Deck 13: Prisons and Jails

Question 1

The main feature of the prison design is a long central corridor that serves as a means of transporting inmates from one part of the facility to another.

A)Radial
B)telephone-pole
C)courtyard style
D)campus style

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Approximately of inmates are held in medium-security facilities.

A)40%
B)25%
C)20%
D)33%

Answer 2

A

Question 3

When administrators determine what sort of correctional facility provides the best "fit" for each individual convict,
it is called the assignment process.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Pennsylvania system was based on the concept of separate confinement.

Question 5

The Walnut Street system was a success,as it kept excessive costs low and limited overcrowding.

Question 6

What facility introduced "new penology" in 1876?

A)Pennsylvania's Western Penitentiary
B)New York's Auburn Prison
C)New York's Elmira State Prison
D)Pennsylvania's Eastern Penitentiary

Question 7

Which of the following is one explanation for rising prison rates?

A)Rising incarceration rates for juvenile offenders.
B)Rising incarceration rates for convicted misdemeanants.
C)Rising incarceration rates for the mentally ill.
D)Rising incarceration rates for women.

Question 8

Continuity of purpose is sometimes lacking in prison organizations.

Question 9

Since the 1930's what prison model has dominated the most restrictive prisons?

A)Custodial
B)Just deserts
C)Reintegration
D)Rehabilitation

Question 10

What philosophy for rehabilitating offenders was America's first penitentiary based upon?

A)Counseling
B)vocational training
C)Education
D)physical labor

Question 11

Prison cells are located in rows of cell blocks.

Question 12

What did colonial penologists believe to be the main cause of crime?

A)Idleness
B)Poverty
C)Greed
D)mental illness

Question 13

Technically,pretrial detainees are prisoners.

Question 14

Private corrections firms are not part of the government bureaucracy and therefore do not have to contend with the massive amount of paperwork that can clog government organizations.

Question 15

One advantage of high incarceration rates,some propose,is:

A)A significant drop in the country's crimes rates.
B)All felons are required to pay restitution to their victims.
C)A decreased fear of crime in American society.
D)Victims of crime report feeling more satisfied with the justice system.

Question 16

The Pennsylvania system was also know as Walnut Street.

Question 17

America's first penitentiary

A)was opened in Massachusetts in 1787.
B)isolated inmates from one another in solitary rooms.
C)allowed inmates to work in common rooms,but strictly enforced silence.
D)focused on punishment,with little consideration given to rehabilitation.

Question 18

One of the primary explanations for recent rapid growth in prison populations is the increasing number of people incarcerated for

A)drug offenses.
B)probation violations.
C)terrorist threats.
D)violent offenses.

Question 19

A model of corrections in which the psychological and biological roots of an inmate's criminal behavior are
identified and treated is called the congregate model.

Question 20

For most states looking to cut correction costs,the focus has been on incarceration,or the reduction of inmate populations.

Question 21

The most efficiently run prison facilities are those run by

A)private companies
B)county government
C)state government
D)federal government

Question 22

According to the text three general models exist in the United States.These models are

A)retribution,rehabilitation,and reintegration.
B)incapacitative,rehabilitative,and reintegrative.
C)custodial,rehabilitation,and reintegration.
D)restrictive,rehabilitative,and reintegrative.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a common jail function?

A)Holding convicted misdemeanants
B)Temporarily detaining juveniles
C)Housing parolees
D)Housing inmates awaiting transfer

Question 24

Which of the following is not considered an amenity in prison?

A)Decent food
B)Clean living conditions
C)Remedial education
D)Recreational opportunities

Question 25

Custodial employees in prisons,those who deal directly with inmates,

A)make up approximately 40% of all prison staff.
B)make up approximately 75% of all prison staff.
C)make up approximately 50% of all prison staff.
D)make up approximately 90% of all prison staff.

Question 26

The majority of the nation's jails are managed by

A)private companies such as CCC or Wackenhut.
B)the county sheriff's office.
C)the county court.
D)the state department of corrections.

Question 27

Judges often credit the time an accused person was detained awaiting trial as "credit for time served." This practice acknowledges that

A)judges are not fair.
B)judges favor probation over incarceration.
C)most jails offer inmates little or no rehabilitative programming.
D)most crimes do not deserve long jail stays.

Question 28

Supermax "security housing unit" syndrome refers to

A)the growing number of inmates incarcerated in supermax facilities.
B)the high rate of violence committed against correctional guards by supermax inmates.
C)the emergence of mental health issues among supermax offenders who have been isolated for long periods of time.
D)the extreme rate of recidivism associated with supermax offenders.

Question 29

The model dominates most prisons in the United States.

A)incapacitation
B)rehabilitation
C)reintegration
D)regenerative

Question 30

Jails are operated by which level of government?

A)County
B)State
C)Interstate
D)Federal

Question 31

What percent of jail inmates in the U.S.are male?

A)65
B)88
C)99
D)50

Question 32

Which of the following is not cited in the text as a reason why private prisons can often be run more cheaply and efficiently than public prisons?

A)Reduced labor costs
B)Competitive bidding
C)No need for an expensive rank hierarchy/chain of command
D)Reduced bureaucracy

Question 33

Which prison model is most likely to serve as a training ground for offenders to return to the community?

A)Just deserts
B)Custodial
C)Rehabilitation
D)Reintegration

Question 34

All of the following are disadvantage of high incarceration rates,EXCEPT:

A)Increasing violence in American prisons.
B)Financial and social hardship for children with an incarcerated parent.
C)A disproportionate impact on minority groups.
D)Disenfranchisement among convicted felons.

Question 35

According to DiIulio,in the absence of order,amenities,and services,inmates will

A)become dependant on staff.
B)become physically ill.
C)become mentally ill.
D)become more difficult to control.

Question 36

The system of confinement was also known as the Walnut Street system.

A)Pennsylvania
B)New York
C)Delaware
D)London

Question 37

New-generation jails utilize a design.

A)linear.
B)cell block .
C)traditional.
D)podular.

Question 38

What percentage of jails hold fewer than 50 people?

A)1/4
B)3/4
C)1/3
D)2/3

Question 39

Women represent approximately percent of the prison population nationwide.

A)1
B)7
C)17
D)27

Question 40

What is the operational cost difference between public and private prisons?

A)12-15%
B)6-10%
C)25-28%
D)2-4%

Question 41

When Florida decided to close some of its correctional facilities,it would have saved the most money on a per prisoner bases by closing what type of prisons?

A)Supermaximum-security prisons
B)Maximum-security prisons
C)Medium-security prisons
D)Minimum-security prisons

Question 42

Norway's approach to corrections would be most closely associated with which selection?

A)new generation jails
B)private prisons
C)Walnut Street prison
D)maximum-security prison

Question 43

The is ultimately responsible for the operation of the prison.

Question 44

The strip search policy was likely established by the of the Burlington County Jail.

A)sheriff
B)deputy warden
C)warden
D)custodial employees

Question 45

How might the authorities right to conduct a strip search be used against a suspect?

A)The threat of a strip search could be used to coerce information
B)Police may use the strip search to increase the time a suspect is in custody
C)A filthy suspect may be denied a strip search and thus a chance to get clean
D)The police may threaten to use opposite-gender officers to conduct the strip search

Question 46

What factor explains why Florida had to close its correctional facilities even while overall prison populations were increasing?

A)federal prison growth
B)inmates serving more time for each crime
C)increased probability of incarceration
D)rising incarceration rates for women

Question 47

What would Florida not be able to do in order to expand its prison population?

A)accept prisoners from other states
B)increase probability of incarceration
C)curtail parole opportunities
D)keep inmates beyond their sentence

Question 48

Breivik's letter complained of a lack of butter for his bread.Breivik was complaining of a lack of in the prison.

A)amenities
B)order
C)service
D)activities

Question 49

In which way would William Penn's "Great Law" not apply to the preface?

A)Brievik would be eligible for the death penalty under the Great Law,but not in Norway
B)Norway's approach would reflect the Quaker's humanity
C)The Norwegians did not use mutilation and torture on Brievik
D)None of these choices

Question 50

are correctional facilities operated by private corporations instead of the government and,therefore,reliant on profits for survival.

Question 51

The primary concept of the Pennsylvania System was the confinement system.

Question 52

Florida's experiences with controlling the costs of running its prisons might lead it to consider what steps?

A)privatize its prison system
B)build more prisons
C)build smaller prisons
D)early release as many nonviolent prisoners as possible

Question 53

The basic structure of the new-generation jail is based on a design.

Question 54

A number of state and the federal government convicted felons,or take away their right to vote.

Question 55

Dramatic growth of inmate populations is a consequence of the which is characterized by
"get tough" ideologies in sentencing and punishment.

Question 56

The actual strip search was likely conducted by the of the Burlington County Jail.

A)sheriff
B)deputy warden
C)warden
D)custodial employees

Question 57

Based on the preface,which model of prison does Norway likely follow?

A)rehabilitation
B)incapacitation
C)reintegration
D)remedial

Question 58

According to the Supreme Court,strip searches may be conducted

A)at the discretion of the jail authority
B)only with the consent of the detainee
C)once probable cause has been established
D)if the detainee appears threatening

Question 59

A prison designed in the campus style,where inmates have a measure of freedom of movement is considered
security.

Question 60

If Justice Kennedy believes that "people detained for minor offenses can turn out to be the most devious and dangerous criminals," then logically he would also likely agree that...

A)the absence of a criminal offense means little to the police
B)noncriminals like Florence should be treated as criminals
C)those how have unpaid parking tickets should be treated like Florence
D)All of these choices.

Question 61

The model of corrections in which the psychological and biological roots of an inmate's criminal behavior
are identified and treated.

Question 62

List the factors that have caused the prison population to grow dramatically in the last several years.

Question 63

A prison designed to hold and discipline dangerous offenders,usually with cement walls and electronic barriers,is considered to be a security level facility.

Question 64

Staffs at private prisons are not members of a .

Question 65

When it comes to searches,the Supreme Court ruled that jail authorities may,at their discretion,strip search any inmate for reasons relating to jail hygiene and security.

Question 66

High rates of incarceration have a disproportionate impact on voting rights in groups.

Question 67

A prison is a correctional facility reserved for those inmates who have extensive records of misconduct.

Question 68

Most jails are chronically _____.

Question 69

A is a correctional institution designed and organized to control and discipline dangerous felons,as well as prevent escape.

Question 70

The
model stresses the ideals of individualized treatment.

Question 71

Prisons organizations often resemble police organizations as both systems rely on a _ .

Question 72

Jails are generally operated by the governments.

Question 73

One factor responsible for the rising incarceration rates for .

Question 74

A prison design where the housing units are scattered among functional units such as the dining room,recreation area,and treatment centers is called a design.

Question 75

Contrast the Pennsylvania and the New York penitentiary theories of the 1800s.

Question 76

In the model,the correctional institution serves as a training ground for the inmate to prepare for existence in the community.

Question 77

Auburn's system allowed prisoners to work and eat together.

Question 78

A is a county detention facility used to hold persons awaiting trial or who have been found guilty of a misdemeanor.

Question 79

In the model,the prison serves as a training ground to prepare the inmate for life back in the community.

Question 80

The model is based on the assumption that prisoners are incarcerated for reasons of incapacitation,deterrence,and retribution.