Question 1

The reward center is located in which of the following structures?&#10;A)Amygdala&#10;B)Dorsal raphe nucleus&#10;C)Periaqueductal gray region&#10;D)Tissue surrounding medial forebrain bundle

Accepted Answer

The reward center is primarily located in the tissue surrounding the medial forebrain bundle, which is responsible for the pleasure and reward pathways in the brain. The amygdala, dorsal raphe nucleus, and periaqueductal gray region are also involved in various emotions and behaviors, but not specifically the reward system.

Question 2

In which structure does the major output from the limbic system originate?&#10;A)Hypothalamus&#10;B)Hippocampus&#10;C)Amygdala&#10;D)Mammillary body

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is the primary output center for the limbic system, controlling a variety of physiological and behavioral responses. While the hippocampus and amygdala are important structures within the limbic system, they do not serve as the primary output center. Mammillary bodies are involved in memory processing, but their role in limbic system output is secondary.

Question 3

A neurophysiology experiment is conducted in monkeys in which the amygdalae are surgically ablated bilaterally. Which of the following is most likely to be increased 6 months after ablation?&#10;A)Despondence&#10;B)Memory&#10;C)Paranoia&#10;D)Sex drive&#10;E)Tremors

Accepted Answer

The amygdala is involved in the processing of emotions, including fear and pleasure. Surgical ablation of the amygdalae can lead to a reduction in fear and aggression, potentially resulting in an increase in behaviors that are normally inhibited by these emotions, such as sex drive.

Question 4

A lesion of the lateral area of the hypothalamus would be expected to result in which of the following conditions or symptoms?&#10;A)Weight loss&#10;B)Weight gain&#10;C)Hyperaldosteronism&#10;D)Temperature dysregulation

Accepted Answer

The lateral area of the hypothalamus is involved in promoting feeding behavior. A lesion in this area would likely lead to anorexia or reduced food intake, resulting in weight loss.

Question 5

Which of the statements concerning the function of the amygdala is correct?&#10;A)The amygdala functions in behavior awareness at the semiconscious level&#10;B)The amygdala functions to project into the limbic system an individual's status with respect to the surroundings and current thoughts&#10;C)The amygdala helps to pattern behavior appropriate for each occasion&#10;D)All of the above are correct

Accepted Answer

All of the statements concerning the function of the amygdala are correct. The amygdala is involved in behavior awareness at the semiconscious level, projecting an individual's status with respect to the surroundings and current thoughts into the limbic system, and helping to pattern behavior appropriate for each occasion.

Question 6

The neurons located in the locus coeruleus release which neurotransmitter?&#10;A)Norepinephrine&#10;B)Serotonin&#10;C)Dopamine&#10;D)Acetylcholine

Accepted Answer

The neurons located in the locus coeruleus release norepinephrine, which is involved in the regulation of attention, arousal, and mood.

Question 7

The gigantocellular neurons of the reticular formation release which of the following neurotransmitters?&#10;A)Norepinephrine&#10;B)Serotonin&#10;C)Dopamine&#10;D)Acetylcholine

Accepted Answer

The gigantocellular neurons of the reticular formation primarily release acetylcholine.

Question 8

Which neuropsychiatric disorder is thought to be the result of an excess of the neurotransmitter dopamine?&#10;A)Schizophrenia&#10;B)Major depressive disorder&#10;C)Mania&#10;D)Bipolar disorder

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is thought to be caused by an excess of dopamine activity in certain brain regions, which can result in symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.

Question 9

Which of the following are paired correctly?&#10;A)Major depressive disorder and locus coeruleus&#10;B)Schizophrenia and raphe nucleus&#10;C)Excess dopamine and mania&#10;D)All of the above are paired correctly

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are paired correctly?&#10;A)Major...

Question 10

The punishment center is located in which of the following structures?&#10;A)Amygdala&#10;B)Dorsal raphe nucleus&#10;C)Periaqueductal gray region&#10;D)Tissue surrounding medial forebrain bundle

Accepted Answer

The punishment center is located in the tissue surrounding the medial forebrain bundle. This area is responsible for reinforcing negative behaviors and punishing actions that result in undesirable outcomes. the amygdala, dorsal raphe nucleus, and periaqueductal gray region have other functions in the brain.

Question 11

Stimulation of the periventricular nucleus in an animal will most likely result in which type of neurological response?&#10;A)Fear and punishment reactions&#10;B)An increase in appetite&#10;C)Decreased vegetative functions&#10;D)Coma

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stimulation of the periventricular nucleus in an...

Question 12

In an otherwise normal individual, dysfunction of which brain area will lead to behavior that is not appropriate for a given social occasion?&#10;A)Ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus&#10;B)Amygdala&#10;C)Corpus callosum&#10;D)Fornix

Accepted Answer

The answer of In an otherwise normal individual, dysfunction of...

Deck 59: Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brainthe Limbic System and the Hypothalamus