Deck 29: America During Its Longest War, 1963-1974

Question 1

The campaign of sustained bombing launched by Lyndon Johnson against North Vietnam in 1964 was known as

A) "Rolling Thunder."
B) "Agent Orange."
C) "Operation Jungle."
D) "Operation Desert Storm."
E) "Operation Overlord."

Answer 1

"Rolling Thunder."

Question 2

Which of the following was not part of the Great Society agenda?

A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) Department of Housing and Urban Development
D) Community Action Program
E) Peace Corps

Answer 2

Peace Corps

Question 3

The opponent to Richard Nixon in the 1972 presidential election was

A) Edmund Muskie.
B) Lyndon Johnson.
C) Edward Kennedy.
D) Jimmy Carter.
E) George McGovern.

Answer 3

George McGovern.

Question 4

The congressional act that was tantamount to a declaration of war against North Vietnam was the

A) Geneva Accords.
B) Paris Peace Treaty.
C) Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.
D) Vietnam War Resolution.
E) Rolling Thunder Resolution.

Question 5

The large-scale riots that garnered national attention in 1965 occurred in

A) Watts (Los Angeles)
B) St.Louis.
C) San Francisco.
D) the Bronx.
E) Dallas.

Question 6

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 included new provisions that

A) guaranteed the right to vote to black Americans.
B) guaranteed the right to vote to women.
C) proposed federal remedies for fighting job discrimination.
D) protected women in the workplace.
E) reinforced states rights.

Question 7

The author of the expose on auto safety titled Unsafe at Any Speed was

A) Ralph Nader.
B) Betty Friedan.
C) Earl Warren.
D) George Wallace.
E) John Kenneth Galbraith

Question 8

All of the following were undertaken under the Nixon administration regarding the environment except

A) creation of the Environmental Protection Agency.
B) the federal government officially sponsoring Earth Day.
C) passage of the Clean Air Act of 1970.
D) expanding national parks and wilderness areas.
E) passage of the Endangered species Act of 1973.

Question 9

The SALT I talks, begun in 1969, were held between the

A) United States and Vietnam.
B) United States and China.
C) United States and Cuba.
D) United States and the Soviet Union.
E) Soviet Union and China.

Question 10

The North Vietnamese military attack of 1968 that destroyed the myth of American progress in Vietnam was the

A) Tet Offensive.
B) Laos Offensive.
C) Battle of Dien Bien Phu.
D) Battle for Hanoi.
E) Cambodia Offensive.

Question 11

The Republican judge who was unyielding in the search for justice following the Watergate break-in was

A) Earl Warren.
B) Warren Burger.
C) Thurgood Marshall.
D) John Sirica.
E) Felix Frankfurter

Question 12

In 1970, President Richard Nixon escalated the war in Indochina by invading ____, a supposedly neutral nation.

A) Thailand
B) Laos
C) Burma
D) Cambodia
E) China

Question 13

The "New Left" organization that launched its political efforts in 1962 with the Port Huron Statement was the

A) Youth International Party (YIPPIES).
B) Students for a Democratic Society (SDS).
C) Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC).
D) Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC).
E) Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

Question 14

In 1972, President Richard Nixon broke with the past with his dramatic and historic visit to

A) Cuba.
B) China.
C) Vietnam.
D) the Vatican.
E) Brazil.

Question 15

The landslide winner of the 1972 presidential election was

A) Gerald Ford.
B) Jimmy Carter.
C) Richard Nixon.
D) Ronald Reagan.
E) Lyndon Johnson.

Question 16

Four students were killed by National Guard troops in 1970 at the ____ campus during an antiwar demonstration.

A) Columbia
B) Berkeley
C) Stanford
D) Kent State
E) the University of Texas

Question 17

The Republican nominee for the presidency in 1964 was

A) Lyndon B.Johnson.
B) Barry Goldwater.
C) Richard Nixon.
D) George Wallace.
E) Dwight Eisenhower.

Question 18

The charismatic black Muslim leader who challenged the nonviolent approach of Dr.Martin Luther King, Jr.was

A) Elijah Muhammad.
B) Malcolm X.
C) Stokely Carmichael.
D) Louis Farrakhan.
E) Jesse Jackson.

Question 19

The winner of the 1964 presidential election was

A) Lyndon B.Johnson.
B) Richard M.Nixon.
C) John F.Kennedy.
D) Gerald Ford.
E) Barry Goldwater.

Question 20

The Pentagon Papers were highly critical of which of the following?

A) Medicare
B) American involvement in Vietnam
C) The investigation of the JFK assassination
D) Head Start Program
E) Federal government's response to antiwar protesters

Question 21

In the 1964 presidential campaign, Senator Barry Goldwater

A) criticized Lyndon Johnson's foreign policy as too aggressive.
B) was the only Republican senator to vote in favor of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
C) was characterized by critics as a fanatical, reactionary extremist.
D) believed that the federal government had exclusive enforcement powers in issues of individual rights.
E) strongly supported the Social Security program.

Question 22

Lyndon Johnson secured passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 by

A) appealing to the public with a televised "fireside chat."
B) gaining support from leading Republicans in Congress.
C) persuading southern congressmen that segregation was morally wrong.
D) promising segregationists that enforcement of the law would be left entirely in the hands of state officials.
E) getting the support of the Supreme Court.

Question 23

Which of the following was not part of the "black power" crusade?

A) a new emphasis on African-American culture and heritage
B) establishment of self-defense groups to protect African Americans from police harassment
C) demands for the release of African-American prisoners
D) continuation of nonviolent protests against segregation
E) guaranteed employment for all citizens

Question 24

Lyndon B Johnson's advice on how to handle American involvement in Vietnam can best be described as

A) consistent.
B) clear.
C) simple.
D) multiple voices saying the same thing.
E) complicated and conflicting.

Question 25

Johnson's Great Society was criticized for all of the following reasons except

A) not including a tax cut to provide money for business investment.
B) creating large federal deficits that conservatives believed would slow economic growth.
C) not attempting to radically redistribute wealth and income.
D) relying too heavily on bureaucratic professionals rather than grassroots activists to design and implement programs.
E) directing money into unproductive social experiments.

Question 26

During Richard Nixon's presidency, the U.S.economy experienced

A) the first trade deficit of the twentieth century.
B) the lowest unemployment rate since the 1920s.
C) a decrease in prices and an increase in the buying power of the average American.
D) a significant increase in overall standards of living.
E) a period of peace abroad and prosperity at home.

Question 27

Which of the following best characterizes the reason the United States sent ground troops to Vietnam and became involved in the Vietnam War?

A) Johnson promised that if he was elected in 1964, he would commit land troops to battle.
B) Johnson feared his domestic programs would be undermined if the Communists won in Vietnam.
C) Johnson considered Vietnam strategically necessary to protect the Philippines.
D) The Joint Chiefs of Staff assured Johnson that U.S.troops could easily win the war.
E) Congress declared war after a lengthy public debate.

Question 28

Richard Nixon's policy of détente toward the Soviet Union and China was characterized by

A) continuous confrontation and hostility.
B) heavy U.S.investment, land purchases, and economic influence.
C) threats to use nuclear weapons.
D) a return to the isolationist position of the 1920s and 1930s.
E) accommodation, easing of tensions, and establishment of moderately friendly relations

Question 29

Lyndon Johnson's policy in Vietnam

A) demoralized North Vietnam and brought about "a peace with honor."
B) abandoned South Vietnam to "go it alone" in the war against communism.
C) outlawed the use of chemical weapons and fire bombs.
D) instituted the use of napalm.
E) won overwhelming support in the U.S.

Question 30

Which of the following was true of Lyndon Johnson?

A) Like John F Kennedy, Johnson was sophisticated, urbane, and charismatic.
B) He tried to create a consensus in support of his policies by using flattery and threats.
C) He hated paperwork and was bored by legislative details.
D) He had held only one elective office before he became president of the United States.
E) He was ineffective in dealing with Congress.

Question 31

Conservatives believed that the United States "lost" the Vietnam War because

A) the military did not rely enough on bombing.
B) the North Vietnamese army greatly outnumbered U.S.troops in most battles.
C) the media, student protesters, and a weak-willed Congress undermined the war effort.
D) the Defense Department was incompetent and had no realistic goals or plans for victory.
E) U.S.troops were cowards.

Question 32

On August 9, 1974, President Richard Nixon became the only president in U.S.history to

A) be impeached.
B) be indicted.
C) resign.
D) be sent to jail.
E) refuse to leave after his removal from office.

Question 33

All of the following are true of Freedom Summer except

A) three civil rights workers died in Mississippi.
B) part of the goal was to register black voters.
C) it was organized by SNCC.
D) there were other issues in addition to voting that were addressed.
E) they had the full support and protection of the government.

Question 34

Richard Nixon was

A) an aggressive, ruthless campaigner and hardline anticommunist whose presidency increased polarization and conflict in U.S.society.
B) a pacifist Quaker who always opposed the Vietnam War.
C) a friendly, charming personality who avoided confrontations whenever possible.
D) a trained economist who virtually ended unemployment and inflation during his presidency.
E) an inexperienced politician.

Question 35

The year 1968 was significant for all of the following reasons except

A) both Martin Luther King, Jr.and Robert Kennedy were assassinated.
B) Lyndon Johnson announced he would not seek reelection so he could devote his time to ending the Vietnam War.
C) antiwar demonstrators and the Chicago police rioted at the Democratic Convention.
D) Lyndon Johnson won the war on poverty.
E) Richard Nixon was elected President.

Question 36

The Civil Rights Act of 1964

A) attempted to fight job discrimination.
B) prohibited discrimination in public accommodations.
C) barred discrimination based on gender.
D) established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
E) all of these choices

Question 37

Student dissidents of the 1960s

A) abandoned the civil rights movement when the Vietnam War heated up.
B) were mostly Communists who hoped to destroy capitalism in the United States.
C) held "teach-ins" and draft-card burnings to protest the rigidity of U.S.institutions and traditions.
D) came mostly from the lower socioeconomic strata of American society.
E) supported U.S.foreign policy.

Question 38

The Johnson administration evaluated the success of the U.S.effort in Vietnam on the basis of

A) public demonstrations in support of the war.
B) diplomatic progress made between the North and South Vietnamese governments.
C) the amount of enemy territory seized by U.S.troops each month.
D) the weekly tally or "body count" of enemy dead.
E) the number of prisoners of war taken.

Question 39

Which of the following was not part of Lyndon Johnson's "war on poverty" or Great Society?

A) Head Start program
B) "just say no" campaign
C) model cities program
D) community action program
E) legal services program

Question 40

During the "Freedom Summer" of 1964,

A) the FBI gathered information for Johnson to use to discredit southern segregationists.
B) civil rights legislation was included in the Republican Party platform.
C) Lyndon Johnson used his influence to support the dissident "Freedom Democratic Party" at the Democratic Convention.
D) students marched on Washington to protest the Vietnam War.
E) almost a thousand volunteers from various states helped register black voters in Mississippi.

Question 41

Vietnamization refers to

A) LBJ's commitment to escalating US involvement in Vietnam.
B) the use of napalm in Vietnam.
C) the psychological impact of returning veterans from Vietnam.
D) Nixon's policy to withdraw from Vietnam.
E) the influence of Ho Chi Minh on the American Communist Party.

Question 42

Martin Luther King, Jr.was assassinated in

A) Los Angeles.
B) Chicago.
C) Atlanta.
D) Memphis.
E) Dallas.

Question 43

The most emotional rights-related cases of the Warren Court involved

A) civil rights.
B) abortion rights.
C) women's rights.
D) rights of persons accused of violent crimes.
E) immigrant rights.

Question 44

Two African-American students were killed by law-enforcement officials following an antiwar protest rally at Jackson State College in 1970.

Question 45

The Great Society proved a failure from the perspective of political viability.

Question 46

Rachel Carson's Silent Spring

A) launched the free speech movement of the 1960s.
B) helped initiate the women's movement.
C) raised public awareness about the continuing problem of poverty in America.
D) raised concerns about the use of pesticides in agriculture.
E) was a best-selling romance novel.

Question 47

The MFDP

A) was a political party founded an organized by African Americans in Mississippi.
B) was a violent backlash to Freedom Summer.
C) was LBJ's greatest civil rights legislation.
D) was founded by Martin Luther King Jr.
E) represented a serious challenge to the Democratic Party by Republicans.

Question 48

The primary reason for SALT I's negligible impact on the arms race was

A) widespread Soviet violations of the agreed upon limits.
B) widespread American violations of the agreed upon limits.
C) its failure to win public support in the U.S.and the Soviet Union.
D) widespread Soviet and American violations of the agreed upon limits.
E) its failure to limit the number of warheads that each missile could carry

Question 49

The articles of impeachment against Richard Nixon included all of the following except

A) obstruction of justice.
B) lying to Congress.
C) violation of constitutional liberties.
D) refusal to produce evidence requested during the impeachment process.
E) none of these choices

Question 50

The general in charge of the U.S.war effort in Vietnam was Norman Schwartzkopf.

Question 51

The AFDC program was created under which of the following presidents?

A) Nixon
B) Johnson
C) Kennedy
D) Ford
E) Carter

Question 52

The "Great Society" usually is associated with the presidency of John F.Kennedy.

Question 53

Jimmy Carter, a Democrat, immediately succeeded Richard Nixon as president.

Question 54

All of the following were part of the Watergate hearings except

A) John Dean.
B) John Sirica.
C) Archibald Cox.
D) Spiro Agnew.
E) Sam Ervin.

Question 55

James Earl Ray was convicted of killing Dr.Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 56

During Richard Nixon's first year in office, the percentage of federal funds spent on domestic programs

A) remained unchanged.
B) decreased dramatically.
C) fell to zero.
D) decreased slightly.
E) increased steadily.

Question 57

In 1971, Daniel Ellsberg released the "Pentagon Papers," a top-secret study of U.S.involvement in Vietnam, to the press.

Question 58

In Roe v.Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that a state law that declared abortion a criminal offense violated a woman's right to privacy.

Question 59

The chief legal counsel to the president, and the man who linked Richard Nixon to the Watergate cover-up, was John Mitchell.

Question 60

The author of the anti-"war on poverty" book Losing Ground was Charles Murray.

Question 61

Phyllis Schlafly led opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment.

Question 62

Richard Nixon largely ignored the environmental movement.

Question 63

Barry Goldwater's defeat in 1964 demoralized his conservative supporters.

Question 64

Lyndon Johnson's policies expanded the size, role, and power of the federal government at home and abroad.

Question 65

Medicare provides nationally funded medical coverage for low-income citizens.

Question 66

The counterculture and the new Left were the same group of people.

Question 67

Spending on the military sector far outstripped that for social programs.

Question 68

The riot in Watts did not result in a loss of life.

Question 69

The Great Society was never controversial.

Question 70

Increasingly the role of the media has been a factor in the civil rights movement and riots.

Question 71

Richard Nixon won a landslide victory in 1968.

Question 72

Lyndon Johnson considered doubt about the war in Vietnam to be unpatriotic.

Question 73

The Nixon administration's devaluation of the U.S.dollar in 1973 had little impact on the deterioration of U.S.trade balances.

Question 74

It took quite a while for Lyndon Johnson to complete the major goals of JFK's New Frontier.

Question 75

Richard Nixon's "new economic policy" mandated a 90-day freeze on any increase in wages and prices, to be followed by government monitoring to detect excessive increases in either.

Question 76

The "black power" movement of the 1960s rejected integration and called for violent confrontations.

Question 77

Lyndon Johnson received conflicting advice from his advisers about whether to escalate American involvement in Vietnam.

Question 78

The simultaneous increase in both inflation and unemployment, which economists called "stagflation," defied conventional economic thinking.

Question 79

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 dealt with voting rights.

Question 80

The Republican national convention in 1968 occasioned intense rioting and large demonstrations.