Deck 16: Policing: Dilemmas of Crime Control in a Democratic Society

Question 1

Police killings of civilians are also less common in police departments in which:

A) police are not issued guns.
B) administrators set clear limits on police use of force.
C) police officers are encouraged to intimidate suspects before violence occurs.
D) police institute programs such as D.A.R.E.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The Knapp commission divided corrupt officers into _____.

A) grinders and choppers
B) burger-eaters and donut-eaters
C) meat-eaters and grass-eaters
D) blenders and grillers

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which of the following best describes driving while black?

A) This practice is effectively utilized to fight violent crime in predominately minority neighborhoods.
B) This practice addresses the proven science that minorities are more likely to cause traffic accidents.
C) This practice is a by-product of earlier police policies targeting whites.
D) This practice is racial filing when applied to traffic violations.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is true regarding police corruption?

A) Police corruption arises from cultural roots similar to those motivating heroism.
B) Police corruption arises from structural roots similar to those motivating brutality.
C) Police corruption arises from institutional roots similar to those motivating morality.
D) Police corruption arises from historical roots similar to those motivating racism.

Question 5

Japanese police are much more oriented toward _____ than most US police are,because they operate at the level of the immediate neighborhood.

A) racial profiling
B) community policing
C) para-military tactics
D) marshal law policing

Question 6

As with brutality,a disproportionate number of the civilians killed by police and 50 percent are:

A) African-American or Latino.
B) white or Hispanic.
C) female or elderly.
D) juveniles.

Question 7

The first stage of _____ justice is the police officer's decision to arrest or cite someone.

A) logical
B) participatory
C) discretionary
D) tactical

Question 8

Although women's gender may protect them from police beatings,it subjects them to _____.Such violence includes rape and other sexual assaults and unnecessary strip searches and body cavity searches by male officers.

A) police erotic encounters (PEE)
B) law enforcement rape (LER)
C) law enforcement incest (LEI)
D) police sexual violence (PSV)

Question 9

Which of the following is the view of the chivalry hypothesis?

A) Female police do not arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be protected, not punished.
B) Male police are more likely to arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be punished, not protected.
C) Female police are more likely to arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be punished, not protected.
D) Male police do not arrest female suspects because of notions of chivalry: They feel that women need to be protected, not punished.

Question 10

Packer's _____ reflect the tensions of crime-control in a democratic society.

A) crime-control and due process models
B) feminist and patriarchal models
C) diversity and exclusive models
D) oppression and expression models

Question 11

Sometimes police will use force when none was needed or will sometimes use more force than was needed to subdue a suspect.The result is _____.

A) excluded evidence
B) constitutional crisis
C) police brutality
D) contempt of cop

Question 12

18 The evidence for juvenile arrests is fairly clear that girls are disproportionately arrested or otherwise brought to the attention of juvenile authorities for _____,such as running away from home,curfew violations,and premarital sexual intercourse.

A) traffic offense
B) parental offenses
C) rank offenses
D) status offenses

Question 13

African-Americans and Latinos are much more likely than non-Latino whites to be arrested for possessing ____.

A) illegal drugs
B) stolen goods
C) pirated music
D) internet scams

Question 14

Directed police patrolling occurs when:

A) the police direct citizens away from high-crime areas by blocking streets and thus reduce crime.
B) the police utilize high tech devices such as drones in order to identify crimes and direct patrol vehicles to the scene.
C) the police focus on hot-spot locations for crime, which appears to be able to reduce the amount of crime at these locations.
D) the police adopt community policing strategies in traditional high-crime areas, such as suburbs.

Question 15

Beginning in the 1990s,several police departments,especially New York City's,began to use an ongoing,aggressive style of _____ policing that falls short of a crackdown,but is more intense than directed policing.

A) zero-tolerance
B) shakedown
C) moderate-allowance
D) countdown

Question 16

Ten tithings living on a particular noble's estate were called a hundred.The noble appointed an unpaid _____ to monitor their behavior.

A) sheriff
B) justice of the peace
C) state trooper
D) constable

Question 17

As its name implies,the _____ key concerns are the apprehension and punishment of criminals,and it stresses the criminal justice system's need to capture and process criminals in the most efficient manner possible.

A) due process model's
B) diversity control model's
C) crime-control model's
D) eradication process model's

Question 18

In a democratic society,a key question is:

A) the best way to oppress citizens.
B) how much power to give to the police to preserve law and order.
C) how to limit all due process for illegal aliens.
D) the best way to expand government authority.

Question 19

The Knapp commission found corruption throughout New York's police force that stemmed primarily from _____.

A) illegal drug trafficking and gambling
B) offers of free coffee and meals
C) bootlegging and prostitution
D) illegal lotteries and loan sharking

Question 20

Which of the following best represents the working personality of the police?

A) It helps police to bond with community members and create mutual trust and respect.
B) It causes mistrust between police officers and erodes department esprit de corp, resulting in low police morale.
C) It makes police have a sense of entitlement that encourages them to break the law and often abuse the rights of citizens.
D) It makes police suspicious of and even hostile toward the public and reinforces police solidarity, or mutual loyalty.

Question 21

In early England,a system of community policing called the frankpledge developed.

Question 22

The Court ruled in _____ that evidence obtained by police in violation of the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution cannot be used in court.

A) Mapp v. Ohio
B) Miranda v. Arizona
C) U.S. v. Escobedo
D) U.S. v. Simpson

Question 23

The Knapp commission divided corrupt cops into the categories of "vegans" and "raptors".

Question 24

Police sometimes have an "us against them" mentality.

Question 25

A main duty of an English constable was to control poaching on the noble's land.

Question 26

In a democratic society,a key question is how much power to give to the police to preserve law and order.

Question 27

Minorities generally have a more favorable view of police than whites.

Question 28

Early American police were known as bobbies.

Question 29

Research on white,male police officers indicates that they face a double burden of both racism and sexism.

Question 30

The Court ruled in Miranda v.Arizona that police must advise suspects that they may _____.

A) remain silent
B) keep their guns
C) speak freely
D) post bail

Question 31

US policing developed from the early German system.

Question 32

Women are much more likely than men to be beaten by police.

Question 33

Research on African-American and other women officers of color indicate that they face a double burden of both _____.

A) racism and sexism
B) physical burdens and stress at home
C) higher entry standards and physical requirements
D) ageism and ethnocentrism

Question 34

Which of the following best expresses the term community policing (also called problem-oriented policing)?

A) In this style of policing, police work closely with community groups and residents on various activities designed to reduce crime.
B) In this style of policing, police use aggressive tactics such as random searches of citizens in high crime neighborhoods.
C) In this style of policing, police invest in high-tech equipment such as armored vehicles and drones to control crime.
D) In this style of policing, police target minorities who commit most crime and use racial profiling as they patrol communities.

Question 35

Non-Latino whites are much more likely than African-Americans and Latinos to be arrested for possessing illegal drugs African-Americans and Latinos.

Question 36

Racial profiling,when applied to traffic violations,is termed "driving while black".

Question 37

In the 1990s,New York City began to use an ongoing,aggressive style called zero-tolerance policing.

Question 38

Many scholars believe that police corruption extends beyond a few "_____" to the entire culture of policing.

A) rotten apples
B) sick souls
C) lost boys
D) hot spots

Question 39

Less than 50% of all police are people of color.

Question 40

The mini stations used in urban neighborhoods in Japan are called yakuza.

Question 41

"The right to remain silent" is a recognizable part of the _____ warning.

Question 42

Compared to police in the US,police in _____ enjoy the respect and gratitude of the public.

Question 43

When police suddenly saturate a small area and arrest drug pushers,prostitutes,and gang members,they are performing a _____.

Question 44

Identify and discuss the double burden that minority female officers face.

Question 45

Racial profiling may affect which citizens get stopped and _____ while walking down the street or simply hanging out.

Question 46

Community policing is a somewhat vague term.What does it mean to you?

Question 47

In the 1990s,New York City began to use an aggressive style of _____ policing.

Question 48

Assume you have just been appointed chief of your hometown.What steps might you take to combat police sexual violence (PSV)?

Question 49

The Court ruled in Mapp v.Ohio that evidence obtained by police in violation of the _____ Amendment of the Constitution cannot be used in court.

Question 50

How does community policing differ from more aggressive styles of policing?

Question 51

Girls are disproportionately arrested or otherwise brought to the attention of juvenile authorities for _____ offenses,such as running away from home and curfew violations.

Question 52

What are the early English roots of US policing?

Question 53

The outcome of Mapp v.Ohio lead to what is known as the _____ rule.

Question 54

There is growing evidence on the effectiveness of directed police patrol or _____ policing,which targets the relatively few locations at which most of a city's serious street crime occurs.

Question 55

Rodney King was a victim of police _____ and suffered severe injuries.