Deck 3: Probability

Question 1

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
The data in the table represent the number of consumer complaints against major U.S. airlines. If one complaint
from the table is randomly selected, find the probability that it was filed against Continental Airlines.

Answer 1

Question 2

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the pie chart, which shows the number of Congressional Medal of Honor recipients in the United States, to
find the probability that a randomly chosen recipient served in the Navy.

Answer 2

0.215

Question 3

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the following graph, which shows the types of incidents encountered with drivers using cell phones, to
find the probability that a randomly chosen incident did not involve cutting off a car. Round your answer to
three decimal places.

Answer 3

0.837

Question 4

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A single six-sided die is rolled. Find the probability of rolling a number less than 3.

A)0.333
B)0.1
C)0.5
D)0.25

Question 5

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the pie chart, which shows the number of Congressional Medal of Honor recipients in the United States, to
find the probability that a randomly chosen recipient did not serve in the Marines.

Question 6

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
The distribution of Masterʹs degrees conferred by a university is listed in the table. Find the probability of randomly choosing a person graduating with a Masterʹs degree who did not major in
Education. Round your answer to three decimal places.

Question 7

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
The data in the table represent the number of consumer complaints against major U.S. airlines. If one complaint
from the table is randomly selected, find the probability that it was filed against United Airlines.

Question 8

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A single six-sided die is rolled. Find the probability of rolling a seven.

A)0
B)0.1
C)0.5
D)1

Question 9

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
The data in the table represent the number of consumer complaints against major U.S. airlines. If one complaint
from the table is randomly selected, find the probability that it was not filed against Continental Airlines.
(Round to three decimal places.)

Question 10

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: shooting a free throw in basketball.

Question 11

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the following graph, which shows the types of incidents encountered with drivers using cell phones, to
find the probability that a randomly chosen incident involves cutting off a car. Round your answer to three
decimal places.

Question 12

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-The distribution of Master?s degrees conferred by a university is listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | r } \text { Major } & \text { Frequency } \\\hline \text { Mathematics } & 216 \\\text { English } & 207 \\\text { Engineering } & 86 \\\text { Business } & 176 \\\text { Education } & 267\end{array}$$ What is the probability that a randomly selected student graduating with a Master?s degree has a major of Education? Round your answer to three decimal places.

A)0.280
B)0.720
C)0.004
D)0.390

Question 13

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
A coin is tossed. Find the probability that the result is heads.

A)0.5
B)0.1
C)0.9
D)1

Question 14

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-The distribution of blood types for 100 Americans is listed in the table. If one donor is selected at random, find the probability of not selecting a person with blood type $B +$ $$\begin{array} { l | c c c c c c c c } \text { Blood Type } & \mathrm { O } + & \mathrm { O } - & \mathrm { A } + & \mathrm { A } - & \mathrm { B } + & \mathrm { B } - & \mathrm { AB } + & \mathrm { AB } - \\\hline \text { Number } & 37 & 6 & 34 & 6 & 10 & 2 & 4 & 1\end{array}$$

A)0.90
B)0.82
C)0.12
D)0.10

Question 15

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-The distribution of blood types for 100 Americans is listed in the table. If one donor is selected at random, find the probability of selecting a person with blood type $\mathrm { A } +$ or $\text { A-. }$ $$\begin{array} { l | c c c c c c c c } \text { Blood Type } & \text { O+ } & \text { O- } & \text { A+ } & \text { A- } & \text { B+ } & \text { B- } & \text { AB+ } & \text { AB- } \\\hline \text { Number } & 37 & 6 & 34 & 6 & 10 & 2 & 4 & 1\end{array}$$

A)0.4
B)0.34
C)0.02
D)0.06

Question 16

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-A stem-and-leaf plot for the number of homeruns hit by 30 High School teams is shown. Find the probability that a team chosen at random hit more than 28 homeruns. Key: $2 \mid 8 = 28$
$\begin{array} { l | l } 1 & 89 \\2 & 023347889 \\3 & 11345568999 \\4 & 223569 \\5 & 15\end{array}$

A)0.667
B)0.233
C)0.933
D)0.509

Question 17

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-The distribution of blood types for 100 Americans is listed in the table. If one donor is selected at random, find the probability of selecting a person with blood type $\mathrm { AB } -$ $$\begin{array} { l | c c c c c c c c } \text { Blood Type } & \text { O+ } & \text { O- } & \text { A+ } & \text { A- } & \text { B+ } & \text { B- } & \text { AB+ } & \text { AB- } \\\hline \text { Number } & 37 & 6 & 34 & 6 & 10 & 2 & 4 & 1\end{array}$$

A)0.01
B)0.05
C)0.99
D)0.10

Question 18

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-The distribution of Master?s degrees conferred by a university is listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | r } \text { Major } & \text { Frequency } \\\hline \text { Mathematics } & 216 \\\text { English } & 207 \\\text { Engineering } & 63 \\\text { Business } & 176 \\\text { Education } & 222\end{array}$$ What is the probability that a randomly selected student graduating with a Master?s degree has a major of Engineering? Round your answer to three decimal places.

A)0.071
B)0.929
C)0.016
D)0.984

Question 19

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
The data in the table represent the number of consumer complaints against major U.S. airlines. If one complaint
from the table is randomly selected, find the probability that it was filed against Northwest Airlines.

Question 20

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

-The distribution of blood types for 100 Americans is listed in the table. If one donor is selected at random, find the probability of selecting a person with blood type A $$\mathrm { A } +$$ $$\begin{array} { l | c c c c c c c c } \text { Blood Type } & \mathrm { O } + & \mathrm { O } - & \mathrm { A } + & \mathrm { A } - & \mathrm { B } + & \mathrm { B } - & \mathrm { AB } + & \mathrm { AB } - \\\hline \text { Number } & 37 & 6 & 34 & 6 & 10 & 2 & 4 & 1\end{array}$$

A)0.34
B)0.4
C)0.45
D)0.68

Question 21

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: recording the number of days it snowed in Cleveland
in the month of January.

Question 22

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: answering a multiple choice question with A, B, C, and
D as the possible answers

Question 23

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: answering a true or false question

Question 24

Determine the number of outcomes in the event. Then decide whether the event is a simple event or not. Explain your
reasoning.
You randomly select one card from a standard deck. Event B is selecting the ace of hearts.

A)1; Simple event because it is an event that consists of a single outcome.
B)4; Simple event because only one card is selected.
C)4; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.
D)13; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.

Question 25

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. The probability that interest rates will rise during the summer is 0.05.

A)subjective probability
B)classical probability
C)empirical probability

Question 26

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: recording a response to the survey question and the
gender of the respondent.

Question 27

Use the fundamental counting principle to solve the problem.
If 12 newborn babies are randomly selected, how many different gender sequences are possible?

A)4096
B)24
C)479,001,600
D)144

Question 28

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: recording the day of the week and whether or not it
rains.

Question 29

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: A calculator has a function button to generate a
random integer from -5 to 5

Question 30

Use the fundamental counting principle to solve the problem.
How many license plates can be made consisting of 3 letters followed by 2 digits?

A)1,757,600
B)100,000
C)11,881,376
D)175,760

Question 31

Determine the number of outcomes in the event. Then decide whether the event is a simple event or not. Explain your
reasoning.
A computer is used to randomly select a number between 1 and 1000. Event A is selecting a number greater than 600.

A)400; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.
B)1; Simple event because it is an event that consists of a single outcome.
C)600; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.
D)400; Simple event because only one number is selected.

Question 32

Determine the number of outcomes in the event. Then decide whether the event is a simple event or not. Explain your
reasoning.
You randomly select a computer from a batch of 50 which contains 3 defective computers. Event B is selecting a defective computer.

A)3; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.
B)3; Simple event because it is an event that consists of only one type of computer.
C)1; Simple event because it is an event that consists of only one type of computer.
D)50; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.

Question 33

Determine the number of outcomes in the event. Then decide whether the event is a simple event or not. Explain your
reasoning.
You roll a six-sided die. Event B is rolling an even number.

A)3; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.
B)1; Simple event because it is an event that consists of a single outcome.
C)2; Not a simple event because it is an event that consists of more than a single outcome.
D)3; Simple event because the die is only rolled once.

Question 34

Use the fundamental counting principle to solve the problem.
How many different codes of 4 digits are possible if the first digit must be 3, 4, or 5 and if the code may not end in 0?

A)2700
B)300
C)2999
D)3000

Question 35

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: rolling a pair of 12-sided dice (with sides numbered
1-12)and observing the total number of points of each roll

Question 36

Use the fundamental counting principle to solve the problem.
A shirt company has 4 designs each of which can be made with short or long sleeves. There are 5 color patterns available. How many different shirts are available from this company?

A)40
B)20
C)9
D)11

Question 37

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. The probability that a train will be in an accident on a specific route is 1%.

A)empirical probability
B)classical probability
C)subjective probability

Question 38

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: rolling a single 12-sided die with sides numbered 1-12

Question 39

Provide an appropriate response.
Identify the sample space of the probability experiment: determining the childrenʹs gender for a family of three
children (Use B for boy and G for girl.)

Question 40

Use the fundamental counting principle to solve the problem.
A singer-songwriter wishes to compose a melody. Each note in the melody must be one of the 12 notes in her vocal range. How many different sequences of 3 notes are possible?

A)1728
B)531,441
C)36
D)1320

Question 41

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the events as dependent or independent. The events of getting two aces when two cards are drawn from a deck of playing cards and the first card is
Replaced before the second card is drawn.

A)independent
B)dependent

Question 42

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the events as dependent or independent. Events A and B where P(A)= 0.8, P(B)= 0.2, and P(A and B)= 0.16

A)independent
B)dependent

Question 43

Provide an appropriate response.

-Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. In California?s Pick Three lottery, a person selects a 3-digit number. The probability of winning California?s
Pick Three lottery is $\frac { 1 } { 1000 }$

A)classical probability
B)empirical probability
C)subjective probability

Question 44

Provide an appropriate response.

-A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | c | c | c } { \text { Class } } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Not a Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Freshman } & 40 & 20 & 60 \\\text { Sophomore } & 25 & 15 & 40 \\\text { Total } & 65 & 35 & 100\end{array}$$ If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she owns a credit card given that the student is a freshman. Round your answer to three decimal places.

A)0.667
B)0.333
C)0.615
D)0.400

Question 45

Provide an appropriate response.
At the local racetrack, the favorite in a race has odds 3:2 of losing. What is the probability that the favorite wins the race?

A)0.4
B)0.6
C)0.2
D)0.67

Question 46

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question
Explain why the following statement is incorrect:
He gave 110% effort.

Question 47

Provide an appropriate response.

-A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | c | c | c } { \text { Class } } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Not a Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Freshman } & 28 & 32 & 60 \\\text { Sophomore } & 10 & 30 & 40 \\\text { Total } & 38 & 62 & 100\end{array}$$ If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she is a sophomore and owns a credit card. Round your answers to three decimal places.

A)0.100
B)0.737
C)0.950
D)0.263

Question 48

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
You are dealt two cards successively without replacement from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that the first card is a two and the second card is a ten. Round your answer to three decimal places.

A)0.006
B)0.994
C)0.250
D)0.500

Question 49

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the events as dependent or independent. Event A: A red candy is selected from a package with 30 colored candies and eaten. Event B: A blue candy is selected from the same package and eaten.

A)dependent
B)independent

Question 50

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the events as dependent or independent. The events of getting two aces when two cards are drawn from a deck of playing cards and the first card is not replaced before the second card is drawn.

A)dependent
B)independent

Question 51

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the probability of answering two true or false questions correctly if random guesses are made. Only one of the choices is correct.

A)0.25
B)0.5
C)0.75
D)0.1

Question 52

Provide an appropriate response.

-A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | c | c | c } { \text { Class } } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Not a Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Freshman } & 11 & 49 & 60 \\\text { Sophomore } & 6 & 34 & 40 \\\text { Total } & 17 & 83 & 100\end{array}$$ If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she owns a credit card given that the student is a sophomore. Round your answer to three decimal places.

A)0.150
B)0.850
C)0.353
D)0.060

Question 53

Provide an appropriate response.

-Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. The probability that a newborn baby is a boy iis $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$

A)classical probability
B)empirical probability
C)subjective probability

Question 54

Provide an appropriate response.

-A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | c | c | c } { \text { Class } } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Not a Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Freshman } & 49 & 11 & 60 \\\text { Sophomore } & 12 & 28 & 40 \\\text { Total } & 61 & 39 & 100\end{array}$$ If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she is a freshman given that the student owns a credit card. Round your answers to three decimal places.

A)0.803
B)0.817
C)0.197
D)0.490

Question 55

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the events as dependent or independent. Events A and B where P(A)= 0.8, P(B)= 0.8, and P(A and B)= 0.63

A)dependent
B)independent

Question 56

Provide an appropriate response.
A card is picked at random from a standard deck of 52 playing cards. Find the odds that it is not a heart.

A)3:1
B)1:3
C)4:1
D)1:4

Question 57

Provide an appropriate response.
At the local racetrack, the favorite in a race has odds 3:2 of winning. What is the probability that the favorite wins the race?

A)0.6
B)0.4
C)0.2
D)1.5

Question 58

Provide an appropriate response.

-The $\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { A } ) = \frac { 3 } { 5 }$ Find the odds of winning an A.

A)3:2
B)2:3
C)3:5
D)5:2

Question 59

Provide an appropriate response.

-A group of students were asked if they carry a credit card. The responses are listed in the table. $$\begin{array} { l | c | c | c } { \text { Class } } & \begin{array} { c } \text { Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Not a Credit Card } \\\text { Carrier }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Freshman } & 21 & 39 & 60 \\\text { Sophomore } & 18 & 22 & 40 \\\text { Total } & 39 & 61 & 100\end{array}$$ If a student is selected at random, find the probability that he or she is a sophomore given that the student owns a credit card. Round your answers to three decimal places.

A)0.462
B)0.538
C)0.975
D)0.180

Question 60

Provide an appropriate response.
Classify the statement as an example of classical probability, empirical probability, or subjective probability. The probability that it will rain tomorrow is 63%.

A)subjective probability
B)classical probability
C)empirical probability

Question 61

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
A multiple-choice test has five questions, each with five choices for the answer. Only one of the choices is correct. You randomly guess the answer to each question. What is the probability that you answer the first two
Questions correctly?

A)0.04
B)0.2
C)0.02
D)0.4

Question 62

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
The probability it will rain is 40% each day over a three-day period. What is the probability it will rain at least
one of the three days?

Question 63

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. A person is selected at random. A: Their birthday is in the fall.
B: Their birthday is in October.

A)not mutually exclusive
B)mutually exclusive

Question 64

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
A multiple-choice test has five questions, each with five choices for the answer. Only one of the choices is
correct. You randomly guess the answer to each question. What is the probability that you do not answer any
of the questions correctly?

Question 65

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
The probability it will rain is 40% each day over a three-day period. What is the probability it will not rain at
least one of the three days?

Question 66

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the probability of selecting two consecutive threes when two cards are drawn without replacement from a
standard deck of 52 playing cards. Round your answer to four decimal places.

Question 67

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the following graph, which shows the types of incidents encountered with drivers using cell phones, to
find the probability that a randomly chosen incident involves either swerving or almost hitting a car.

Question 68

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. A card is drawn from a standard deck of 52 playing cards.
A: The result is a club.
B: The result is a king.

A)not mutually exclusive
B)mutually exclusive

Question 69

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the probability that of 25 randomly selected students, at least two share the same birthday.

A)0.569
B)0.068
C)0.432
D)0.995

Question 70

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the probability of getting four consecutive aces when four cards are drawn without replacement from a
standard deck of 52 playing cards.

Question 71

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
What is the probability that a husband, wife, and daughter have the same birthday?

Question 72

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the probability of answering the two multiple choice questions correctly if random guesses are made. Assume the questions each have five choices for the answer. Only one of the choices is correct.

A)0.04
B)0.004
C)0.4
D)0.02

Question 73

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the probability that of 25 randomly selected students, no two share the same birthday.

A)0.431
B)0.995
C)0.569
D)0.068

Question 74

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
A multiple-choice test has five questions, each with five choices for the answer. Only one of the choices is
correct. You randomly guess the answer to each question. What is the probability that you answer all five
questions correctly?

Question 75

Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
A multiple-choice test has five questions, each with five choices for the answer. Only one of the choices is
correct. You randomly guess the answer to each question. What is the probability that you answer at least one
of the questions correctly?

Question 76

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. A card is drawn from a standard deck of 52 playing cards.
A: The result is a 7.
B: The result is a jack.

A)mutually exclusive
B)not mutually exclusive

Question 77

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. A date in Philadelphia is selected.
A: It rains that day.
B: It snows that day.

A)not mutually exclusive
B)mutually exclusive

Question 78

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. A student is selected at random. A: The student is taking a math course.
B: The student is a business major.

A)not mutually exclusive
B)mutually exclusive

Question 79

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive. A die is rolled. A: The result is an odd number.
B: The result is an even number.

A)mutually exclusive
B)not mutually exclusive

Question 80

Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Decide if the events A and B are mutually exclusive or not mutually exclusive, A die is rolled. A: The result is a 3.
B: The result is an odd number.

A)not mutually exclusive
B)mutually exclusive