Deck 13: Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Question 1

benefits of physical activity in older adults include all of the following except:

A)increased blood flow to the brain.
B)decreased risk of falling.
C)improved balance.
D)decreased muscle mass.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following vitamins is not involved with cognition in older adults?

A)folate
B)vitamin B₁₂
C)vitamin A
D)vitamin B₆

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Vision problems in older adults may be due to dietary factors such as:

A)underweight.
B)low intake of vitamins D and E.
C)overweight.
D)low intake of vitamins C and E.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

As people grow older, the use of medicines becomes commonplace, thus increasing the potential for diet-medication interactions.

Question 5

Iron-deficiency anemia is more common in older adults than in young people.

Question 6

fastest growing age group in the U.S.population is people over:

A)50.
B)65.
C)75.
D)85.

Question 7

The elderly are more likely to have medical conditions or to take medications that may compromise folate status.

Question 8

known connection exists between osteoarthritis and nutrition, as related to:

A)milk.
B)fish oil.
C)overweight.
D)sugar.

Question 9

expectancy in the U.S.is _____ years.

A)68
B)72
C)75
D)78

Question 10

Rheumatoid arthritis may respond to a dietary intervention involving a diet:

A)low in saturated fat and high in omega-3 fatty acids.
B)high in vitamins A, C, and E.
C)restricted in kcalories.
D)low in carbohydrates.

Question 11

Studies suggest that a diet providing ample carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E may help to prevent the early onset of cataracts.

Question 12

Increasing evidence suggests that overweight and obesity in middle age are associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Question 13

Research supports the notion that an overload of minerals in the body causes Alzheimer's disease.

Question 14

The protein needs of older adults appear to be about the same as those of younger people.

Question 15

Older adults spend more money per person on foods to eat at home than other age groups.

Question 16

Moderate energy restriction results in all of the following health benefits except:

A)reduced body weight.
B)reduced body fat.
C)increased HDL cholesterol levels.
D)increased LDL cholesterol levels.

Question 17

People can add years to their lives or enhance the quality of their lives through healthy behaviors.

Question 18

Zinc intake is commonly low in older adults.

Question 19

Which of the following health behaviors is the strongest predictor of continued mobility in the later years?

A)not smoking
B)low to moderate alcohol consumption
C)maintenance of moderate body weight
D)frequent physical activity

Question 20

of the following statements about aging are true except:

A)aging is an inevitable, natural process.
B)aging is programmed into the genes at conception.
C)aging can be slowed by a healthy lifestyle.
D)aging can be slowed with the use of appropriate supplements.

Question 21

Protein is especially important for older adults to:

A)increase muscle mass.
B)rebuild aging bones.
C)support a healthy immune system.
D)prevent macular degeneration.

Question 22

Energy needs decline with advancing age due to all of the following reasons except:

A)sarcopenia can be significant in later years.
B)basal metabolic rate declines as people age.
C)older people usually reduce their physical activity.
D)older people are better able to absorb energy from foods.

Question 23

older adult's intake of fruits and vegetables may be limited due to all of the following except:

A)chewing problems.
B)transportation problems.
C)limited cooking facilities.
D)decreased sense of smell.

Question 24

of the following factors in older people's lives increase the likelihood of iron deficiency except:

A)antacid use.
B)reduced stomach acid secretion.
C)limited intake of milk.
D)chronic blood loss due to disease or medicines.

Question 25

Physical changes of aging that affect nutrition include all of the following except:

A)swallowing disorders.
B)sluggish intestinal motility.
C)diminished vision.
D)increased sense of smell.

Question 26

The DRI Committee found that _____% of adults 51 years and older lose the ability to absorb vitamin B₁₂.

A)5 to 10
B)10 to 30
C)15 to 35
D)20 to 35

Question 27

most important nutrition concern for the person with Alzheimer's disease is:

A)allowing the person to choose their own foods.
B)a strict eating schedule.
C)maintaining appropriate body weight.
D)a regimen of dietary supplements.

Question 28

grandfather is having trouble with his short-term memory.You suggest that he may be experiencing symptoms of a deficiency of:

A)essential fatty acids.
B)thiamin, niacin, and/or folate.
C)vitamin B₁₂, vitamin C, and/or vitamin E.
D)protein.

Question 29

nutrient that is underconsumed by many elderly people is:

A)vitamin A.
B)protein.
C)vitamin D.
D)vitamin C.

Question 30

Many older people take in less than the recommended amount of all these nutrients except:

A)vitamin A.
B)vitamin D.
C)folate.
D)zinc.

Question 31

Dehydrated older adults are more susceptible to all of the following except:

A)disorientation.
B)emphysema.
C)urinary tract infections.
D)pressure ulcers.

Question 32

intakes should be moderate in the diets of most older adults because:

A)cutting fat helps alleviate constipation.
B)cutting fat helps retard the development of atherosclerosis.
C)cutting fat helps reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
D)cutting fat helps increase lean body mass.

Question 33

Severe fat restriction among older adults may lead to:

A)nutrient deficiencies.
B)weight gain.
C)greater risk of cancer.
D)dehydration.

Question 34

of the following seem to be related to the development of Alzheimer's disease except:

A)genetic factors.
B)obesity.
C)low levels of homocysteine.
D)free-radical damage.

Question 35

best choice for older adults with small energy allowances is to:

A)take vitamin-mineral supplements.
B)select nutrient-dense foods.
C)consume less food.
D)moderate alcohol consumption.

Question 36

Sarcopenia refers to:

A)loss of muscle mass.
B)vitamin deficiency.
C)bone loss.
D)malnutrition associated with aging.

Question 37

Older adults face a greater risk of vitamin D deficiency than young people due to:

A)low consumption of meat.
B)low intake of vegetables.
C)limited exposure to sunlight.
D)low intake of fiber.

Question 38

Older adults are predisposed to fluid imbalances due to all of the following reasons except:

A)they do not pay attention to their thirst.
B)they may find it difficult to obtain fluids.
C)they may have reduced thirst.
D)they may have an increase in total body water as they age.

Question 39

estimated energy requirements for adults decrease steadily after age:

A)19.
B)30.
C)40.
D)51.

Question 40

Which of the following sources of protein are most appropriate for older adults?

A)milk and cheese
B)legumes and fish
C)whole grains and legumes
D)nonfat milk and peanut butter

Question 41

A food recovery program might involve all of the following except:

A)taking leftover food from a fundraiser to a local shelter.
B)picking berries in an already harvested field.
C)the delivery of day-old bread to a soup kitchen.
D)collecting unused WIC vouchers.

Question 42

Which food assistance program would most likely improve the intake of fruits and vegetables among low-income older adults?

A)OAA Nutrition Program
B)Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
C)Meals on Wheals
D)Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program

Question 43

Why are some elderly people at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency?

Question 44

most common drug that can affect nutrition in older people is:

A)alcohol.
B)laxatives.
C)antacids.
D)aspirin.

Question 45

Describe why energy needs decline with advancing age.

Question 46

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for calcium for adults over 70 is:

A)600 mg/day.
B)800 mg/day.
C)1200 mg/day.
D)1500 mg/day.

Question 47

Describe possible relationships between cataracts and nutrition.

Question 48

largest federal food assistance program is:

A)WIC.
B)SNAP.
C)WHO.
D)USDA.

Question 49

Describe factors in many older people's lives that increase the likelihood of iron deficiency.

Question 50

older adults consume the recommend amount of _____ due to complaints about stomach discomfort.

A)meat
B)fruit
C)milk
D)bread

Question 51

adequate calcium intake throughout life helps protect against:

A)cancer.
B)osteoporosis.
C)diabetes.
D)cardiovascular disease.

Question 52

Why is dehydration a risk for older adults?

Question 53

primary cause of hunger in developed countries is:

A)food poverty.
B)war.
C)mental illness.
D)politics.

Question 54

Discuss the possible roles of nutrition in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.

Question 55

Which of the following is not a risk factor for malnutrition in older adults?

A)disease
B)eating disorders
C)economic hardship
D)reduced social contact

Question 56

older adult complains about the expense of cooking for one.You suggest:

A)purchasing large bags of frozen vegetables.
B)purchasing large bags of shredded cheese.
C)purchasing eggs in large quantities.
D)stocking up on fresh produce when in season.

Question 57

status in women generally improves:

A)after menopause.
B)with daily exercise.
C)as muscle mass decreases.
D)during perimenopause.

Question 58

Major factors that contribute to food poverty include all of the following except:

A)alcohol abuse.
B)lack of knowledge about food assistance programs.
C)pride.
D)lack of insurance.

Question 59

List ten ways that older adults can stretch their food dollars.