Deck 18: Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Question 1

A high-fiber diet increases stool weight and fecal water content.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

of the following are indications for modifying fiber intake except:

A)constipation.
B)irritable bowel syndrome.
C)inflammatory bowel diseases.
D)gallbladder disease.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Daily exercise can help treat constipation if it stimulates peristalsis.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The patient with a colostomy or ileostomy should have a diet that is restricted in fluids.

Question 5

People with irritable bowel syndrome tend to have excessive colonic responses to meals, GI hormones, and stress.

Question 6

Dietary suggestions for treating constipation are aimed at:

A)decreasing dietary fiber and fluids.
B)increasing dietary fiber and fluids.
C)increasing dietary protein.
D)increasing carbohydrate intake.

Question 7

Diverticulitis and ulcerative colitis are the two most prevalent inflammatory bowel diseases.

Question 8

of stimulant laxatives can lead to:

A)fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
B)anemia.
C)increased appetite.
D)hyperglycemia.

Question 9

Charlie is trying to change his eating behaviors and start following a high-fiber diet.The best advice you can give Charlie is to:

A)purchase a bulk-forming agent.
B)gradually add high-fiber foods to his diet.
C)avoid milk products that contain residue.
D)limit his fluid intake.

Question 10

Constipation may be caused by all of the following except:

A)a low-fiber diet.
B)physical inactivity.
C)medications.
D)a viral infection.

Question 11

Which of the following bulk-forming agents may cause an allergic reaction?

A)methylcellulose
B)psyllium
C)polycarbophil
D)malt soup extract

Question 12

Flatulence can be an unpleasant side effect of consuming a high-fiber diet.

Question 13

The development of diverticulosis is influenced by the type of dietary protein one consumes.

Question 14

side effect of consuming a high-fiber diet is:

A)flatulence.
B)ostomy.
C)bacterial overgrowth.
D)diverticulosis.

Question 15

Foods useful in increasing dietary fiber are:

A)bran, milk, and mashed potatoes.
B)peanut butter, oranges, and strawberry jam.
C)saltine crackers, watermelon, and eggs.
D)whole-wheat bread, black beans, and popcorn.

Question 16

Constipation is diagnosed when a person does not have a daily bowel movement.

Question 17

Diverticulitis is a relatively mild, non-life threatening condition.

Question 18

Psyllium may be effective in the treatment of diarrhea by reducing the liquidity of the stool.

Question 19

The DRI for fiber for an adult male is 38 grams per day.

Question 20

A colostomy involves removal of the entire colon.

Question 21

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: A hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; potato salad; and a diet carbonated beverage.Later that afternoon Billy began to experience gas.Which of the following foods was most likely to be responsible for production of the gas?

A)hamburger meat
B)tomato
C)potato salad
D)diet carbonated beverage

Question 22

Commercial sports drinks are not recommended for the treatment of severe diarrhea because they are too:

A)expensive.
B)high in sodium.
C)low in sodium.
D)low in potassium.

Question 23

The dietary management for ulcerative colitis includes all of the following principles except:

A)restoration of fluid and electrolyte balance.
B)repletion of protein stores.
C)a high-fiber diet to manage diarrhea.
D)a low-fiber diet to reduce irritation in the colon.

Question 24

Which of the following foods is most likely to increase intestinal gas?

A)cabbage
B)tomatoes
C)green beans
D)walnuts

Question 25

Bacterial food poisoning causes:

A)osmotic diarrhea.
B)steatorrhea.
C)secretory diarrhea.
D)chronic diarrhea.

Question 26

the following beverages, which is least likely to increase intestinal gas?

A)orange juice
B)beer
C)carbonated lemon-lime soda
D)tea

Question 27

Aggressive dietary management of Crohn's disease is required in children because this disorder can lead to all of the following except:

A)growth failure.
B)nutrient deficiencies.
C)protein-energy malnutrition.
D)impaired glucose tolerance.

Question 28

Which of the following would not be included in a homemade oral rehydration solution?

A)table salt
B)sugar
C)baking soda
D)cornstarch

Question 29

is experiencing a sudden bout of diarrhea.Which of the following may worsen her symptoms?

A)adding salt to foods
B)whole-wheat breads and cereals
C)noodles and couscous
D)bananas and peeled apples

Question 30

Which form of inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by "skip" lesions?

A)Crohn's disease
B)ulcerative colitis
C)irritable bowel syndrome
D)diverticulosis

Question 31

Which of the following would be the first step in the treatment of someone with diarrhea?

A)correct the underlying medical condition
B)place the patient on NPO
C)start parenteral nutrition
D)start an oral rehydration solution

Question 32

excessive colonic response to meals, GI hormones, and stress is characteristic of:

A)celiac disease.
B)ulcerative colitis.
C)Crohn's disease.
D)irritable bowel syndrome.

Question 33

Anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease may contribute to:

A)malabsorption.
B)fluid and electrolyte imbalances.
C)anemia.
D)weight loss.

Question 34

Inflammation that may extend deeply into intestinal tissue and be accompanied by ulcerations, fissures, and fistulas is characteristic of _____.

A)Crohn's disease
B)ulcerative colitis
C)celiac disease
D)irritable bowel syndrome

Question 35

Mr.Taylor seeks medical treatment for frequent, urgent bowel movements streaked with mucus and blood, and tests reveal a large, continuous area of inflammation affecting the first two layers of tissue in his rectum.What is Mr.Taylor's likely diagnosis?

A)Crohn's disease
B)ulcerative colitis
C)celiac disease
D)irritable bowel syndrome

Question 36

Diarrhea is often classified according to the cause of the fluid loss.Nutrient malabsorption causes:

A)osmotic diarrhea.
B)secretory diarrhea.
C)intractable diarrhea.
D)acute diarrhea.

Question 37

During an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease, the patient should be placed on _____ to minimize stool output and reduce symptoms of malabsorption.

A)a low-sodium diet
B)a low-fat, low-fiber diet
C)a low-protein diet
D)parenteral nutrition

Question 38

mother of a toddler is concerned about her child's frequent episodes of diarrhea.The dietitian suggests that the mother reduce the child's intake of:

A)oatmeal.
B)fruit juice.
C)rice.
D)yogurt.

Question 39

Which of the following foods may help to lessen diarrhea?

A)applesauce
B)pear juice
C)milk
D)sugar-free candies

Question 40

Secretory diarrhea may be caused by:

A)bacterial food poisoning.
B)lactose intolerance.
C)irritable bowel syndrome.
D)swallowed air.

Question 41

Low-fiber diets are used in the treatment of all of the following conditions except:

A)diverticulosis.
B)post-surgery.
C)diverticulitis.
D)inflammatory bowel diseases (active episodes).

Question 42

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease.Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
Noel's Crohn's disease has most likely resulted in inflammation of her:

A)gallbladder.
B)ileum and/or colon.
C)duodenum and/or jejunum.
D)pancreas.

Question 43

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease.Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
was prescribed a corticosteroid to help with the inflammation associated with Crohn's disease.Which of the following side effects might she experience?

A)diarrhea
B)fluid retention
C)dehydration
D)loss of appetite

Question 44

treatment for irritable bowel syndrome includes all of the following except:

A)surgery.
B)dietary adjustments.
C)stress management.
D)behavioral therapy.

Question 45

incidence of diverticulosis may be reduced by recommending a diet:

A)low in dietary fiber and residue.
B)high in dietary fiber and fat.
C)high in dietary fiber.
D)high in dietary protein.

Question 46

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease.Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
year after her diagnosis, Noel is hospitalized due to a severe exacerbation of her disease and requires a tube feeding.The best choice for an enteral formula is a/an:

A)standard formula.
B)elemental formula.
C)disease-specific formula.
D)modular formula.

Question 47

Removal of a portion or all of the colon is referred to as a:

A)colostomy.
B)colectomy.
C)ileostomy.
D)gastrectomy.

Question 48

Nonpathogenic bacteria in the intestinal tract perform all of the following functions except:

A)degrade undigested or unabsorbed dietary carbohydrate.
B)produce certain vitamins.
C)prevent invasion of tissues by pathogenic bacteria.
D)stimulate the production of proteins.

Question 49

Diverticular disease often occurs with:

A)a bacterial infection.
B)aging.
C)constipation.
D)food intolerances.

Question 50

primary purpose of a low-fiber diet for ostomy patients is to:

A)stimulate peristalsis.
B)increase bulk in the colon.
C)decrease stool output.
D)decrease hydrochloric acid production.

Question 51

has been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome.Which of the following would the dietitian recommend?

A)a high-fiber diet
B)a low-fiber diet
C)a liquid diet
D)a low-salt diet

Question 52

dietary adjustments frequently recommended for the person with irritable bowel syndrome include all of the following except:

A)avoiding fried and fatty foods.
B)avoiding alcohol.
C)consuming small, frequent meals.
D)consuming a high-protein diet.

Question 53

Which of the following statements concerning irritable bowel syndrome is true?

A)Symptoms often improve during periods of psychological stress.
B)It is associated with alternating episodes of diarrhea and constipation.
C)Herbal remedies are very effective at relieving the symptoms.
D)The most common recommendation is to gradually decrease fiber intake.

Question 54

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease.Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
requires aggressive dietary management of her disease because it can lead to:

A)nutrient deficiencies and protein-energy malnutrition.
B)problems with chronic constipation and laxative use.
C)dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.
D)a higher risk of pancreatic cancer.

Question 55

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease.Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
During a flare-up of her disease, Noel should follow a ______ diet.

A)high-fiber, high-fat
B)low-sodium
C)low-fiber, low-fat
D)high-fat

Question 56

Nondigestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called:

A)probiotics.
B)prebiotics.
C)intestinal flora.
D)pathogenic bacteria.

Question 57

help control diarrhea, people with ostomies should consume:

A)applesauce.
B)caffeine.
C)sugar-free candy.
D)grapes.

Question 58

patient with a colostomy or ileostomy is usually concerned about foods that cause:

A)gas and odor.
B)weight gain.
C)fluid retention.
D)anemia.

Question 59

Case Study Questions
Use the following case study to answer questions
Noel is a 33-year-old kindergarten teacher who recently visited her doctor complaining of the sudden onset of diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloody stools.Lab tests, imaging studies, and an endoscopy were used to diagnose Crohn's disease.Drug therapy has helped to control the symptoms, but Noel has been told that there is no cure for the disease and she may experience exacerbations from time to time for the rest of her life.
Noel's Crohn's disease worsens, it could place her at risk for malnutrition due to all of the following reasons except:

A)reduced food intake.
B)surgery that shortens the small intestine.
C)malabsorption of nutrients.
D)ulceration in the esophagus.

Question 60

of the following foods may cause difficulty for ostomy patients except:

A)bananas.
B)corn.
C)coconut.
D)grapes.

Question 61

patient is experiencing a mild case of diarrhea and phones the health clinic to find out how she should treat it.The nurse recommends that she consume all of the following except:

A)yogurt.
B)broth with crackers.
C)applesauce.
D)a regular carbonated beverage.

Question 62

of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of:

A)irritable bowel syndrome.
B)diverticular disease.
C)infectious diarrhea.
D)Crohn's disease.

Question 63

possible benefits of probiotics include all of the following except:

A)altering the susceptibility to food allergies.
B)improving the immune response.
C)relieving the symptoms of lactose intolerance.
D)treating AIDS.

Question 64

Differentiate between diverticulosis and diverticulitis and the appropriate dietary treatment for each.

Question 65

Purcell is an elderly gentleman who complains of frequent constipation.To deal with this problem, the nurse tells Mr.Purcell to:

A)drink plenty of fluids.
B)decrease intake of high-fiber foods.
C)drink more apple juice.
D)avoid fried foods.

Question 66

patient is newly diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome and is concerned about preventing future flare-ups.The nurse advises the patient to:

A)follow a low-fat diet.
B)drink plenty of water.
C)seek support for stress management.
D)drink a glass of wine with dinner.

Question 67

patient is newly diagnosed with diverticulosis and voices concern about future complications.What is the nurse's most appropriate response?

A)"Follow a low-fiber diet."
B)"Follow a high-fiber diet."
C)"Avoid nuts, popcorn, and foods with seeds."
D)"Drink plenty of fluids."

Question 68

Burgess is a 67-year-old female who was recently diagnosed with depression and prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant drug.In addition, she is on medication for high blood pressure and takes a calcium supplement.She phones her physician's office complaining of problems with constipation.The nurse suspects that the problems may be due to:

A)depression.
B)age.
C)medications.
D)high blood pressure.

Question 69

Identify the possible causes of diarrhea and describe the appropriate treatment for both acute and chronic diarrhea.

Question 70

nurse is instructing a patient with diverticular disease on appropriate foods to include in his diet in order to prevent progression of the disease.She will tell him to consume all of the following except:

A)whole-grain breads.
B)enriched pasta.
C)legumes.
D)fresh vegetables.

Question 71

Mr.Simpson complains of abdominal pain, distention, and flatulence.He frequently experiences chronic diarrhea but at times he also has constipation.He states that his symptoms usually occur shortly after he eats and often stop after defecation.The nurse correctly believes that Mr.Simpson suffers from:

A)irritable bowel syndrome.
B)an intestinal obstruction.
C)diverticulitis.
D)ileus.

Question 72

patient with an ileostomy complains about excessive odor.What information would the nurse suspect as revealing a cause for this?

A)The patient eats yogurt for breakfast every morning.
B)The patient smokes.
C)The patient eats eggs for breakfast every morning.
D)The patient consumes cranberry juice regularly.

Question 73

Case Study
Mr.Fruge is 60 years old.After performing a routine colonoscopy, his gastroenterologist tells him everything is normal except that she noticed the presence of several diverticula in his colon.The physician suggestsed he speak with the clinic dietitian regarding dietary recommendations.
What causes diverticula to develop?

Question 74

Sarah is a 21-year-old college student who has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease.She is underweight and has a poor appetite.Realizing that Sarah is at nutritional risk, the nurse advises that Sarah:

A)consume an enteral nutrition supplement two to three times a day.
B)increase the fiber in her diet.
C)increase her intake of milk to four cups a day.
D)eat more high-fat foods.

Question 75

Case Study
Mr.Fruge is 60 years old.After performing a routine colonoscopy, his gastroenterologist tells him everything is normal except that she noticed the presence of several diverticula in his colon.The physician suggestsed he speak with the clinic dietitian regarding dietary recommendations.
Why was Mr.Fruge unaware of his condition until now?

Question 76

Describe important components of nutrition management for people with ostomies.

Question 77

Which of the following foods will provide sufficient probiotic bacteria to influence the bacterial population in the large intestine?

A)two servings of margarine
B)one serving of yogurt
C)two servings of cottage cheese
D)one serving of honey

Question 78

be considered "probiotic," bacteria must meet all of the following criteria except:

A)they must be nonpathogenic when consumed.
B)they must be able to survive transit through the digestive tract.
C)they must be able to alter the intestinal environment in a beneficial way.
D)they must produce gas as a by-product of their activity.

Question 79

Briefly explain the benefits associated with a high-fiber diet.What advice would you give to a patient during the first few weeks on a high-fiber diet?

Question 80

Case Study
Mr.Fruge is 60 years old.After performing a routine colonoscopy, his gastroenterologist tells him everything is normal except that she noticed the presence of several diverticula in his colon.The physician suggestsed he speak with the clinic dietitian regarding dietary recommendations.
Differentiate between diverticulosis and diverticulitis.