Question 1

Discuss the evidence on the relationship between culture and pathology.

Accepted Answer

The principal categories of psychological disturbance are identifiable in all cultures, but milder disorders may go unrecognised in some societies. The symptoms associated with specific disorders are largely the same across different cultures, but cultural variations are seen in the details of how these symptoms are expressed. Culture-bound disorders illustrate the diversity of abnormal behaviour around the world, as well as cultural influence.

Question 2

The DSM-5 includes &#34;improving therapeutic efficacy&#34; as one of the reasons to accommodate cultural differences and diversity.

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 states that accommodations for cultural differences and diversity are important for "improving diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy."

Question 3

Choose the MOST accurate view on many cultural conceptualisations of spirit possession.&#10;A) Once possessed, the person will have to remain in hospital for an extended period of time.&#10;B) Spirit possession can permanently harm the person's self and body.&#10;C) As an explanation, spirit possession may guard against stigma associated with biomedical and genetic explanations.&#10;D) Spirit possession is thought to be genetic and is expected to transfer to children.

Accepted Answer

Many cultural conceptualisations of spirit possession provide an explanation for illness or abnormal behaviour that is not biomedical or genetic. This can protect individuals from the stigma that can result from these explanations, particularly in societies in which mental illness is stigmatised.

Question 4

In considering culture and schizophrenia, cultural influences are ___________________.&#10;A) dependent on the society's perspective.&#10;B) far reaching and pervasive.&#10;C) limited but pervasive.&#10;D) insignificant.

Accepted Answer

Cultural influences are far reaching and pervasive, as different cultural beliefs, values and practices can impact the expression and treatment of schizophrenia. For example, some cultures may view hearing voices or having delusions as a normal aspect of spiritual experiences, while others may view these same symptoms as signs of mental illness. These cultural differences can affect diagnosis, treatment, and recovery outcomes for those with schizophrenia.

Question 5

____________________ are particular modes of communication between patient and therapist/healer that allow the patient to convey distress in a culturally sanctioned manner.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are particular modes of communication between...

Question 6

According to Cheng (2001), culture gives ________ and _________ to disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Cheng (2001), culture gives ________...

Question 7

The methodology of ____________ was criticised for downplaying and trivialising cultural symptoms in its search for universal symptoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The methodology of ____________ was criticised for...

Question 8

Somatisation occurs worldwide, but its prevalence varies considerably across cultures.

Accepted Answer

Somatisation is a phenomenon that occurs globally but its prevalence varies across different cultural contexts. Culture plays a significant role in shaping the ways in which people express their psychological distress or physical symptoms. Some cultures tend to express their distress through physical symptoms (such as back pain, headache, fatigue, etc.), while others may use more emotional or interpersonal expressions. Therefore, the prevalence of somatisation differs across cultures.

Question 9

In the context of cultural formulation, Fulford's squeaky wheel principle refers to the universal approach to understanding mental illness.

Accepted Answer

Fulford's squeaky wheel principle refers to the idea that the voices of dominant cultural groups are often heard more loudly than those of minority or marginalized cultural groups, leading to a bias in the understanding and treatment of mental illness. It is not related to a universal approach to understanding mental illness.

Question 10

The German psychiatrist who coined the term dementia praecox was _________________.&#10;A) Arthur Kleinman.&#10;B) Cecil Seligman.&#10;C) Emil Kraepelin.&#10;D) Lewis King.

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin was the German psychiatrist who coined the term dementia praecox, which later became known as schizophrenia. Arthur Kleinman is an American psychiatrist and medical anthropologist, Cecil Seligman was a British psychiatrist, and Lewis King is not a well-known figure in the field of psychiatry.

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a Western idiom of distress?&#10;A) spirit possession&#10;B) amafufunyana&#10;C) schizophrenia&#10;D) lower back pain

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Deck 17: Culture and Mental Health