Deck 6: The Naturalist: Aristotle

Question 1

Aristotle founded the Academy.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

For Aristotle, form makes a substance what it is.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Aristotle held that there were at least two worlds.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Like Socrates, Aristotle was tried for failing to respect the gods of the state.

Question 5

Aristotle studied at Plato s school The Garden..

Question 6

Aristotle cultivated a lisp.

Question 7

Aristotle believed that the universe has been planned by something apart from it.

Question 8

Aristotle is called the father of science .

Question 9

Aristotle posited a hierarchy of forms.

Question 10

Aristotle took over Plato s school when he died.

Question 11

Aristotle held that form did not exist independently of the natural order.

Question 12

Aristotle accepted Platonic dualism.

Question 13

Aristotle was born in Stagira.

Question 14

Aristotle based his philosophical views on pure ideas.

Question 15

Naturalism denies the existence of a distinct supernatural order of reality.

Question 16

Aristotle was the tutor of Alexander the Great.

Question 17

Aristotle was known as the Philosopher.

Question 18

Aristotle tended to teach aristocratic children.

Question 19

Aristotle rejected naturalistic metaphysics.

Question 20

For Aristotle, the Forms make a substance what it is.

Question 21

How many Causes did Aristotle posit?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 22

From whom was the view that no man can be happy until he is dead derived?

A) Cicero
B) Plato
C) Solon
D) Alexander

Question 23

In Greek, virtue is

A) telos
B) daimon
C) arete
D) psyche

Question 24

The Final Cause is the form that the thing takes.

Question 25

Aristotle believed that he could explain how things changed.

Question 26

What term do we get for the Greek word for soul ?

A) Philosophy
B) Chemistry
C) Psychology
D) Humanism

Question 27

For Aristotle, happiness contains an element of

A) risk
B) luck
C) illness
D) devotion

Question 28

The material cause is the first of Aristotle s set of causes.

Question 29

A thing s triggering cause is its Efficient Cause.

Question 30

Zusya was a Hellenistic rabbi.

Question 31

Aristotle has a horizontal account of causation.

Question 32

The Greek word for cause is aitia .

Question 33

Another term for Final Cause is end .

Question 34

Aristotle s ethics is built of the concept of a hierarchy of

A) souls
B) goods
C) rights
D) duties

Question 35

For Aristotle, happiness is a quality of life

A) for the here and now
B) for the hereafter
C) unattainable by Greeks
D) unattainable by anyone

Question 36

For classical Greeks, happiness was understood in terms of

A) function
B) pleasure
C) utiles
D) qualities

Question 37

Who, for Aristotle, did not lack humanity?

A) Asians
B) Free male Athenians
C) Free female Athenians
D) Scots

Question 38

The purpose of a thing s existence is its telos.

Question 39

Entelechy is

A) the view that things just happen
B) the view that God is the cause of all things
C) the view that things do not just happen
D) the view that there is more than one world

Question 40

Aristotle wrote about money.

Question 41

Do you believe that a person could be made good through habituation? If not, why not? If so, what implications might this have for public education? Explain your answer.

Question 42

The excess of which cowardice represents the deficiency is

A) gluttony
B) foolhardiness
C) vanity
D) wildness

Question 43

What did Plato believe was the highest form of being?

A) The Good
B) The True
C) The Right
D) The Beautiful

Question 44

Aristotle held, with Solon, that events that occur after a person s death might be said to affect his happiness in life. Do you believe that this view is correct? Why, or why not? Given Aristotle s account of happiness, why might this be a strange view for him to adopt? How might he reconcile it with his position?

Question 45

The highest happiness, for Aristotle, comes from a life of

A) inactivity
B) reason
C) sports
D) religious devotion

Question 46

Who wrote that use almost can change the stamp of nature ?

A) Cicero
B) Plato
C) More
D) Shakespeare

Question 47

Sophrosyne is

A) wisdom as moderation
B) unhealthy excess
C) excessive greed
D) wisdom about religion

Question 48

What are moral virtues, according to Aristotle?

A) habits
B) decisions
C) inborn
D) spasms

Question 49

Do you agree with Aristotle s view of happiness? Why, or why not? Explain your answer, and take care to address Aristotle s own account as you do so.

Question 50

Aristotle based his moral philosophy on

A) religion
B) tolerance
C) moderation
D) pleasure

Question 51

Who held that a person s own manners might be his punishment?

A) Plato
B) Cicero
C) Shakespeare
D) More

Question 52

Do you believe that Aristotle has developed an account of ethics that is entirely free from cultural relativism, or not? Explain your answer, taking case both to provide an account of Aristotle s views and a definition of cultural relativism.

Question 53

For Aristotle, moral virtue was characterized as

A) deliberate
B) a mean
C) excess
D) involuntary

Question 54

Aristotle s conception of virtue is

A) Platonic
B) Epicurean
C) deontological
D) teleological

Question 55

What did Aristotle believe that every art aimed at?

A) Truth
B) Beauty
C) Rightness
D) Some good

Question 56

The good life, for Aristotle, is

A) static
B) a process
C) only for women
D) only for cattle

Question 57

For whom is a life devoted to pleasure fit for, according to Aristotle?

A) Free Athenians
B) Women
C) Philosophers
D) Cattle

Question 58

How does Aristotle s epistemology differ from that of Plato? Which do you believe is the most accurate, and why? Why do you believe that Aristotle rejected Plato s account?

Question 59

Eudaimonia is often translated as

A) Righteousness
B) Happiness
C) Dutifulness
D) Boastfulness

Question 60

What is the good to which all humans aspire, according to Aristotle?

A) virtue
B) pleasure
C) happiness
D) love

Question 61

Do you believe that a naturalistic approach to understanding human nature is a fully satisfactory one, or do you believe that it will omit important aspects of the human experience? Explain your answer.

Question 62

What are Aristotle s Four Causes, and how are they related to each other? Do you believe that this is a correct view of causation, or not? Justify your answer in each case.

Question 63

Do you believe that Aristotle provides room for the possibility that persons characters might change over the course of their lives? Explain your answer by reference to Aristotle s writings, as quoted in this text. What implications might this issue have for the criminal justice system?