Deck 3: Matter and Energy

Question 1

Which of the following is a chemical change?

A)bending a steel rod
B)making a snowman
C)melting gold
D)burning sugar
E)cutting a rope

Answer 1

burning sugar

Question 2

If the temperature is 20 °C, what is the corresponding temperature on the Fahrenheit scale?

A) 94 °F
B) 43 °F
C) 68 °F
D) -22 °F
E) 239 °F

Answer 2

68 °F

Question 3

On a hot day, the thermometer read 95 °F. What is the temperature in degrees Celsius?

A) 178 °C
B) 113 °C
C) 35 °C
D) 63 °C
E) 77 °C

Answer 3

35 °C

Question 4

Helium is a(n)

A)element.
B)compound.
C)electron.
D)heterogeneous mixture.
E)homogeneous mixture.

Question 5

A patient has a temperature of 38.5 °C. What is the temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?

A) 70.5 °F
B) 11.7 °F
C) 311.0 °F
D) 126.9 °F
E) 101.3 °F

Question 6

In a gas, the distance between the particles is

A)very close relative to the size of the molecules.
B)close relative to the size of the molecules.
C)very large relative to the size of the molecules.
D)small relative to the size of the molecules.
E)fixed relative to the size of the molecules.

Question 7

An ice cream sundae is a(n)

A)compound.
B)heterogeneous mixture.
C)element.
D)homogeneous mixture.

Question 8

Which of the following is a property of a solid?

A)It fills the volume of the container.
B)The particles have fixed positions and are very close together.
C)It takes the shape of the container.
D)The particles move at a rapid rate.
E)The interactions between its particles are very weak.

Question 9

Which of the following is a physical property of both liquids and gases?

A)has large spaces between molecules
B)has strong interactions between its particles
C)has a definite volume
D)has a definite shape
E)has randomly arranged particles

Question 10

Air is a(n)

A)compound.
B)heterogeneous mixture.
C)element.
D)homogeneous mixture.

Question 11

The temperature of liquid nitrogen is -196 °C. What is the corresponding reading on the Kelvin scale?

A)48 K
B)77 K
C)-127 K
D)146 K
E)-91 K

Question 12

The primary substances of which all other things are composed are

A)elements.
B)protons.
C)molecules.
D)electrons.
E)compounds.

Question 13

Which of the following is a physical change?

A)fermenting grapes to produce wine
B)dry ice subliming
C)a tomato ripening
D)baking a cake
E)digesting a meal

Question 14

A temperature of 41 °F is the same as

A) 16 °C.
B) 310 °C.
C) 42 °C.
D) 5 °C.
E) -9 °C.

Question 15

A gold ingot is a(n)

A)compound.
B)heterogeneous mixture.
C)element.
D)homogeneous mixture.

Question 16

If the temperature is -55 °C, what is the corresponding temperature on the Kelvin scale?

A) 225 K
B) 328 K
C) 218 K
D) 55 K
E) 273 K

Question 17

Coins in a piggy bank is a(n)

A)compound.
B)heterogeneous mixture.
C)element.
D)homogeneous mixture.

Question 18

Which of the following would NOT be a physical change?

A)melting gold to make jewelry
B)burning gasoline in a lawnmower
C)freezing water to make ice cubes
D)tearing a piece of aluminum foil
E)boiling water for soup

Question 19

Which one of the following properties describes a liquid?

A)has a definite shape
B)particles move very rapidly
C)fills the entire volume of the container
D)particles are close together and move randomly
E)There is essentially no interaction between the particles.

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a physical change?

A)digesting a cheeseburger
B)converting water to hydrogen and oxygen
C)baking a cake
D)grinding coffee beans
E)burning coal

Question 21

A slice of pizza contains 29 g of carbohydrate, 13 g of protein and an unknown amount of fat. If the pizza contains 280 kcal, how many grams of fat are present? (The caloric values for foods are 4.0 kcal/g for
Carbohydrate, 4.0 kcal/g for protein, and 9.0 kcal/g for fat.)Round off the answer for each food type to the tens
Place.

A)12 g
B)250 g
C)55 g
D)10. g
E)25 g

Question 22

Absolute zero is

A)the boiling point of liquid nitrogen.
B)the freezing point of water using the Celsius scale.
C)the coldest temperature possible.
D)the temperature on the Kelvin scale corresponding to 32 °F.
E)the freezing point of liquid nitrogen.

Question 23

In which of the following would the particles move most rapidly?

A) ice at -20 °C
B) boiling water
C) ice at 0 °C
D) steam at 110 °C
E) water at 20 °C

Question 24

A taco from a fast food restaurant contains 7.0 g of fat, 25. g of carbohydrate, and 11 g of protein. How many kJ of energy does the cheeseburger contain? (The caloric values for foods are 38 kJ/g for fat, 17 kJ/g for
Carbohydrate, and 17 kJ/g for protein.)Round off the answer for each food type to the tens place.

A)210 kJ
B)890 kJ
C)43 kJ
D)70 kJ
E)1100 kJ

Question 25

The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is called

A)heat.
B)potential energy.
C)temperature.
D)chemical energy.
E)electrical energy.

Question 26

Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

A)a fan blade turning
B)riding an exercise bike
C)chewing food
D)water stored in a reservoir
E)burning wood

Question 27

One cup of kidney beans contains 15 g of protein, 1.0 g of fat, and 42 g of carbohydrate. How many kilocalories does this contain? (The caloric values for foods are 4.0 kcal/g for protein, 9.0 kcal/g for fat, and 4.0 kcal/g for
Carbohydrate.)Round off the answer for each food type to the tens place.

A)250 kcal
B)520 kcal
C)60 kcal
D)230 kcal
E)88 kcal

Question 28

The energy stored in the chemical bonds of a carbohydrate molecule is

A)specific heat.
B)kinetic energy.
C)potential energy.
D)a calorie.
E)work.

Question 29

An example of kinetic energy is

A)natural gas.
B)a tree.
C)running water.
D)chemical energy.
E)a coiled spring.

Question 30

A diet has a total caloric intake of 1400 kcal. If the protein in the diet provides 35% of the kcal, the number of kcal of protein in the diet is

A)460 kcal.
B)210 kcal.
C)490 kcal.
D)1200 kcal.
E)700 kcal.

Question 31

A serving of fish contains 50.g of protein and 4.0 g of fat. If protein has a caloric value of 4.0 kcal/g and fat has 9.0 kcal/g, how many kcal are in the serving? Round off the answer for each food type to the tens place.

A)470 kcal
B)220 kcal
C)490 kcal
D)240 kcal
E)54.0 kcal

Question 32

A potato contains 20 g of carbohydrate. If carbohydrate has a caloric value of 4 kcal/g, how many kcal are obtained from the carbohydrate in the potato?

A)60 kcal
B)20 kcal
C)40 kcal
D)80 kcal
E)5 kcal

Question 33

The phrase "ability to do work" is a definition of

A)calorie.
B)energy.
C)specific heat.
D)cooling.
E)heating.

Question 34

650. J is the same amount of energy as

A)2720 cal.
B)1550 cal.
C)650 cal.
D)2.72 cal.
E)155 cal.

Question 35

The dietary calorie (Cal)is equal to

A)10 calories.
B)100 calories.
C)1000 calories.
D)1 calorie.
E)1000 kilocalories.

Question 36

3.25 kcal is the same amount of energy as

A)13600 J.
B)13.6 J.
C)0.777 J.
D)3.25 J.
E)777 J.

Question 37

A cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant contains 19 g of fat, 20. g of carbohydrate, and 28 g of protein. How many kcal of energy does the cheeseburger contain? (The caloric values for foods are 9.0 kcal/g for fat, 4.0 kcal/g
For carbohydrate, and 4.0 kcal/g for protein.)Round off the answer for each food type to the tens place.

A)17 kcal
B)280 kcal
C)630 kcal
D)70. kcal
E)360 kcal

Question 38

The energy of motion is referred to as

A)specific heat.
B)potential energy.
C)work.
D)freezing.
E)kinetic energy.

Question 39

On the Celsius scale, 0 °C is

A) the boiling point of water
B) the temperature on the Kelvin scale corresponding to 32 °F.
C) the coldest temperature possible.
D) the same as 0 K.
E) the freezing point of water.

Question 40

A 2.5 g sample of french fries is placed in a calorimeter with 500.0 g of water at an initial temperature of 21 °C. After combustion of the french fries, the water has a temperature of 48 °C. What is the caloric value (kcal/g) of the french fries?

A) 11 kcal/g
B) 5.4 kcal/g
C) 0.14 kcal/g
D) 4.2 kcal/g
E) 14 kcal/g

Question 41

The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat needed to

A) change 1 g of the substance from the liquid to the solid state.
B) change 1 g of the substance from the solid to the liquid state.
C) convert 1 g of a liquid to gas.
D) raise the temperature of 1 g of the substance by 1 °C.
E) convert 1 g of a solid to a gas.

Question 42

A kilocalorie of heat is required to raise the temperature of

A) 1 g of water from 14 °C to 15 °C.
B) 10 g of water by 10 °C.
C) 100 g of water by 100 °C.
D) 100 g of water by 10 °C.
E) 1 g of water by 10 °C.

Question 43

The simplest type of pure substance is a(n)________.

Question 44

A reaction of a substance with water is an example of a(n)________ property.

Question 45

How many joules are required to raise the temperature of a 6.50 g sample of silver from 34 °C to 189 °C? The specific heat of gold is 0.235 J/g °C.

A) 127 J
B) 51.9 J
C) 289 J
D) 237 J
E) 255 J

Question 46

How many calories are required to raise the temperature of a 150. g sample of gold from 25 °C to 175 °C? The specific heat of gold is 0.0308 cal/g °C.

A) 693 cal
B) 22500 cal
C) 4.62 cal
D) 130 cal
E) 116 cal

Question 47

Raising the temperature of 10.0 g of water from 10.0 °C to 20.0 °C requires 100.0 cal of energy, while raising the temperature of 10.0 g of aluminum from 10.0 °C to 20.0 °C requires 22 cal. More calories are required to heat the water because

A) ten grams of water occupies a larger volume than 10.0 g of aluminum.
B) 10.0 °C is closer to the melting point of water than to the melting point of aluminum.
C) water is a liquid and aluminum is a solid at 10.0 °C.
D) water has a larger specific heat than aluminum.
E) water has a greater potential energy than aluminum.

Question 48

A burn from steam at 100 °C is expected to be more severe than a burn from boiling water at 100 °C because

A) you are more likely to come into contact with the steam than with the boiling water.
B) the steam will give off a larger amount of heat as it condenses.
C) there is more steam than water.
D) the steam is hotter than the boiling water.

Question 49

When a solid is converted directly to a gas, the change of state is called

A)sublimation.
B)freezing.
C)melting.
D)condensation.
E)boiling.

Question 50

The number of calories needed to raise the temperature of 32 g of water from 12 °C to 54 °C is

A) 0.76 cal.
B) 1300 cal.
C) 1700 cal.
D) 384 cal.
E) 1.3 cal.

Question 51

A color of a substance is an example of a(n)________ property.

Question 52

How many calories are required to raise the temperature of a 35.0 g sample of iron from 25 °C to 35 °C? Iron has a specific heat of 0.108 cal/g °C.

A) 1.1 cal
B) 38 cal
C) 130 cal
D) 3.8 cal
E) 93 cal

Question 53

A mixture which has uniform properties is a(n)________ mixture.

Question 54

How many calories are required to increase the temperature of 13 g of ethanol from 11 °C to 23 °C? The specific heat of alcohol is 0.588 cal/g °C.

A) 170 cal
B) 0.54 cal
C) 83 cal
D) 0.63 cal
E) 92 cal

Question 55

The specific heat of copper is 0.0920 cal/g °C, and the specific heat of silver is 0.0562 cal/g °C. If 100 cal of heat is added to one g of each metal at 25 °C, what is the expected result?

A) The two samples will reach the same temperature.
B) The copper will reach a temperature lower than 25 °C.
C) The copper will reach a higher temperature.
D) The silver will reach a temperature lower than 25 °C.
E) The silver will reach a higher temperature.

Question 56

The physical state(s)present when a substance is melting is (are)

A)liquid + gas.
B)solid + liquid.
C)liquid.
D)gas.
E)solid.

Question 57

Which of the following does NOT represent a step on the heating curve of water?

A) The temperature of ice remains at 0 °C as it melts.
B) The temperature of liquid water increases linearly as it is heated.
C) The temperature of liquid water remains at 100 °C as it boils.
D) The temperature of steam cannot exceed 100 °C. E) Both liquid water and ice are present at 0 °C.

Question 58

A heating curve illustrates

A)what happens to the heat applied as the temperature is increased.
B)what happens to the particles of a substance as it is heated.
C)what a substance looks like as it is heated.
D)the chemical changes that occur as the substance is heated.
E)the changes in the temperature and physical state of a substance as it is heated.

Question 59

The formation of a gas resulting from the escape of high-energy particles from the surface of a liquid is known as

A)melting.
B)sublimation.
C)boiling.
D)evaporation.
E)deposition.

Question 60

Which of the following does NOT involve a change of state?

A)vaporization of alcohol
B)sublimation of dry ice
C)pouring water into a vacuum-insulated bottle
D)freezing water
E)melting ice

Question 61

The energy of motion is called ________ energy.

Question 62

The nutritional calorie (Cal)is the same as ________ cal.

Question 63

Bromine (Br₂) has a freezing point of -7 °C, and a boiling point of 60 °C. Indicate the state or change of state occurring at each temperature.
60 °C

Question 64

Bromine (Br₂) has a freezing point of -7 °C, and a boiling point of 60 °C. Indicate the state or change of state occurring at each temperature.
-15 °C

Question 65

Bromine (Br₂) has a freezing point of -7 °C, and a boiling point of 60 °C. Indicate the state or change of state occurring at each temperature.
70 °C

Question 66

Will the caloric value of a 100.g hamburger be higher or lower than the caloric value of 100. g of cooking oil?

Question 67

1 calorie is the same amount of energy as ________ joules.

Question 68

The lowest temperature on the Kelvin scale is ________ K.

Question 69

The change of state directly from solid to gas is termed ________.

Question 70

The boiling point of water on the Celsius scale is ________ °C.

Question 71

________ cal are required to raise the temperature of 10.0 g of water by 45 °C.

Question 72

Bromine (Br₂) has a freezing point of -7 °C, and a boiling point of 60 °C. Indicate the state or change of state occurring at each temperature.
30 °C

Question 73

Bromine (Br₂) has a freezing point of -7 °C, and a boiling point of 60 °C. Indicate the state or change of state occurring at each temperature.
-7 °C

Question 74

When a liquid boils, the process by which the molecules leave its surface is called ________.

Question 75

Will the caloric value of a 100. g hamburger be higher or lower than the caloric value of 100. g of sugar?

Question 76

100. J is the same amount of energy as ________ kcal.

Question 77

The units of specific heat are ________.