Deck 12: Marriage and Alternative Family Arrange

Question 1

Which marriage pattern allows a man to have more than one wife?

A) polyandry
B) monopoly
C) monogamy
D) polygyny
E) polygamy

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The family is best suited to socialize young children because:

A) there are always at least two adults available for the process.
B) family members are most knowledgeable of the child s abilities and needs.
C) family members want to interact with the children.
D) parents are the experts in socializing children.
E) parents have once been children themselves.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A young couple lives with the wife s family. This is an example of:

A) daughter-preference.
B) patrilocal residence.
C) matrilocal residence.
D) polygyny.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A nuclear family consists of:

A) a husband-wife pair, their children, and in-laws.
B) a husband-wife pair and their dependent children.
C) any group of people related by common ancestry.
D) all close blood relatives who live together.
E) kinship groups, which are very tightly bound together.

Question 5

In the United States, the number of traditional families (married couples with children) has been:

A) looked down upon by parents who reside in traditional households.
B) discouraged by most social networks.
C) decreasing steadily.
D) discriminated against in the rental market.
E) all of the above

Question 6

Dwayne and Katrina are a married couple. They have two children and live with Katrina s brother s family. This is an example of what type of family?

A) extended
B) polygamous
C) nuclear
D) blended
E) combined

Question 7

The reason polygamy occurs relatively infrequently is that:

A) it is against the law nearly everywhere.
B) most cultures find it morally reprehensible.
C) it is expensive and only a few can afford it.
D) it weakens society by restricting the ties among members.
E) there are not enough societies with a surplus of women.

Question 8

The family created by a marriage union is called a(n):

A) family of orientation.
B) family of procreation.
C) neolocal family.
D) endogamous family.
E) family by marriage.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a feature of marriage in all societies?

A) a public and usually formal aspect
B) sexual intercourse as an explicit element of the relationship
C) romantic love as an important characteristic of the relationship
D) the intention of a stable and enduring relationship
E) essential conditions for legitimizing offspring

Question 10

The marriage pattern that provides for one spouse at a time for each member is called:

A) polygamy.
B) monogamy.
C) polyandry.
D) neolocalism.
E) endogamy.

Question 11

Tina is from a social group that encourages its members to marry people from different cultural and social backgrounds. This group uses the rule of:

A) homogamy.
B) polyandry.
C) socio-cultural marriage.
D) endogamy.
E) exogamy.

Question 12

Attitudes toward religious intermarriage:

A) are constant across most recognized religious groups.
B) vary somewhat from one religious group to another.
C) are seldom discussed.
D) are a part of most Sunday morning sermons.
E) are taught in schools.

Question 13

Tracing your kinship through your father and other males in the family is an example of what type of kinship?

A) limited
B) extended
C) matrilineal
D) patrilineal
E) male lineage

Question 14

Which of the following statements regarding the family s regulation of sexual behavior is correct?

A) No society permits random sexual behavior.
B) All societies have an incest taboo.
C) Almost all societies prohibit sex between parents and children.
D) all of the above

Question 15

Marriage is:

A) found in all societies.
B) a legitimized union between two individuals of opposite sexes.
C) intended to be a stable and enduring relationship.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 16

Through what type of relationship do most American families trace descent?

A) matrilineal
B) paternal
C) horizontal
D) patrilineal
E) bilateral

Question 17

Which of the following is a feature of romantic love?

A) love at first sight
B) love wins out over all
C) idealization of the loved one
D) the notion of a one and only
E) all of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of the family?

A) socializing children
B) providing social status
C) patterning reproduction
D) organizing production and consumption
E) all of the above

Question 19

In the society where Oscar lives, members are encouraged to marry someone within their cultural economic and religious group. This is an example of:

A) monogamy.
B) patrilineal descent.
C) exogamy.
D) endogamy.
E) socio-cultural descent.

Question 20

The rise in matriarchal families in America is due in large part to:

A) the rise of single-parent families headed by mothers.
B) the rise of single-parent families headed by fathers.
C) widespread implementation of no-fault divorce.
D) an increase in the number of childless couples.
E) a change in family style preferences.

Question 21

Interracial marriages in the United States are more likely to involve:

A) brides and grooms who are older than the national average.
B) at least one previously married partner.
C) grooms with more education than those in racially homogenous marriages.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 22

World War II affected the structure of the American family by:

A) encouraging women to enter the work force.
B) having couples delay marriage.
C) discouraging marriage.
D) increasing the role of the family in socializing children.
E) encouraging couples to produce large numbers of children.

Question 23

Jose and Melinda have just been married. They are expected to settle down within or near Jose s father s household. What type of residential pattern is this?

A) patriarchal
B) neolocal
C) patrilineal
D) independent
E) patrilocal

Question 24

Homogamy refers to:

A) stable marriage-like relationships between members of the same sex.
B) marriage rules that limit each individual to one spouse at a time.
C) the tendency to choose a spouse with a similar social and cultural background.
D) customs that prohibit the marriage of same-sex partners.
E) the laws in a society determining who can marry whom.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the nuclear family as it evolved in early 20th-century industrial society?

A) clear separation between work and leisure
B) increased equality for women
C) the child-centered family
D) increased links with kinship networks
E) neolocal residential patterns

Question 26

The most common type of interracial marriage in the United States involves a marriage between a:

A) white man and an African American woman.
B) white man and a nonwhite woman who is not African American.
C) white woman and an African American man.
D) white woman and a nonwhite man who is not African American.
E) African American man and nonwhite woman who is not African American.

Question 27

Interracial marriage in the United States:

A) is illegal in half of the states.
B) occurs mainly among lower-class individuals.
C) has declined significantly over the past twenty years.
D) has risen slightly over the past twenty years.
E) occurs mainly among upper-class individuals.

Question 28

If mate selection were random:

A) African Americans would be more likely to marry whites than other African Americans.
B) upper-class people would be even less likely to marry lower-class people.
C) inter-religious marriages would not exist.
D) divorce rates would be much higher.
E) marriage would be more inter-religious.

Question 29

Industrial society requires a family structure that allows for:

A) geographic mobility.
B) social mobility.
C) bilateral inheritance.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 30

The Industrial Revolution:

A) made families less mobile.
B) encouraged the formation of isolated nuclear families.
C) encouraged the formation of extended nuclear families.
D) guaranteed that the oldest child would inherit the family wealth.
E) encouraged the development of single-parent families.

Question 31

Which type of residence occurs when a married couple may choose whether to live with the husband s or wife s family of origin?

A) patrilocal
B) matrilocal
C) bilocal
D) neolocal
E) interlocal

Question 32

Len and Ramona are both teachers. They grew up in the same city and are about the same age. They teach at the same school and spend a lot of time together, which eventually results in dating. Should they marry, we would characterize their relationship as:

A) exogamy.
B) homogamy.
C) heterogamy.
D) polygamy.
E) endogamy.

Question 33

Social status homogamy in the United States is maintained by:

A) the environment of the typical high school.
B) moving immediately into the workforce environment where mates are selected.
C) going to college, which is its own dating environment.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above

Question 34

Kenneth and Elaine are a young American couple about to be married for the first time. It is likely that:

A) Kenneth and Elaine will be about the same age, with Kenneth being slightly older.
B) Kenneth will be at least five years older than Elaine.
C) Elaine will be about five years older than Kenneth.
D) Elaine will be at least ten years younger than Kenneth.
E) Kenneth will be at least ten years younger than Elaine.

Question 35

Over the last forty years, the median age at first marriage in the United States has:

A) stayed the same.
B) dropped slightly.
C) risen.
D) risen then dropped.
E) dropped substantially.

Question 36

By far the state with the highest percentage of interracial marriages is:

A) Hawaii.
B) Illinois.
C) Florida.
D) New York.
E) California.

Question 37

Joel and Rachel marry and take up residence away from their relatives. What type of residence is this?

A) patrilocal
B) matrilocal
C) neolocal
D) mobile
E) independent

Question 38

Which is the most common pattern of marriage in the world today?

A) blended families
B) polyandry
C) polygamy
D) cohabitation
E) monogamy

Question 39

How does the marriage rate at the end of World War II compare with today s marriage rate?

A) It is higher.
B) It is a little lower.
C) It is substantially lower.
D) There are no differences, as the rate has always been the same.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT one of the significant changes in the family that has occurred in the past 25 years?

A) The number of never-married people has doubled.
B) Unmarried-couple households have increased sevenfold.
C) The divorce rate has risen significantly.
D) More than one-fourth of all births are currently to unmarried women.
E) The divorce rate has fallen by half.

Question 41

Extended families are comprised of a married couple and their children.

Question 42

Why doesn t the high divorce rate produce a crisis in the reproduction of society?

A) Most people remarry and successfully raise their children.
B) No one has a strong set of shared values anymore.
C) High social and geographic mobility mean that people simply move away.
D) Marriage is unnecessary to support a society.
E) Divorce causes the birth rate to drop so there are fewer children to raise.

Question 43

What percentage of all households in the United States consist of husband and wife?

A) 58%
B) less than 50%
C) 55%
D) 75%
E) 80%

Question 44

In all societies, the family is the basic unit of economic cooperation.

Question 45

Households of gay and lesbian couples:

A) face unique problems based on open-sex partner life styles.
B) face far fewer problems because they do not have children.
C) face far more problems related to the harassment of their children.
D) face problems similar to heterosexual households, including insurance, benefits, and parenting.
E) have sky-rocketing abuse problems.

Question 46

In 2010, nearly 41% of all births in the United States were to:

A) unmarried women.
B) married women.
C) women over 30 years old.
D) women over 40 years old.
E) women who were employed full time.

Question 47

Today, approximately what percent of single-person households consist of the elderly?

A) 39%
B) 20%
C) 40%
D) 50%
E) more than 60%

Question 48

In regard to the divorce rate and remarriage:

A) the majority of people who divorce eventually remarry.
B) the majority of people who divorce do not remarry.
C) there is no relationship between the divorce rate and remarriage.
D) homogamy rules make remarriage more difficult.
E) homogamous beliefs lead people to remarry their first partner.

Question 49

Almost universally, incest rules prohibit sex between parents and their children.

Question 50

The nuclear family is the most basic family unit.

Question 51

About what percent of high school seniors think cohabitation is a good idea before getting married?

A) 15%
B) 10%
C) 25%
D) 62%

Question 52

Which of the following is not one of the patterns of homogamy in the U.S.?

A) age
B) race
C) religion
D) social status
E) family of origin

Question 53

Polyandry is a very rare form of family structure existing in only a few societies.

Question 54

In 2010, the number of divorces per 1,000 people was:

A) 5.1.
B) 9.4.
C) 3.6.
D) 38.4.
E) 62.1.

Question 55

The incest taboo forbids sexual relations among close relatives.

Question 56

What is the relationship between divorce and social visibility?

A) People hide the fact that they are divorced to avoid sanctions.
B) When people discover someone is divorced, that person is more likely to be harassed.
C) The more visible divorce has become, the more socially acceptable it is as a model.
D) The more visible divorce has become, the more people are objecting to how easy it is.
E) Individuals must come out as divorced so other single people will see they are eligible.

Question 57

In some societies, sexual behavior is essentially random.

Question 58

In the United States, the number of non-traditional households is on the rise.

Question 59

Excluding Japan, most of the world s industrialized countries are currently experiencing an increase in out-of-wedlock births.

Question 60

The family is ideally suited to the task of socializing children because its members know the child from birth.

Question 61

People who marry outside their religion have a lower divorce rate than people who marry within their religion.

Question 62

The most common type of interracial marriage is one between a black man and a white woman.

Question 63

Interracial marriages were legally banned in some parts of the United States into the 1960s.

Question 64

Throughout history, most people have freely chosen their own marriage partners.

Question 65

Divorce rates are highest among the upper classes.

Question 66

Alaska is second to Hawaii in the proportion of interracial marriages.

Question 67

Unlike many European nations, none of the American states has ever had legislation restricting marriage between people of different religions.

Question 68

Most of the world s societies, including the United States, have bilateral systems of descent.

Question 69

Under the matrilineal system, the generations are tied together through the females of a family.

Question 70

While age homogamy is true for whites, it does not hold true for African Americans.

Question 71

As recently as 1967, anti-interracial marriage laws existed in Virginia and several other states in the United States.

Question 72

Romantic love is closely associated with marriage in most societies.

Question 73

The dominant negative attitude toward religious intermarriage is the same no matter which group is addressed.

Question 74

While the number of marriages and the marriage rate has stayed relatively high, a rising share of eligible people are choosing not to marry.

Question 75

The transformation of the family is due in large part to industrialization.

Question 76

Mate selection in America is essentially random.

Question 77

Bilocal and neolocal residence allow for greater flexibility and economic advantages.

Question 78

By far the highest percentage of interracial marriages in the United States is in Hawaii.

Question 79

Using a matchmaker is one way to achieve homogamy.

Question 80

In a patriarchal family, most family affairs are dominated by men.