n-propyl

Question 51

What is the name for the following?

A)pentane
B)4-methylpentane
C)2-methylpentane
D)methylpentane
E)hexane

Question 52

What is the IUPAC name of this alkane?

A)2-ethyl-4,4-dimethylpentane
B)4-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane
C)3,5,5-trimethylhexane
D)2-ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane
E)2,2,4-trimethylhexane

Question 53

According to the IUPAC convention for chemical naming, which part of a hydrocarbon is selected as the main chain for a hydrocarbon chain?

A)the chain with the most substituted carbons in it
B)the most highly branched chain
C)the longest chain drawn in a straight line
D)the shortest chain
E)the longest continuous chain, regardless of bends

Question 54

What is the IUPAC name for a three-carbon alkyl group?

A)methyl
B)ethyl
C)propyl
D)butyl
E)pentyl

Question 55

Organic compounds that are poorly soluble in water behave that way because they are

A)covalently bonded.
B)generally nonpolar.
C)moderately polar.
D)highly polar.
E)ionically bonded.

Question 56

What is the IUPAC name for a two-carbon alkyl group?

A)methyl
B)ethyl
C)propyl
D)butyl
E)pentyl

Question 57

What is the name of the alkyl group

A) ethane
B) ethyl
C) propane
D) methyl
E) propyl

Question 58

According to the IUPAC convention, alkyl substituents on a hydrocarbon chain should be listed in which order?

A)in order with the substituent having the lowest number of carbons first
B)alphabetical without considering prefixes
C)in order with the substituent having the highest total number of carbons first
D)alphabetical including prefixes
E)in order with the substituent having the highest number of carbons first

Question 59

What is the IUPAC name for a one-carbon alkyl substituent?

A)methyl
B)ethyl
C)propyl
D)butyl
E)pentyl

Question 60

What is the name for the following?

A)dimethylbutane
B)hexane
C)2-dimethylbutane
D)2,2-dimethylbutane
E)3,3-dimethylbutane

Question 61

A hydrocarbon with at least one double bond is a(n)

A)alcohol.
B)alkyne.
C)saturated compound.
D)alkene.
E)alkane.

Question 62

The IUPAC name for ethylene is

A)ethanene.
B)ethane.
C)cycloethane.
D)ethene.
E)ethyne.

Question 63

The IUPAC name for is

A) pentyne.
B) 3 -pentyne.
C) 1-methylbutyne.
D) 2-pentyne.
E) 2-propene.

Question 64

What type of compound is

A) branched alkane
B) haloalkane
C) isomer
D) alkane
E) cycloalkane

Question 65

What is the condensed structural formula for the compound 3-hexene?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 66

Which of the following is a property of nonane, which has a density of 0.79 g/mL, melts at and boils at

A) Nonane does not undergo combustion.
B) Nonane solutions conduct electricity.
C) Nonane is not soluble in water.
D) Nonane is a gas at room temperature.
E) Nonane sinks in water.

Question 67

Which of the following compounds is an alkyne?

A)
B)
C) 2 -pentene
D)
E)

Question 68

The reaction of butane with oxygen is called

A)substitution.
B)combustion.
C)addition.
D)neutralization.
E)titration.

Question 69

The carbon atoms in saturated hydrocarbons

A)contain a benzene ring.
B)contain both a double and a triple bond.
C)contain at least one triple bond.
D)have only single bonds.
E)contain at least one double bond.

Question 70

An alkene is a hydrocarbon that contains at least one ________ bond.

A)triple
B)aromatic
C)single
D)double
E)hydrogen

Question 71

The compound 1-butyne contains

A)a ring structure.
B)all single bonds.
C)a triple bond.
D)a double bond.
E)a bromine atom.

Question 72

Hydrocarbons are the primary constituents of

A)drugs.
B)food flavors.
C)gasoline.
D)disinfectants.
E)fruit juices.

Question 73

The IUPAC name of is

A) 1-butene.
B) 2-butyne.
C) 2-butene.
D) butene.
E) 2-butane.

Question 74

Which of the compounds is a cycloalkene?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 75

What is the condensed structural formula of the compound propene?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 76

When naming an alkene, the parent chain is the longest carbon chain

A)that contains at least one of the carbon atoms of the double bond.
B)that does not contain the double bond.
C)regardless of whether or not it contains the double bond.
D)that contains the double bond.
E)that contains a branch.

Question 77

The balanced equation for the complete combustion of will give which of these product(s)?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E) 10CO + 12H₂O

Question 78

An unsaturated compound always

A)is a cycloalkane.
B)contains a double bond.
C)contains at least one double or triple bond.
D)contains a triple bond.
E)is aromatic.

Question 79

What is(are) the product(s) of the complete combustion of any hydrocarbon?

A) CO only
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 80

An alkyne is a hydrocarbon that contains at least one________ bond.

A)triple
B)aromatic
C)hydrogen
D)single
E)double