Deck 3: Review of Key Research Methodology Concepts and Terms

Question 1

The ratio level of measurement can be collapsed to the ordinal level of measurement.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods?

A)Qualitative methods are more likely to emphasize precision and objectivity.
B)Quantitative studies are more likely to probe for deeper, underlying meanings.
C)Quantitative studies are more likely to emphasize precision and objectivity.
D)None of these.

Answer 2

None of these.

Question 3

A study is conducted to test the hypothesis that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than eclectic therapy in reducing the number of future incidents of child neglect among substance abusing parents? Which of the following is the dependent variable in this study?

A)The number of future incidents of abuse
B)Type of therapy
C)Eclectic therapy
D)Substance abuse

Answer 3

The number of future incidents of abuse

Question 4

A study is conducted to test the hypothesis that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than eclectic therapy in alleviating the severity trauma symptoms among female victims of rape? Which of the following is the independent variable in this study?

A)Cognitive behavioral therapy
B)Severity of trauma symptoms
C)Gender
D)Type of therapy

Question 5

Which of the following variables could NOT be collapsed to a lower level of measurement?

A)Number of child neglect incidents.
B)Level of satisfaction with agency services.
C)Gender.
D)Severity of trauma symptoms.

Question 6

Which of the following statements best resembles a hypothesis?

A)Gender includes men and women.
B)Our survey will find that 60 percent of our agency's clients are women.
C)Providing national health care insurance by the federal government will decrease our nation's cost of medical care.
D)All of these are equally good hypotheses.

Question 7

A study is conducted to test the hypothesis that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than eclectic therapy in alleviating the severity trauma symptoms among female victims of rape.Clients are assigned to one or the other of the foregoing two therapies based on which seems most appropriate for them in light of a thorough, reliable and valid clinical assessment.The severity of trauma symptoms is measured before and after treatment, using a valid and unbiased form of measurement.Which of the following statements is/are true about this study?

A)The design enables us to rule out plausible alternative explanations for differences in outcome between the two treatment groups.
B)It uses an experimental design.
C)Both a and b above are true.
D)It is a quasi-experiment that is vulnerable to a selectivity bias.

Question 8

Which of the following best illustrates an operational definition of child neglect?

A)Leaving the child in a dangerous situation.
B)Not taking proper care of the child.
C)Court records showing that an incident of child neglect occurred.
D)All of the these.

Question 9

Quantitative methods are more likely than qualitative methods to develop precise and generalizable findings.

Question 10

In measuring quality of parenting, which of the following options is least obtrusive (eg., most unobtrusive?

A)Observe parents interacting with children in their home.
B)Having parents complete a self-report scale about parenting skills.
C)Court records showing whether an incident of child neglect occurred..
D)Ask children about how their parents treat them.

Question 11

A study is conducted to test the hypothesis that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than eclectic therapy in reducing the number of future incidents of child neglect among substance abusing parents, and to assess whether the comparative effectiveness of the interventions varies depending upon the ethnicity of the parents? In this study what type of variable is parental ethnicity?

A)Independent.
B)Moderating.
C)Dependent.
D)Mediating.

Question 12

At what level of measurement is the variable ethnicity?

A)Nominal.
B)Ordinal.
C)Ratio.
D)Interval.

Question 13

Number of children is an example of a variable at the ratio level of measurement.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is correct regarding variables or attributes?

A)Female is a variable.
B)Gender is an attribute.
C)Variables must contain more than one attribute and thus be capable of varying.
D)Attributes should contain at least two variables.

Question 15

Ethnicity is an example of a variable at the ordinal level of measurement.

Question 16

At what level of measurement is the variable number of future incidents of child neglect?

A)Nominal.
B)Ordinal.
C)Ratio.
D)Interval.

Question 17

Male is an example of a variable.

Question 18

If clients who receive an intervention have better outcomes than clients who do not receive that intervention, then that is a sufficient basis for inferring that the intervention is effective.

Question 19

If a father who is abusive consistently denies being abusive, his self-report is reliable but not valid.

Question 20

A hypothesis predicts a relationship between two variables.

Question 21

The safest way to obtain a representative sample is by using non-probability sampling procedures.

Question 22

Quasi-experiments randomly assign clients to treatment conditions.