Deck 6: Nongovernmental Organizations, Multinational Corporations, and Other Nonstate Actors

Question 1

International terrorism is one possible effect of an extreme militant religious movement.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In contrast to the unitary actor model, many states are actually composed of a variety of ethnic groups seeking a greater share of power within the state.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

As MNCs have grown in size, the regulatory power of states has decreased.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Indigenous peoples are those people within a state that control the decision-making apparatus of government.

Question 5

Although the number of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in the international system has been rising quickly in recent years, the number of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) has declined.

Question 6

Political terrorism is usually a senseless and random act of violence without any premeditated strategy.

Question 7

Irredentism is an attempt of a religious or ethnic group to break away from an internationally recognized state.

Question 8

As a general rule, NGOs have their greatest influence in the area of "high politics."

Question 9

The world's religions are very similar in their theological doctrines.

Question 10

Grassroots NGOs that advocate action on a particular issue have been very successful at impacting the actions of states.

Question 11

The wealth of the world's largest MNCs now surpasses that of many individual nation-states.

Question 12

The state-centric model of international relations assumes continuity between past and present.

Question 13

Indigenous peoples are those who are native to a region that is now controlled by another state or ethnic group.

Question 14

Repressive terror is used by governments or vigilantes to sustain existing political order.

Question 15

Piracy is one form of international crime that has almost been eradicated worldwide in recent years.

Question 16

Diasporas result when groups are forced to flee their homeland to escape religious persecution.

Question 17

Al-Qaeda has moved from a loose cell-like structure to a rigid hub-and-spoke organization since the beginning o the Afghan war.

Question 18

Greenpeace is an issue-oriented NGO.

Question 19

The members of NGOs are private individuals or groups.

Question 20

Multinational corporations (MNCs) are increasingly setting up regional headquarters in Global South countries to take advantage of lower wages and high skills.

Question 21

The term irredentism refers to

A)the effort by an ethnic or religious group to break away from an internationally recognized state.
B)the departure of religious minorities from their countries of origin to escape persecution.
C)minority communities who live abroad but retain political ties to their homelands.
D)majority rule over ethnic minorities.
E)the attempt by an ethnic group to reclaim territory by force so that the group is no longer separated by state boundaries.

Question 22

Which of the following is not true of terrorism?

A)Terrorism was first practiced in the twentieth century.
B)Terrorism is sometimes used by states.
C)Terrorism can be used to support or change the political status quo.
D)Terrorism can be used by groups for organizational objectives such as acquiring resources.
E)Terrorists may strike symbolic targets for the psychological impact of the attack.

Question 23

Roughly, what percentage of the world's large countries has significant ethnic or religious minority groups?

A)1/2
B)1/4
C)3/4
D)1/3
E)All of them

Question 24

Which is an example of an issue-advocacy oriented NGO?

A)NATO
B)Greenpeace
C)GATT
D)The European Union
E)Hezbollah

Question 25

Organizational objectives of terrorism include

A)acquiring resources.
B)forging group cohesion.
C)disorienting a target population.
D)Both options a and b are true.
E)Both options b and c are true.

Question 26

Which of the following is not an example of a MNC?

A)Volkswagen
B)Exxon
C)British Petroleum
D)OPEC
E)Royal Dutch Shell

Question 27

Which of the following issue areas would issue-advocacy NGOs be expected to have a significant influence

A)national security.
B)environmental policy.
C)women's health policy.
D)Both b and c are true.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 28

Greenpeace is an example of a(n)

A)multinational corporation.
B)issue-advocacy group.
C)ethnopolitical movement.
D)collective security arrangement.
E)terrorist group.

Question 29

Which of the following is not an example of an NGO?

A)Kurds
B)Catholics
C)ASEAN
D)Al-Qaeda
E)Nike

Question 30

The "Ottawa Process" that led to the 1997 treaty that banned antipersonnel landmines is an example of what type of diplomatic process?

A)A mixed-actor approach to diplomacy
B)A top-down approach to diplomacy
C)A great- power approach to diplomacy
D)A Canadian approach to diplomacy
E)An NGO-centered approach to diplomacy

Question 31

Which of the following is true of many ethnic groups?

A)They seek a greater level of regional autonomy.
B)Their existence disproves the view of the state as a unitary actor.
C)They view themselves as members of their ethnic group first and of their state second.
D)They seek a greater voice in the domestic and foreign policies of the state.
E)All of the above.

Question 32

Which is an example of a country with more than one ethnopolitical group?

A)Canada
B)Nigeria
C)America
D)Both a and b
E)All of the above

Question 33

Which of the following international relations theories believes that NGOs will play an increasingly important role in global politics of the future?

A)Realists
B)Liberals
C)Constructivists
D)Both options b and c are true.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 34

Approximately what fraction of global exports is accounted for by MNCs?

A)One-fourth
B)One-third
C)One-half
D)Two-thirds
E)Three-fourths

Question 35

The number of NGOs in the world today is estimated to be almost

A)5,000.
B)10,000.
C)15,000.
D)20,000.
E)30,000.

Question 36

Religious groups that live abroad in host countries but maintain economic, political, and emotional ties to their homelands are known as

A)irredentists.
B)secessionists.
C)diasporas.
D)indigenous peoples.
E)co-religionists.

Question 37

An ethnopolitical group shares

A)a common language.
B)a common cultural tradition.
C)an allegiance to a single government.
D)Both options a and b are true.
E)Both options b and c are true.

Question 38

Which of the following are examples of indigenous peoples?

A)The Germans in Germany
B)The French in France
C)The Japanese in Japan
D)Both a and b are true.
E)All of the above are true.

Question 39

The attempt by a dominant religion or ethnic group to reclaim previously possessed territory in an adjacent region from a foreign state that now controls it is known as

A)secession.
B)irredentism.
C)hegemony.
D)diasporas.
E)migration.

Question 40

What percentage of MNC employees work in developing countries?

A)20 per cent
B)30 per cent
C)40 per cent
D)60 per cent
E)80 per cent

Question 41

Marxists have long argued that MNCs exploit labor and resources, especially in the Global South.Is this view accurate? Discuss how realists and liberals would respond to the Marxist position.

Question 42

Should all ethno-political groups and indigenous peoples be granted autonomy or semi-autonomy from existing nation states? Discuss the impact of such political freedoms on the global system and the nation state in particular.

Question 43

Criminal organizations, which were once local, are now creating international networks.Contrast the different ways in which these groups impact poor countries in the Global South as opposed to rich countries in the Global North.

Question 44

The world's religious movements have been forces for peace and causes of instability.In your opinion, do religious movements do more to bring people together or to separate them? What role have they played in international politics?

Question 45

Realists and liberals differ on their view of the impact of NGOs in world politics.Outline the positions of each perspective.Which do you believe is correct? Explain.

Question 46

Terrorism is often seen as the only option of the politically oppressed against a stronger foe.Take two cases to illustrate this point.Provide an alternative to terrorist violence that the weak can pursue against a stronger enemy.

Question 47

Discuss the various ways MNCs have influenced the structures of power in the international system in recent years.Will the MNC ever challenge the nation-state? Provide a scenario in which such a challenge could take place.

Question 48

How influential and effective are the grassroots NGOs? Take the cases of environmental policy and rural development in the Global South and discuss the benefits of NGOs versus states and IGOs.What are the limitations of NGOs in these cases?

Question 49

Is the Westphalian era in world politics drawing to a close? Present the realist, liberal, and Marxist perspectives on this question.Which do you believe is correct? Explain.

Question 50

Terrorists employ agitational, coercive, and organizational objectives.Take the 9/11 case and explain how Al Qaeda fulfilled these three objectives in its attack on America.