Deck 11: Whigs and Democrats

Question 1

The winner of the crowded presidential election of 1824 was

A) Henry Clay.
B) Andrew Jackson.
C) John Quincy Adams.
D) William Crawford.
E) James Monroe.

Answer 1

John Quincy Adams.

Question 2

Senator ____ proposed an amendment to Missouri's application for statehood that forbade slavery in the state.

A) Martin Van Buren
B) David Wilmot
C) Henry Clay
D) Stephen Douglas
E) James Tallmadge

Answer 2

James Tallmadge

Question 3

The author of the Monroe Doctrine was

A) James Monroe.
B) John Quincy Adams.
C) Martin Van Buren.
D) Henry Clay.
E) Andrew Jackson.

Answer 3

John Quincy Adams.

Question 4

The "Force Bill" refers to Andrew Jackson's attempt to

A) remove the Cherokee Indians.
B) reorganize his cabinet.
C) destroy the Second Bank of the United States.
D) impose martial law whenever he desired.
E) prevent South Carolina from nullifying the tariff

Question 5

The "corrupt bargain" of 1824 refers to the deal made between which two statesmen?

A) Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren
B) John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson
C) John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay
D) Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren
E) James Monroe and John Quincy Adams

Question 6

Which of the following did Andrew Jackson hate most?

A) the Second Bank of the United States
B) the House of Representatives
C) the Senate
D) the Supreme Court
E) the Democratic party

Question 7

The "Gag Rule" refers to the congressional attempt to avoid discussing which issue?

A) Indian removal
B) nullification
C) tariffs
D) slavery
E) Sunday mail deliveries

Question 8

In ____, the Supreme Court argued that Georgia state law had no authority over the Indian nations within the state's boundaries.

A) Cherokee Nation v.Georgia
B) Gibbons v.Ogden
C) Worcester v.Georgia
D) Jackson v.Georgia
E) Marbury v.Madison

Question 9

John Quincy Adams's ambitious program for national development called for which of the following?

A) federal money for roads and canals
B) federal money for a national university
C) a high tariff
D) a national astronomical observatory
E) all of these choices

Question 10

Under the "spoils system" Andrew Jackson

A) replaced nearly all executive appointees during his terms in office.
B) chose the best qualified for political positions, regardless of their political affiliation.
C) avoided selecting wealthy men for political office.
D) was decidedly partisan.
E) all of these choices

Question 11

The primary defender of the right of "nullification" was

A) Henry Clay.
B) Daniel Webster.
C) Martin Van Buren.
D) John C.Calhoun.
E) Andrew Jackson.

Question 12

The Tariff of 1828 was known throughout the South as the tariff of

A) horror.
B) hope.
C) abominations.
D) dependence.
E) absurdity.

Question 13

The political party that emerged in the 1830s to oppose Andrew Jackson was the ____ Party.

A) Republican
B) Federalist
C) Whig
D) Know-Nothing
E) Socialist

Question 14

The Monroe Doctrine stated that

A) the United States opposed the independence of the new Latin American republics.
B) the United States was opposed to any further European attempt at colonization in the Americas.
C) the United States could not colonize or annex new territory.
D) the United States would take control of the new Latin American republics.
E) Europe was opposed to any further U.S.expansion in Latin America.

Question 15

The president of the Second Bank of the United States was

A) Nicholas Biddle.
B) Amos Kendall.
C) Frank Blair, Jr.
D) Daniel Webster.
E) Henry Clay.

Question 16

The so-called Thomas Proviso stated that

A) slavery would be forever forbidden in the state of Missouri.
B) each slave would count as three-fifths of a white person for purposes of representation.
C) slavery would be outlawed in territories north of a line extending from the southern border of Missouri to Spanish territory.
D) citizens of a territory could decide for themselves whether to permit slavery.
E) slavery would be forbidden throughout the Louisiana Territory.

Question 17

The winner of the popular vote in the election of 1824, though not the victor in the election, was

A) Henry Clay.
B) Andrew Jackson.
C) John Quincy Adams.
D) William Crawford.
E) James Monroe

Question 18

Which of the following was not a cause of the Panic of 1819?

A) recovery of European agriculture in the early nineteenth century
B) overexpansion of credit by American bankers
C) underproduction by American farmers
D) the hoarding of available specie by European nations
E) revolution and war had cut off the supply of precious metals from Peru and Mexico.

Question 19

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 stated that Native Americans

A) needed to be removed to west of the Mississippi River.
B) needed to be removed, but with no clear destination.
C) needed to be removed to reservations in Canada.
D) needed to be removed to California.
E) were entitled to remain on their ancestral lands.

Question 20

The issue that led to the final and complete break between Andrew Jackson and John C.Calhoun was

A) the tariff of 1830.
B) "nullification."
C) the Peggy Eaton affair.
D) Indian removal.
E) the Bank of the U.S.

Question 21

In response to the nullification crisis, Andrew Jackson

A) asserted the inviolability of the union and of federal control of tariffs and other matters of foreign policy.
B) defended the states' rights position that states were the ultimate judges of constitutional principles.
C) challenged John C.Calhoun to a duel.
D) demanded that Congress enact an even higher new tariff.
E) became best friends with Calhoun.

Question 22

The Democratic Party

A) supported both agrarian democratic principles and the continuation of southern slavery.
B) favored strict limitations on voting rights.
C) was similar in policy and constituencies to the Federalist Party.
D) was almost destroyed by the election of 1828.
E) was organized to oppose Andrew Jackson.

Question 23

The phrase "the spoils system" referred to

A) corrupt politicians who spoiled the public image of national office holders.
B) the government agency set up to regulate garbage collection and disposal.
C) Andrew Jackson's use of presidential appointive powers to reward his supporters with government jobs.
D) Martin Van Buren's efforts to ruin the relationship between Jackson and John C.Calhoun.
E) the bargain made between Clay and Adams in the election of 1824.

Question 24

Andrew Jackson criticized the Bank because he believed that it

A) benefited northern and foreign investors at the expense of southern and western farmers.
B) was too liberal with its loan policies.
C) did not exercise enough centralized control over the monetary system.
D) charged excessive interest rates.
E) benefited plantation owners more than small farmers.

Question 25

The relationship between Andrew Jackson and John C.Calhoun was ruined by all except which of the following?

A) Calhoun's support of the concepts of nullification and secession
B) a letter revealing that Calhoun had criticized Jackson's invasion of Florida in 1818
C) Calhoun's participation in the dirty political campaign of 1818
D) Floride Calhoun's rude treatment of the Eatons
E) Calhoun's vote against Van Buren's diplomatic appointment.

Question 26

Who of the following was not a Whig candidate for president in 1836?

A) Henry Clay
B) Daniel Webster
C) Hugh Lawson White
D) William Henry Harrison
E) none of these choices

Question 27

Jacksonian Democrats viewed the "American System" as

A) the most efficient approach to solving the nation's economic and political problems.
B) an unconstitutional violation of local, state, and citizen rights.
C) a means of reducing sectional tensions and calming the fears of southern slave owners.
D) a tax-reform policy that would benefit honest citizens and impoverished politicians.
E) socialism.

Question 28

All of the following statements regarding John Quincy Adams are true except he

A) was the son of Federalist President John Adams.
B) served with distinction as secretary of state for James Monroe.
C) negotiated the treaty by which the United States acquired Florida.
D) opposed federal support for internal improvements.
E) supported a strong national government.

Question 29

Southern states opposed the tariff of 1828 because it

A) unfairly taxed southern agricultural products.
B) lowered the price of most manufactured goods.
C) violated the states' constitutional right to control intrastate trade.
D) benefited northern and western farmers at the expense of export-driven southern producers.
E) benefited British merchants at their expense.

Question 30

The treaty that acquired Florida for the United States was the

A) Rush-Bagot Treaty.
B) British-American Convention.
C) Adams-Onis Treaty.
D) Treaty of Paris
E) Treaty of Florida.

Question 31

Martin Van Buren's plan to develop an independent financial system to avoid the federal government's dependence on banks was known as

A) the Third Bank of the United States.
B) the independent treasury.
C) the Federal Reserve system.
D) the "minitreasury."
E) reform banks.

Question 32

The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court from 1801-1835 was

A) John Jay.
B) John Marshall.
C) John Calhoun.
D) Henry Clay.
E) James Monroe.

Question 33

The political party system that emerged in 1840 included

A) a regional alignment in which the South voted for the Democrats and the North voted for the Whigs.
B) the destruction of the two-party system and the emergence of numerous independent parties.
C) increased public interest in politics as indicated by extremely high voter turnout.
D) increasingly unstable, unpredictable, and violent political contests.
E) no national political party.

Question 34

In the Missouri Compromise,

A) slavery was outlawed in the Louisiana territory.
B) the morality of slavery was not addressed.
C) Missouri was admitted to the union as a free state.
D) citizens could decide for themselves whether to permit slavery.
E) the entry of Maine to the union was delayed five years.

Question 35

The Dartmouth College versus Woodward case protected, by extension, which of the following?

A) canal companies
B) state's rights
C) large farmers
D) artisans
E) slaveholders

Question 36

Andrew Jackson's Indian policy

A) protected the sovereign rights of Indian nations within their own territories.
B) openly violated Supreme Court rulings by allowing state governments to encroach on Indian land.
C) increased the size of Indian reservations as a reward for tribal support in the War of 1812.
D) terminated the reservations and assimilated Indians into white society.
E) was based on the assumption that all Indians would ultimately have to be killed.

Question 37

In 1824 Andrew Jackson believed that the American republic

A) had failed.
B) needed to be governed by the educated elite.
C) had proven to be a stunning success.
D) should follow the British parliamentary model.
E) was in danger.

Question 38

The election of 1828 was

A) one of the dullest and most uninteresting campaigns in U.S.history.
B) noteworthy because of the civility and lofty intellectual tone of its political debates.
C) the first election that included a popular vote for presidential electors.
D) decided by the House of Representatives.
E) marred by a smear campaign that turned Andrew Jackson's private life into a public issue.

Question 39

Andrew Jackson's popularity was

A) confined to remote areas of the South.
B) a result of his reputation for calm and peaceful resolution of problems.
C) based in part on his image as a forceful and exciting military hero.
D) dependent upon his avoidance of partisan political disputes.
E) destroyed when he vetoed the Bank.

Question 40

The election of 1840 pitted which two candidates against each other?

A) Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay
B) Martin Van Buren and Henry Clay
C) Martin Van Buren and William Henry Harrison
D) Henry Clay and John Tyler
E) Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams

Question 41

The victor of the 1828 presidential election was John Quincy Adams.

Question 42

The man most responsible for resolving the "nullification" crisis of 1830 was John C.Calhoun.

Question 43

The "Trail of Tears" refers to the removal of the Cherokee Indians to the Indian Territory (Oklahoma).

Question 44

The free state admitted to the Union as part of the Missouri Compromise was

A) Illinois.
B) Iowa.
C) Maine.
D) Ohio.
E) Missouri.

Question 45

The Missouri Compromise allowed Missouri to enter the union, but forbade slavery in any state carved out of the Louisiana Territory north of Missouri.

Question 46

Many northerners opposed the admission of Missouri to the Union because they feared it would increase the power of the slave states in Congress.

Question 47

The postal campaign was halted by a federal censorship law.

Question 48

Which of the following did not occur during Andrew Jackson's first term as president?

A) the controversy over the spoils system
B) the nullification crisis
C) the struggle over Indian removal
D) the veto of the Bank bill
E) the creation of the Whig Party

Question 49

John Quincy Adam's presidency was marked by

A) lower taxes.
B) limited government.
C) incredible relationship with Congress.
D) ridicule by journalists.
E) ethical fortitude.

Question 50

Andrew Jackson supported evangelicals' efforts in 1828 and 1829 to stop movement of the mail on Sundays.

Question 51

The Panic of 1819 was the first nationwide failure of the market economy.

Question 52

Andrew Jackson blamed which of the following for the death of his wife Rachel?

A) his political enemies
B) himself
C) John Calhoun
D) the press
E) none of these choices

Question 53

Andrew Jackson's inaugural address proposed all of the following except

A) civil service reform.
B) retiring the national debt.
C) removal of Indians from eastern states to western reservations.
D) respect for states' rights.
E) caution with regard to the tariff.

Question 54

Which of the following states did not extend its control over Indian lands and deny federal jurisdiction?

A) Florida
B) Georgia
C) Alabama
D) Mississippi
E) none of these choices

Question 55

Voter turnout in the election of 1840 was ____ percent of the eligible voters.

A) 78
B) 69
C) 81
D) 75
E) 50

Question 56

Newspaper estimates put the number of citizens who came to Washington to witness Andrew Jackson's inauguration at

A) 1,000 to 2,000.
B) 5,000 to 10,000.
C) 15,000 to 20,000.
D) 25,000 to 30,000.
E) 35,000 to 40,000

Question 57

Jacksonian democracy can best be understood as the inheritance of the old Hamiltonian emphasis on federal power.

Question 58

An important component of Andrew Jackson's vision for America was to use federal money to build large transportation systems throughout the United States.

Question 59

Andrew Jackson's base of support was

A) in the north.
B) in the west.
C) in the South.
D) in Tennessee only.
E) none of these choices

Question 60

Voter turnout in the election of 1828 was ____ that of 1824.

A) one-quarter
B) one-half
C) triple
D) double
E) ten times

Question 61

South Carolina opposed the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 but never attempted to nullify them.

Question 62

John C.Calhoun did not wish to stay on as vice president as the election of 1828 approached.

Question 63

Vice President John C.Calhoun and Secretary of State Martin Van Buren had the same position on the right of states to secede.

Question 64

Andrew Jackson believed that the republic was safe only when governed by the will of the majority.

Question 65

Thomas Jefferson was deeply concerned about the implications of the Missouri Compromise.

Question 66

The first presidential election in which national, not sectional, alignments determined the outcome was the election of 1840.

Question 67

Voting on the Tallmadge amendments was starkly sectional.

Question 68

European demand for American agriculture increased after the Napoleonic wars.

Question 69

The Whig Party supported a strong national government.

Question 70

The Sioux participated in the "Trail of Tears."

Question 71

Democrats feared that an activist federal government might threaten the slaveholding South.

Question 72

In the election of 1824, Martin Van Buren was the only candidate for the vice presidency.

Question 73

The Democratic Party linked popular democracy with the defense of southern slavery.

Question 74

Andrew Jackson supported the protest against the tariff passed in 1828.

Question 75

The Democratic Party was born when Andrew Jackson was elected in 1828.

Question 76

John Quincy Adams did extensive campaigning in the election of 1828.

Question 77

In perhaps the best example of the corruption of the spoils system, Andrew Jackson's appointed collector of the Port of New York, Samuel Swarthout, stole over $1 million and fled to Europe.

Question 78

The presidential campaign of 1828 was run cleanly and was free of dirty tricks or slanderous accusations.

Question 79

By 1820, many Republicans were calling for a Jeffersonian revival that would limit governmental power and guarantee southern rights within the Union.

Question 80

Andrew Jackson believed that his wife's death was caused by the campaign tactics of his political opponents.