Deck 6: The Roman Empire.

Question 1

Explain the factors involved in the spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire. To what groups did Christianity most appeal? Why?

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

Please define the following key terms.
Virgil's Aeneid

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Please define the following key terms.
legates

Answer 3

Answers will vary.

Question 4

Please define the following key terms.
Augustus

Question 5

One historian has said that the Romans became Christians and the Christians became Romans. Discuss. Be specific.

Question 6

Please define the following key terms.
Dead Sea Scrolls

Question 7

What message did Virgil intend to convey to his Roman audience in his epic masterpiece, the Aeneid?

Question 8

Please define the following key terms.
pax Romana

Question 9

The historian Edward Gibbon claimed that the Roman Empire in second century C.E. was a true Golden Age. What evidence could give credence to Gibbon's argument and what evidence could be given to refute it?

Question 10

Please define the following key terms.
imperator

Question 11

Please define the following key terms.
equestrian order

Question 12

Please define the following key terms.
the imperial cult

Question 13

What accounts for the prosperity of the early empire? In your opinion, what factor was most important? Why?

Question 14

How would you characterize Augustus's social policies? What goals were his policies meant to achieve?

Question 15

Please define the following key terms.
Horace

Question 16

What important changes took place in the Roman family in the first two centuries C.E.?

Question 17

Define "Romanization." In what areas and with what social groups was Romanization most complete? Why?

Question 18

Why was it important to Augustus to retain the outward trappings of the republican state?

Question 19

Please define the following key terms.
principate

Question 20

Assume that you are a Roman citizen living in Rome in the second century C.E. Discuss both the potential good and bad aspects of your daily existence.

Question 21

Please define the following key terms.
Ahuramazda

Question 22

Please define the following key terms.
Tacitus

Question 23

Please define the following key terms.
Seneca

Question 24

Please define the following key terms.
chariot races

Question 25

Please define the following key terms.
Sassanid Persians

Question 26

Please define the following key terms.
Livy

Question 27

Please define the following key terms.
Romanization

Question 28

Please define the following key terms.
Julio-Claudians

Question 29

Please define the following key terms.
Nero

Question 30

Please define the following key terms.
Hadrian's Pantheon

Question 31

Please define the following key terms.
Zenobia

Question 32

Please define the following key terms.
Caracalla

Question 33

Please define the following key terms.
good emperors

Question 34

Please define the following key terms.
Colosseum

Question 35

Please define the following key terms.
Ovid

Question 36

Please define the following key terms.
the Silk Road

Question 37

Please define the following key terms.
latifundia

Question 38

Please define the following key terms.
praetorian guard

Question 39

Please define the following key terms.
polytheistic

Question 40

Please define the following key terms.
Flavians

Question 41

Please define the following key terms.
Jesus

Question 42

Please define the following key terms.
Goths and Franks

Question 43

Please define the following key terms.
Zealots

Question 44

Please define the following key terms.
Essenes and the Dead Sea Scrolls

Question 45

Please define the following key terms.
paterfamilias

Question 46

Please define the following key terms.
bishops

Question 47

Please define the following key terms.
the gospels

Question 48

Please define the following key terms.
"Bread and Circuses"

Question 49

Please define the following key terms.
Diocletian

Question 50

Please define the following key terms.
Sadducees and Pharisees

Question 51

Please define the following key terms.
Circus Maximus

Question 52

Please define the following key terms.
Ulpian

Question 53

Please define the following key terms.
Septimius Severus

Question 54

Please define the following key terms.
gladiatorial games

Question 55

Please define the following key terms.
Paul of Tarsus

Question 56

Please define the following key terms.
Messiah

Question 57

Please define the following key terms.
insulae

Question 58

Please define the following key terms.
Mithraism

Question 59

Please define the following key terms.
Pontius Pilate

Question 60

Please define the following key terms.
Perpetua

Question 61

What happened to the Roman Senate under Augustus?

A)It was stripped of all but the most superficial of powers.
B)It was a full and equal partner of the princeps.
C)It was retained as the chief deliberative body of the Roman state.
D)It was no longer a high court of justice nor allowed to control the public treasury.
E)It was completely dissolved and eliminated.

Question 62

What was Livy most known for in the Augustan Age?

A)Aeneid
B)Metamophoses
C)Satires
D)Meditations
E)History of Rome in 142 books

Question 63

What is the subject of the Aeneid?

A)The establishment of Rome
B)The Punic Wars
C)The joys of farming
D)Freedom and liberty
E)Christian justice

Question 64

What was a consequence of the civil wars of the first century B.C.E.?

A)The Roman army was permanently weakened.
B)Roman government shrank and became more efficient.
C)The Roman army increased in size and become more professional.
D)Roman government became more democratic and egalitarian.
E)The Roman army disintegrated.

Question 65

Who were the Roman praetorian guards?

A)Elite troops given the task of protecting the emperor
B)Mobile units meant to patrol the boundaries of the empire
C)Retired veterans often used to train the gladiators
D)Cavalry used to spearhead military offensives
E)Soldiers stationed along Hadrian's Wall in northern Britain

Question 66

Which statement best describes The Art of Love?

A)It condemned the loose sexual morals of the Roman upper classes.
B)It caused great displeasure to Augustus and led to Ovid's eventual exile.
C)It was a guidebook for married women.
D)It was a poetical treatise on romantic love.
E)It was focused spiritual love, not physical love.

Question 67

At its height in the second century, how large was the population of the Roman Empire?

A)Almost one billion
B)Less than four million
C)Over 600 million
D)Between 30 and 35 million
E)More than 50 million

Question 68

Which statement is true of Augustan society?

A)Popular assemblies of the lower classes continually grew in importance.
B)Legislation was passed concerning the corruption of morals.
C)Equestrians gained the upper hand in the political sphere.
D)Religion was no longer considered important.
E)The city of Rome, including the Colosseum, was entirely rebuilt.

Question 69

What was the highest Roman social class in the early Roman Empire?

A)The senatorial class
B)The equestrian class
C)The consul class
D)The royal class
E)The magisterial class

Question 70

What was the most important development of the Augustan Age?

A)The Roman economy collapsed.
B)The imperial order became permanent.
C)The empire was plunged into civil war.
D)The Romans lost control of the eastern portion of the empire.
E)The Romans conquered the Greeks.

Question 71

What was a requirement for membership in the equestrian order?

A)Senatorial ancestors
B)Twenty years of service in the army
C)Property valued at 400,000 sesterces
D)Written approval from the emperor
E)Five years of residence in the city of Rome

Question 72

The Flavian dynasty came to power as a result of

A)an election.
B)a civil war.
C)a condition of Nero's last will and testament.
D)a coup d'état.
E)a slave revolt.

Question 73

What was one of Augustus's most significant actions in the area of Roman religion?

A)Destruction of the cults of Augustus and Roma
B)Claim to be a god in his own lifetime
C)Creation of an imperial cult
D)Elimination of all traditional female religious festivals
E)Destruction of all of the mystery religions

Question 74

Which statement accurately portrays the social classes during the early Roman Empire?

A)Provincials were allowed to hold certain high magisterial positions.
B)The power of the equestrian class was expanded.
C)The Senate was expanded to include 400 equestrians.
D)Debt slavery was ended as a means to acquire slaves.
E)Independent farms made up the soldiers in Rome's legions.

Question 75

What was one of Augustus's key innovations in Roman provincial rule?

A)Abandonment of North Africa
B)Division of Roman provinces into those ruled directly by the princeps and the senatorial provinces administered by the Senate
C)Use of military governors alone
D)Complete revision of provincial tax policies
E)Creation of a federal system wherein provincial governors had almost complete power

Question 76

Which statement best describes Romanization in the Roman Empire?

A)It occurred quickly in the west.
B)It developed first in the lower classes.
C)It saw Latin illuminate the use of the Greek language in the east.
D)It never included the practice of allowing local inhabitants to become Roman officials.
E)It occurred more quickly in the east than the west because of greater urbanization in the east.

Question 77

Which city, located on the Tiber, was Rome's chief port?

A)Venice
B)Marseilles
C)Milan
D)Tiberius
E)Ostia

Question 78

Which of these was one of Augustus's accomplishments?

A)He tripled the state budget surplus.
B)He returned Rome to its republican roots.
C)He extended Roman citizenship to all inhabitants of the empire.
D)He legalized Christianity.
E)He added considerable new territory to the empire.

Question 79

What event curtailed Augustus's expansionist policies?

A)The Senatorial rejection of imperialist policy in 20 B.C.E.
B)The defeat by Varus in the Teutoburg Forest
C)The revolt of the Egyptians in 14 B.C.E.
D)The successful series of invasions by the Parthians in the east
E)The revolt by the Jews in Judea

Question 80

Although the Senate granted Octavian the title "Augustus" (revered one), he preferred to be addressed by what title?

A)Pontifex
B)Dominus
C)Overlord
D)Senator
E)Princeps