Deck 38: Pulmonary Ventilation

Question 1

Following Questions : Use the following figure to answer questions 7-9.
Which of the following is true regarding residual volume?

A)It is part of the expiratory reserve volume
B)It is part of vital capacity
C)It cannot be measured directly with a spirometer
D)It represents the resting volume of the lungs
E)It is the volume at which the lungs tend to recoil outward

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following tend to decrease airway resistance?

A)Asthma
B)Stimulation by sympathetic fibers
C)Treatment with acetylcholine
D)Exhalation to residual volume

Answer 2

B
B

Question 3

Before inspiration, alveolar pressure is 0 and intrapleural pressure is -5 cm H2O. At the end of an inspiration in a healthy person, with the glottis open, these readings would be:

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of the following lung volumes or capacities cannot be determined with a simple spirometer?

A)Vital capacity
B)Expiratory reserve volume
C)Inspiratory reserve volume
D)Tidal volume
E)Functional residual capacity

Question 5

Following Questions : Use the following figure to answer questions 7-9.
Assuming a respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, calculate the minute ventilation.

A)1 L/min
B)2 L/min
C)4 L/min
D)5 L/min
E)6 L/min

Question 6

Which of the following would be expected to increase the measured airway resistance?

A)Stimulation of parasympathetic nerves to the lungs
B)Low lung volumes
C)Release of histamine by mast cells
D)Forced expirations
E)All of the above

Question 7

A 34-year-old man sustains a bullet wound to the chest that causes a pneumothorax. Which of the following best describe the changes in lung volume and thoracic volume in this man compared with normal?

Question 8

Question 9

Following Questions : Use the following figure to answer questions 7-9.
Assuming the same respiratory rate of 12 breaths/min, calculate the alveolar ventilation.

A)3 L/min
B)4 L/min
C)6 L/min
D)12 L/min
E)Do not have enough information to calculate alveolar ventilation

Question 10

Following Questions : Use the following figure to answer questions 7-9.
A preterm infant has a surfactant deficiency. Without surfactant, many of the alveoli collapse at the end of each expiration, which in turn leads to pulmonary failure. Which set of changes is present in the preterm infant compared with a normal infant?

Question 11

A 50-year-old man participates in a marathon. Which muscle(s) are being used for inspiration during the marathon?

A)Gastrocnemius
B)Internal intercostals
C)Abdominals
D)External intercostals

Question 12

Calculate the minute ventilation and the alveolar ventilation for a patient with a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/minute, a tidal volume of 600 mL, and a dead space of 150 mL.

Question 13

Following Questions : Use the following figure to answer questions 7-9.
What is the residual volume?

A)1,000 mL
B)1,500 mL
C)2,000 mL
D)2,500 mL
E)5,000 mL

Question 14

Following Questions : Use the following figure to answer questions 7-9.
A group of students is trying to see who can generate the highest expiratory flow. Which muscle is most effective at producing a maximal effort?

A)Diaphragm
B)Internal intercostals
C)External intercostals
D)Rectus abdominis
E)Sternocleidomastoid