Deck 40: Physical Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the Respiratory Membrane

Question 1

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Following Questions :Consider a patient with an anatomical dead space of 100 mL, a normal respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and a normal tidal volume of 600 mL under resting conditions. Match each of the conditions in questions 7-9 with the correct set of changes. Answers may be used more than once.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Following Questions :Consider a patient with an anatomical dead space of 100 mL, a normal respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and a normal tidal volume of 600 mL under resting conditions. Match each of the conditions in questions 7-9 with the correct set of changes. Answers may be used more than once.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Following Questions :Consider a patient with an anatomical dead space of 100 mL, a normal respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and a normal tidal volume of 600 mL under resting conditions. Match each of the conditions in questions 7-9 with the correct set of changes. Answers may be used more than once.

Question 5

A human experiment is being performed where forearm blood flow is being measured under a variety of conditions. The forearm is warmed, resulting in an increase in blood flow. Which of the following occurs?

Question 6

Following Questions :Consider a patient with an anatomical dead space of 100 mL, a normal respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and a normal tidal volume of 600 mL under resting conditions. Match each of the conditions in questions 7-9 with the correct set of changes. Answers may be used more than once.
Blood gas measurements in a patient on room air indicates that his systemic arterial oxygen content is normal (19.5 ml O₂/100 ml blood), but his systemic venous oxygen content is low (6 ml O₂/100 ml blood). This is characteristic of which of the following?

A)V/Q less than normal
B)An increase in physiological dead space
C)Pulmonary edema
D)Low hemoglobin concentration
E)Low cardiac output

Question 7

Question 8

Following Questions :Consider a patient with an anatomical dead space of 100 mL, a normal respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and a normal tidal volume of 600 mL under resting conditions. Match each of the conditions in questions 7-9 with the correct set of changes. Answers may be used more than once.
For a patient at sea level (barometric pressure = 760 mm Hg) and breathing 40%, oxygen calculate alveolar pO₂ is which of the following?

A)149
B)159
C)235
D)285
E)304

Question 9

Question 10

A child has been eating M&Ms (plain) and inhaled one down his airway, blocking his left bronchiole. Which of the following will describe the changes that occur?

Question 11

If alveolar surface area is decreased 50% and pulmonary edema leads to a doubling of diffusion distance, how does diffusion of oxygen compare with normal?

A)25% increase
B)50% increase
C)25% decrease
D)50% decrease
E)75% decrease

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Following Questions :Consider a patient with an anatomical dead space of 100 mL, a normal respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, and a normal tidal volume of 600 mL under resting conditions. Match each of the conditions in questions 7-9 with the correct set of changes. Answers may be used more than once.
A patient has a normal oxygen partial pressure and content in pulmonary venous blood but his systemic arterial blood shows a significantly lower than normal oxygen partial pressure and content. This is diagnostic of which of the following?

A)Diffusion limitation
B)Right-to-left shunt
C)Pulmonary ventilation/perfusion nonuniformity
D)Stagnant hypoxia (low cardiac output)