Deck 15: Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Question 1

A woman's lifetime risk of developing cancer at any or all sites is 1 in

A) 2.
B) 3.
C) 5.
D) 10.

Answer 1

Cancer usually leads to the death of one of every four in the United States. It is non-communicable and chronic in nature. It involves the uncontrolled growth of cells; eventually leading to the excess tissue masses called tumors. Tumors can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
The life time risk of developing cancer at any or all sites is 1 in 2 in men and 1 in 3 in women.
Hence, the options (a), (c) and (d) are incorrect.
The life time risk of developing cancer at any or all sites in women is 1 in 3.
Hence, the option is correct.

Question 2

Which of the following cognitive facilities are most likely to increase or expand in middle adulthood

A) general knowledge
B) navigating new cities
C) navigating new cities
D) mathematical problem-solving ability

Answer 2

Crystallized intelligence is the knowledge and skills cluster which depends on the information which is accumulated and experience, good judgment and social conventions awareness. Fluid intelligence is the skill of a person in processing information.
The intellectual factors perceptual speed, spatial orientation and numeric ability are related to the fluid intelligence. The perceptual speed intellectual factor, decline more rapidly from early adulthood to late adulthood. During middle adulthood an educated person find difficult to navigate the new cities when compared to early adulthood.
Hence, the options (b), (c) and (d) are incorrect.
Due to continuous experience of reading and writing, in middle adulthood an educated person feels better than ever in doing crossword puzzles and at general knowledge as these are largely crystallized intelligence dependents.
Hence, the option is correct.

Question 3

Presbyopia refers to loss of _________ in the eye lens.

Answer 3

There is an inter-individual variability in physical development which means no people age in the same way and rate. The physiological aging is defined as the body's integumentary system changes. The body's integumentary system involves the system of skin, hair nails, senses, reaction and capacity of lungs.
The age-related vision changes appear normally by mid-30's and become more problematic in middle adulthood. Presbyopia is a condition in which the lens elasticity is lost and this leads to the hard focus on the nearby objects or small print.
So, the blank can be filled with .

Question 4

Americans have higher than average rates of colorectal cancer and deaths from that disease.

A) African
B) Asian
C) European
D) Native

Question 5

In middle age, ________ normally replaces lean body mass, so that the BMI rises

Question 6

Cigarette smoking causes ________ % of lung cancer deaths in the United States.

A) 27
B) 47
C) 67
D) 87

Question 7

Between the ages of 45 and 64, _________ is the leading cause of death.

Question 8

Which of the following risk factors for heart disease is controllable

A) gender
B) age
C) smoking
D) family history

Question 9

Two out of three cancer deaths in the United States are attributable to two controllable factors: smoking and __________.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about stress is accurate

A) Stress causes cancer.
B) Stress suppresses the immune system.
C) Stress is a completely controllable factor.
D) Stress hormones connected with anger dilate the blood vessels to the heart.

Question 11

Heart disease most commonly results from _________.

Question 12

An estrogen deficit in a woman may lead to any of the following symptoms except

A) some impairment of cognitive functioning.
B) hot flashes and flushes.
C) increased risk of heart disease.
D) increased fertility.

Question 13

The term __________ refers to the fact that people's intellectual abilities are not absolutely fixed but can be modified under certain conditions at almost any time in life.

Question 14

Which of the following is accurate about the prevalence of sexual dysfunctions

A) Estimates of their prevalence vary widely.
B) Men are more likely than women to have difficulty reaching orgasm.
C) Young men are more likely than older men to have erectile dysfunction.
D) Men are more likely than women to experience pain during sexual intercourse.

Question 15

The body's system of skin, hair, and nails is called the __________ system.

Question 16

The fact that Jean Piaget rode a bicycle at a very advanced age suggests that people can maintain __________ memories for a lifetime.

Question 17

Of the following, the most common type of cancer is

A) bladder cancer.
B) kidney cancer.
C) lung and bronchus cancer.
D) thyroid cancer.

Question 18

Throughout adulthood, a person's _____ is most likely to remain stable.

A) numeric ability
B) perceptual speed
C) verbal ability
D) spatial orientation

Question 19

In middle age, the hair grays because of lessened production of _________.

Question 20

The ____________ Effect refers to the research finding that IQ scores in the United States increased an average of 18 points between 1947 and 2002.