Deck 5: Decisions

Question 1

Assuming that a user enters 15 as input, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)There is no output due to compilation errors.
B)The number is LARGE!
C)The number is SMALL!
D)The number is LARGE!
The number is SMALL!

Answer 1

The number is SMALL!

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true about the if statement?

A)The if statement can have only one condition that evaluates to an integer value.
B)The if block is optional.
C)The else block is optional.
D)The if and else blocks should always be included within curly braces.

Answer 2

The else block is optional.

Question 3

A store provides 10 percent discount on all items with a price of at least $100.No discount is otherwise applicable.Which of the following DOES NOT correctly compute the discount?

A) double discount =0;
if ( price >=100)
{
discount =0.10^{*} price;
}
B) double discount =0.10 * price;
if ( price <=100)
{
discount =0;
}
C) double discount;
if (price <100 )
{
discount =0;
}
else
{
discount =0.10* price;
}
D) double discount =10;
if ( price >=100)
{
discount =0.1 * price;
}
else
{
discount =0;
}

Answer 3

double discount =0.10 * price;
if ( price <=100)
{
discount =0;
}

Question 4

Consider the following code snippet.What is the potential problem with the if statement?

A)Using == to test the double variable average for equality is error-prone.
B)The conditional will not evaluate to a Boolean value.
C)The assignment operator should not be used within an if-statement conditional.
D)Literals should never be used in if statement conditionals.

Question 5

What is the best way to improve the following code fragment?

A)Move the duplicated code outside of the if statement
B)Shorten variable names
C)Move the brackets to save several lines of code
D)Add semicolons after the if condition and the else reserved word

Question 6

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)Minimum income requirement is not met.
B)Maximum income limit is exceeded.
C)Income requirement is met.
D)There is no output.

Question 7

Assuming that the user provides 99 as input, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)a: 0
B)a: 99
C)a: 100
D)a: 300

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct syntax for an if statement?

A) if (x<10) {size = "Small"; }
else (x<20) {size = "Medium"; }
B) if (x<10) ;{ size =" Small"; }
else (x<20) {size = "Medium"; }
C) if (x<10) {size =" Sma11 " ;}
else { size = "Medium";}
D) if { size ="Small"; }
else (x<20) {size = "Medium"; }

Question 9

What kind of operator is the <= operator?

A)Ternary
B)Arithmetic
C)Inequality
D)Relational

Question 10

Suppose one needs an if statement to check whether an integer variable pitch is equal to 440 (which is the frequency of the note "A" to which strings and orchestras tune).Which condition is correct?

A)if (pitch - 440 = 0)
B)if ((pitch !< 440) && (pitch !> 440))
C)if (pitch = 440)
D)if (pitch == 440)

Question 11

Which statement about an if statement is true?

A)The condition in an if statement using relational operators will evaluate to a Boolean result
B)The condition in an if statement should make exact comparisons to floating-point numbers
C)The condition in an if statement should always evaluate to true
D)The condition in an if statement should never include integer variables

Question 12

What is the output of the following code snippet if the input is 25?

A)24
B)25
C)26
D)27

Question 13

Assuming that the user provides 303 as input, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)x: 0
B)x: 300
C)x: 303
D)There is no output due to compilation errors.

Question 14

What is the syntax error in the following if statement?

A)There should be an "else" condition
B)The condition does not evaluate to a Boolean value
C)The variable count should be part of the string
D)It is never possible to use the "/" operator in an if statement

Question 15

Which of the following statements is (are) true about an if statement?
I.It guarantees that several statements are always executed in a specified order.
II.It repeats a set of statements as long as the condition is true.
III.It allows the program to carry out

A)I only
B)II only
C)III only
D)I, II, III

Question 16

Which of the following statements is correct about an if statement?

A)You must use braces if the body of an if statement contains only a single statement.
B)You can omit an else statement if there is no task defined in the else branch.
C)You cannot use braces if the body of an if statement contains only a single statement.
D)The number of opening braces can be

Question 17

Which of the following operators is used as a relational operator?

A)=<
B)<=
C)=
D)!

Question 18

What are the two parts of an if statement?

A)A condition and a body
B)A check and an increment
C)An increment and a body
D)An increment and a return value

Question 19

The operator !> stands for

A)not less than.
B)not greater than.
C)not equal to.
D)this is not an operator in Java

Question 20

The following code snippet contains an error.What is the error?

A)Syntax error (won't compile)
B)Logical error: use of an uninitialized variable
C)Logical error: if statement has do-nothing statement after if condition
D)Logical error: assignment statement does not show equality

Question 21

What is the output of the statements below?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 22

What is the output of the statements below?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 23

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)There is no output due to compilation errors.
B)500
C)Not 500
D)500.

Question 24

Which of the following operators is NOT a relational operator?

A)<=
B)+=
C)!=
D)==

Question 25

A store applies a 15 percent service charge on all items with a price of at least $150.No service charge is otherwise applicable.Which of the following DOES NOT correctly compute the service charge?

A) double servicecharge =0;
if (cos t>=150)
{
serviceCharge =0.15 * cost;
}
B) double serviceCharge =0.15^* cost;
if (cos t<=150)
{
serviceCharge =0;
}
C) double serviceCharge;
if (cost<150)
{
serviceCharge =0;
}
else
{
serviceCharge =0.15 * cost;
}
D) double servicecharge =15;
if (cost>=150)
{
serviceCharge =0.15 * cost;
}
else
{
serviceCharge =0;
}

Question 26

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)his
B)hiscycle
C)cycle
D)There is no output due to compilation errors.

Question 27

What is the output of the statements below?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 28

Assuming that the user provides 49 as input, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)x: 0
B)x: 49
C)x: 50
D)There is no output due to compilation errors.

Question 29

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)There is no output due to compilation errors.
B)100
C)Not 100
D)100.
E)Not 100.

Question 30

The two strings "Aardvark" and "Aardvandermeer" are exactly the same up to the first six letters.What is their correct lexicographical ordering?

A)They cannot be compared lexicographically unless they are the same length
B)"Aardvandermeer" is first, then "Aardvark"
C)"Aardvark" is first, then "Aardvandermeer"
D)The shorter word is always first

Question 31

Which code snippet will always output "Yes!" when s1 and s2 are two strings the contain the same sequence of characters?

A) if (s1=s2)
{
System. out. println ("Yes!");
}
B) if (s1==s2)
{
System. out.println ("Yes!");
}
C) if (s1.equals (s2))
{
System. out.println ("Yes!");
}
D) if (s1 .compareTo (s2)==1)
{
System. out. println ("Yes!");
}

Question 32

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)her
B)hercart
C)cart
D)carther

Question 33

Which if statement is true when the length of string s1 is greater than 42?

A)if (s1.length() > 42)
B)if (s1.length() != 42)
C)if (42 > s1.length())
D)if (42 != s1.length())

Question 34

Assuming that the user provides 3 as input, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)x: 2
B)x: 4
C)x: 6
D)There is no output due to compilation errors.

Question 35

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)49
B)50
C)51
D)52

Question 36

What is the conditional required to check whether the length of a string s1 is odd?

A)if ((s1.length() % 2) == 0)
B)if ((s1.length() % 2) != 0)
C)if ((s1.length() / 2))
D)if ((s1.length() * 2))

Question 37

What is the output of the statements below?

A)One
B)OneThree
C)TwoThree
D)OneTwoThree

Question 38

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)There is no output due to compilation errors.
B)You are wise!
C)You have much to learn!
D)You are wise!
You have much to learn!

Question 39

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)Minimum salary requirement is not met.
B)Maximum salary limit is exceeded.
C)Salary requirement is met.
D)There is no output.

Question 40

Which condition, when supplied in the if statement below in place of (...), will correctly protect against division by zero?

A)(grade == 0)
B)((grade / num) == 0)
C)(num == 0)
D)(num != 0)

Question 41

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)27
B)28
C)29
D)30

Question 42

What is the value of the price variable after the following code snippet is executed?

A)42
B)52
C)84
D)64

Question 43

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)123

Question 44

Which of the following conditions can be added to the code below so it will assign the larger value of two integer variables a and b to the integer variable maximum?

A)a == b
B)b > a
C)a > b
D)a.compareTo (b) > 0

Question 45

Assuming that a user enters 5 as the value for num, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)0
B)9
C)5
D)11

Question 46

Which of the following conditions will correctly check if the String variable early comes before "middle" alphabetically?

A)if (greeting <= "middle")
B)if (greeting.compareTo("middle") > 0)
C)if (greeting.compareTo("middle") == 0)
D)if (early.compareTo("middle") < 0)

Question 47

Assuming that the user enters 60 as the input, what is the output after running the following code snippet?

A)Too small!
B)Intermediate!
C)High!
D)Too high!

Question 48

Which of the following conditions is true exactly when the integer variable number is even?

A)number / 2 == 0
B)number > 2
C)number / 2 > 1
D)number % 2 == 0

Question 49

Which observation about the switch statement in Java is true?

A)The switch statement is like a sequence of if statements that compares a single value against several constant alternatives.
B)The switch statement is a compound statement that tests all branches against different variables.
C)The switch statement requires compound Boolean expressions as alternatives.
D)The switch statement is no longer valid in the most recent version of Java.

Question 50

Which of the following conditions is true exactly when the integer variables a, b, and c contain three different values?

A)(a != b) && (a != c) && (b != c)
B)(a != b) || (a != c) || (b != c)
C)!((a == b) && (b == c) && (a == c))
D)a != b != c

Question 51

Consider the following code snippet.Assuming that the user enters first 20 and then 12 as the two input values, what is the output of the code snippet?

A)num1 = 20 num2 = 12 num3 = 20 num4 = 20 num5 = 0
B)num1 = 20 num2 = 12 num3 = 12 num4 = 0 num5 = 20
C)num1 = 20 num2 = 12 num3 = 12 num4 = 20 num5 = 0
D)num1 = 20 num2 = 12 num3 = 20 num4 = 0 num5 = 20

Question 52

Suppose you want to write an if statement with multiple alternatives to print out someone's tax bracket based on their income.Assume the integer variable income holds the annual income.What is wrong with the following if statement?

A)The conditions are in the wrong order; the check for the highest bracket should be first
B)The conditions should use an if/ else if/else sequence, not just independent if statements
C)The conditions should be a switch statement instead
D)Nothing is wrong - the if statement will correctly print out the correct tax brackets

Question 53

Consider a situation where multiple if statements are combined into a chain to evaluate a complex condition.Which of the following reserved words is used to define the branch to be executed when none of the conditions are true?

A)if
B)else if
C)else
D)All of the above items

Question 54

Consider the following code snippet.Assuming that the user inputs 75 as the age, what is the output?

A)Impressively old
B)Child Young adult Old
C)Young adult Old
D)Child Young adult Old Impressively old

Question 55

What is the output of the statements below?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)7

Question 56

Which of the following conditions will correctly check if the String variable greeting is "bonjour"?

A)if (greeting == "bonjour")
B)if (greeting.compareTo("bonjour") < 0)
C)if (greeting.equals("bonjour"))
D)if (greeting.compareTo("bonjour") > 0)

Question 57

What is the output of the statements below?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Question 58

In a switch statement, if a break statement is missing

A)the break happens at the end of each branch by default
B)the statement will not compile
C)execution falls through the next branch until a break statement is reached
D)the default case is automatically executed

Question 59

Which of the following conditions is true exactly when the integer variable middle is between the values 0 and 10?

A)(0 <= middle) && (middle <= 10)
B)0 <= middle <= 10
C)(0 <= middle) || (middle <= 10)
D)(0 <= 10) && (middle <= 10)

Question 60

Consider the following code snippet: Assuming that the user input is 40, which block of statements is executed?

A)if (number > 30) { ...}
B)else if (number > 20) { ...}
C)else if (number > 10) { ...}
D)else { ...}

Question 61

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A) Petite
B) Petite
Small
C) Small
Medium
D) Medium
Large

Question 62

Consider the following code snippet.What is the output?

A)You need to practice!
B)Almost respectable!You hit triple digits!
C)You hit triple digits!Impressive!
D)Almost respectable!You hit triple digits!Impressive!

Question 63

Which of the following statements is true about the "nested if" structure?

A)It cannot have any else branches at all.
B)It allows multiple else branches in a single if statement.
C)It allows one if statement within another if statement.
D)It does not allow more than one if statement nested within another if statement.

Question 64

Which of the following options correctly represents a "nested if" structure?

A) if (cost<70)
{
if ( tax_rate <0.10) {. . .}
}
B) If (cost<70) {. . .}
if ( tax_rate <0.10) {. . .}
C) If (cos t<70) {...}
else {. . .}
if (tax_rate <0.10) {. . .}
D) if (cost<70) {...}
{
else
{
if ( tax_rate <0.10) {. . . }
}
}

Question 65

What is the output of the following code snippet?
int x = 25;
if (x < 100)
{
x = x + 5;
}
if (x < 500)
{
x = x - 2;
}
if (x > 10)
{
x++;
}
else
{
x--;
}
System.out.println(x);

A)27
B)28
C)29
D)30

Question 66

What is the value of num after you run the following code snippet?

A)99
B)100
C)101
D)102

Question 67

What is the output after running the following code snippet?

A)Low spender
B)Spending in moderation
C)Above average!
D)High Roller!

Question 68

What is the value of the magicPowers variable after executing the following code snippet?

A)Golden sword Shining lantern Magic beans
B)Shining lantern Magic beans
C)Magic beans
D)An empty string

Question 69

If the user enters 22 as the price of an object, which of the following hand-trace tables is valid for this code snippet?

A)
B)
C)
D)

Question 70

What is the value of the cost variable after the following code snippet is executed?

A)82
B)92
C)184
D)164

Question 71

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)Astounding!
B)Professional!
C)Pretty good!
D)Keep your day job!

Question 72

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)95
B)100
C)105
D)110

Question 73

What is the output of the following code snippet?

A)F
B)C
C)B
D)FCB

Question 74

An if statement inside another if statement is called a

A)switch statement
B)nested if statement
C)break statement
D)syntax error, since that is not permitted in Java

Question 75

To which of the following coding techniques can hand-tracing be applied?

A)Pseudocode
B)Java code
C)Both pseudocode and Java code
D)Neither pseudocode nor Java code

Question 76

Which of the following options refers to the technique of simulating program execution on a sheet of paper?

A)Compiling
B)Prototyping
C)Hand-Tracing
D)Debugging

Question 77

Assuming that a user enters 10, 20, and 30 as input values one after another, separated by spaces, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A)0
B)10
C)20
D)30

Question 78

Assuming that a user enters 5 as the age, what is the output of the following code snippet?

A) Kid
B) Kid
Young
C) Kid
YoungAged
D) Kid
YoungAgedold

Question 79

When an if statement is nested inside another if statement, it creates the possibility of

A)an infinite loop
B)the misuse of the break statement
C)type mismatch
D)the dangling else

Question 80

A company applies a discount based on the size of the order.If the order is over $50, the discount is 5%.If the order is over $100, the discount is 10%.Otherwise, there is no discount.If the integer variable order contains the size of the order, which of the following will assign the double variable discount the correct value?

A) if (order > 100)
discount =0.10;
else if (order > 50)
discount =0.05;
else
discount =0;
B) If (order > 100)
discount =0.10;
if (order > 50)
discount =0.05;
else
discount =0;
C) if (order > 100)
discount =0.10;
if (order >50 )
discount =0.05;
if (order <=50 )
discount =0;
D) if (order > 50)
discount =0.05;
else if (order > 100)
discount =0.10;
else
discount =0;