Question 1

Someone who occupies a central role or position of dominance and influence in a group would be a:&#10;A) coordinator&#10;B) role designator&#10;C) status occupant&#10;D) leader&#10;E) none of the above

Accepted Answer

A leader is someone who occupies a central role or position of dominance and influence in a group. They are responsible for guiding and directing the group towards a common goal. A coordinator is someone who helps organize and facilitate group activities but may not necessarily have the same level of influence and power as a leader. Role designators and status occupants do not necessarily imply leadership qualities. A person who occupies a central role or position of dominance and influence in a group is typically referred to as a leader. They guide and direct the actions and decisions of the group, and their status within the group is usually recognized by others. A coordinator may also have a central role in a group, but their focus is on organizing and managing tasks and resources, rather than influencing others. Role designator and status occupant are not commonly used terms in the context of group dynamics.

Question 2

Which of the following is something groups must do in order to function effectively?&#10;A) choose leaders&#10;B) define boundaries&#10;C) set goals&#10;D) assign tasks&#10;E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are necessary for a group to function effectively. Choosing leaders helps establish clear lines of authority and decision-making, defining boundaries helps members understand their roles and responsibilities within the group, setting goals provides a shared sense of purpose and direction, and assigning tasks ensures that work is evenly distributed and progress is made towards achieving the group's goals. All of the above options are important for a group to function effectively. Choosing leaders provides direction and guidance, defining boundaries helps establish who is part of the group and what its purpose is, setting goals gives the group a common objective to work towards, and assigning tasks ensures that everyone has a role to play and contributions to make towards meeting those goals.

Question 3

The most important quality of primary groups that is missing in secondary groups is:&#10;A) group goals.&#10;B) small size.&#10;C) interaction.&#10;D) shared expectations.&#10;E) intimacy.

Accepted Answer

Intimacy is the most important quality of primary groups that is missing in secondary groups. Primary groups are defined by close, personal relationships, while secondary groups are more formal and transactional. While secondary groups may have shared goals, expectations, and interaction, they do not have the same level of intimacy as primary groups. Intimacy, or close personal relationships, is the most important quality that is missing in secondary groups because these groups are larger and more impersonal, and members do not have the same level of emotional connection and support that is found in primary groups. While secondary groups may have group goals, small size, interaction, and shared expectations, they lack the depth of personal relationships that are the hallmark of primary groups.

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of an association?&#10;A) It can be characterized as a special-interest group.&#10;B) It is created to serve a specific purpose.&#10;C) It has official ways of doing things.&#10;D) all of the above&#10;E) none of the above

Accepted Answer

An association can be characterized as a special-interest group, it is created to serve a specific purpose, and it has official ways of doing things. Therefore, all of the above options are correct. A) An association can be characterized as a special-interest group because it is usually formed by individuals or organizations with a common interest, goal or purpose.
B) An association is created to serve a specific purpose, such as promoting a particular profession or industry, advocating for a cause or offering services to its members.
C) An association has official ways of doing things, such as a set of bylaws, policies, and procedures that govern its operations.

Question 5

At a restaurant eight people sit down to eat, and as the meal progresses they break up into smaller groups to talk. These smaller groups are called:&#10;A) dyads.&#10;B) triads.&#10;C) out-groups.&#10;D) subgroups.

Accepted Answer

The smaller groups formed during the meal are called subgroups. Dyads refer specifically to groups of two people, triads to groups of three. Out-groups refer to a group that an individual does not belong to, such as a rival company or sports team. The term "subgroups" refers to smaller groups that are formed within a larger group. In this scenario, the eight people at the restaurant break up into subgroups to talk. The other options, such as dyads and triads, refer to specific types of small groups with a particular number of members, and out-groups refer to a group that a person does not belong to.

Question 6

In general, social groups, regardless of their nature, have which of the following?&#10;A) permanence beyond the meeting of members&#10;B) means for identifying members&#10;C) goals or purposes&#10;D) norms for behavior&#10;E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Social groups, whether formal or informal, have permanence beyond the meeting of members, means for identifying members, goals or purposes, and norms for behavior. Therefore, all of the above options are correct. All of the given options are common characteristics shared by social groups. Social groups exist beyond the meeting of individual members, have ways of identifying members, have goals or purposes they work towards, and establish norms for behavior within the group to ensure cohesion and effective functioning.

Question 7

People have formed a social group when they:&#10;A) have a purpose.&#10;B) share certain role expectations.&#10;C) attach importance to what they re doing together.&#10;D) begin to feel special in contrast with others.&#10;E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above options are possible reasons for people forming a social group. A shared purpose or goal can unite people towards a common cause, while shared role expectations can ensure that everyone in the group understands their roles and responsibilities. Members of a social group may also attach importance to what they are doing together, whether it is for personal or group benefit. Additionally, feeling special or a sense of belonging within the group can be a powerful motivator for continued participation and engagement. All of the above statements are true for the formation of a social group. A group is formed when individuals come together for a common purpose, share certain roles and expectations among themselves, attach importance to the activities they do together, and feel a sense of belonging or distinctiveness in relation to others outside the group. These factors are essential to create and maintain a coherent and functioning social group.

Question 8

Which of the following would be a sociological example of the term group ?&#10;A) tennis fans&#10;B) pedestrians on a street&#10;C) nursing majors at a university&#10;D) people sitting on a bus

Accepted Answer

Nursing majors at a university would be a sociological example of a group because they share a common identity and are connected through their pursuit of a specific academic program. The other options describe collections of individuals who may not share a common identity or purpose. A group is defined as two or more individuals who interact and have a sense of unity or common identity. Nursing majors at a university fit this definition as they are a group of individuals interacting with each other and sharing a common identity as students in a particular major. The other options may involve individuals who are physically together, but they do not necessarily have a sense of unity or common identity as a group.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of social groups?&#10;A) common goals&#10;B) common identity&#10;C) feeling of unity&#10;D) group life expectancy of at least three months&#10;E) shared norms

Accepted Answer

A period of three months is not a necessary characteristic of social groups. The other options are common characteristics of social groups, such as having common goals, a shared identity, a feeling of unity, and shared norms. The group life expectancy of at least three months is not a characteristic of social groups. While social groups can exist for extended periods of time, there is not a minimum requirement for how long a group must exist to be considered a social group. The other options are all common characteristics of social groups.

Question 10

People who meet together and are few enough members so that all members know one another are known as a(n):&#10;A) total group.&#10;B) aggregate.&#10;C) small group.&#10;D) deviant group.&#10;E) out group.

Accepted Answer

A small group is typically defined as a gathering of individuals who are small enough in number to allow for each member to know one another. The other options are not accurate descriptions of this type of group. For example, a total group is not defined by its size or members' level of familiarity with one another, but rather refers to a group that encompasses all individuals within a given society or population. An aggregate, on the other hand, refers to a collection of individuals who may not necessarily interact with one another, such as a group of people who are all diagnosed with a particular disease. A deviant group refers to a group whose behavior or values deviate from social norms, while an out group refers to a group that is distinct from one's own group or community. A small group is typically defined as a group that consists of a limited number of members (usually no more than 15) who share a common purpose or objective and know each other personally. The other options do not fit this definition.

Question 11

School class rings, code words, and special handshakes all serve what function?&#10;A) define group boundaries&#10;B) develop primary relationships&#10;C) develop secondary relationships&#10;D) gain entry into reference groups&#10;E) make members feel good

Accepted Answer

The answer of School class rings, code words, and special...

Question 12

What is the sociological name for strangers waiting in line to buy concert tickets?&#10;A) group&#10;B) clique&#10;C) social aggregate&#10;D) social category&#10;E) social collection

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the sociological name for strangers...

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of a primary group?&#10;A) members of a local historical society&#10;B) all the passengers on a given train&#10;C) college students&#10;D) members of a family&#10;E) members of a national honor society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 14

Instrumental leadership refers to leadership that emphasizes the:&#10;A) necessity of absolute compliance from members.&#10;B) emotional well-being of members.&#10;C) personal satisfaction of job performance by all members.&#10;D) use of tools in the decision-making process.&#10;E) completion of tasks by members.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instrumental leadership refers to leadership that emphasizes...

Question 15

A(n) ____________ is a formal, rationally organized social structure with clearly defined patterns of activity in which, ideally, every series of actions is functionally related to the purposes of the organization.

A) gesellschaft
B) association
C) collective conscience
D) bureaucracy
E) corporation

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ____________ is a formal, rationally organized...

Question 16

Three students stay after class to go over their notes. This group would be called a:&#10;A) triad.&#10;B) dyad.&#10;C) triage.&#10;D) trio.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Three students stay after class to go...

Question 17

Secondary groups:&#10;A) are impersonal.&#10;B) are formally organized.&#10;C) usually have specific goals.&#10;D) are characterized by less intimacy than primary groups.&#10;E) all of the above are characteristics of secondary groups

Accepted Answer

The answer of Secondary groups:&#10;A) are impersonal.&#10;B) are formally organized.&#10;C)...

Question 18

How would a sociologist describe you and the people you meet and talk to at the bus stop everyday on your way to work?&#10;A) secondary group&#10;B) social aggregate&#10;C) temporary group&#10;D) primary group&#10;E) occasional group

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would a sociologist describe you and...

Question 19

Who first developed a framework to describe bureaucracies?&#10;A) Karl Marx&#10;B) Solomon Asch&#10;C) Georg Simmel&#10;D) Max Weber&#10;E) mile Durkheim

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who first developed a framework to describe...

Question 20

Which of the following statements about reference groups is correct?&#10;A) People experience anticipatory socialization if they want to join a group badly enough.&#10;B) Reference groups only influence their members.&#10;C) Membership in a reference group is an ascribed status.&#10;D) Reference groups only influence behavior in positive ways.&#10;E) Reference groups are of almost no importance in modern societies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about reference...

Question 21

The style of leadership in which the leader works to keep relations among group members harmonious and morale high is known as:&#10;A) expressive.&#10;B) instrumental.&#10;C) bureaucratic.&#10;D) hostile.&#10;E) heavy-handed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The style of leadership in which the...

Question 22

A splinter group within the larger group is called a:&#10;A) subgroup.&#10;B) reference group.&#10;C) association.&#10;D) triad.&#10;E) expressive group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A splinter group within the larger group...

Question 23

Which of the following statements is true about institutions in society?&#10;A) Institutions move frequently and change their address, so they are mobile.&#10;B) Institutions provide stability in the organization of a society that balances change and uncertainty.&#10;C) Institutions are so corrupt today that it is unclear how they function to benefit the majority of people in our society.&#10;D) Institutional patterns have always been ideal types rather than identifiable fundamental relationships.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 24

A characteristic of bureaucracy is that power and responsibility making are typically:&#10;A) informal and unplanned.&#10;B) democratic and open to discussion.&#10;C) horizontal.&#10;D) hierarchical.&#10;E) longitudinal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A characteristic of bureaucracy is that power...

Question 25

When another person joins a dyad, a(n) _____ results.&#10;A) subgroup&#10;B) reference group&#10;C) association&#10;D) triad&#10;E) expressive group

Accepted Answer

The answer of When another person joins a dyad, a(n)...

Question 26

What term is used to describe how an organization s written rules and regulations apply equally to all its members with no exceptions due to social or psychological differences?&#10;A) impartiality&#10;B) apathy&#10;C) clear-cut division of labor&#10;D) hierarchical delegation of power and responsibility&#10;E) distinction between public and private spheres

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term is used to describe how...

Question 27

Michels Iron Law of Oligarchy holds that bureaucracies:&#10;A) eventually lead to political dictatorship.&#10;B) are inevitable in any democratic society.&#10;C) are outdated forms of social organization.&#10;D) always become dominated by a small group of self-serving elites.&#10;E) eventually come to meet the needs of their members.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Michels Iron Law of Oligarchy holds that...

Question 28

A _____ is a system of fundamental beliefs and values.&#10;A) gesellschaft&#10;B) gemeinschaft&#10;C) collective conscience&#10;D) bureaucracy&#10;E) organic

Accepted Answer

The answer of A _____ is a system of fundamental...

Question 29

Which of the following is a characteristic of a bureaucracy?&#10;A) a clear-cut division of labor&#10;B) a hierarchy&#10;C) rules and regulations&#10;D) impartiality&#10;E) all of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a characteristic...

Question 30

The style of leadership in which the leader actively proposes tasks and plans to guide the group toward achieving its goals is known as:&#10;A) expressive.&#10;B) instrumental.&#10;C) bureaucratic.&#10;D) hostile.&#10;E) heavy-handed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The style of leadership in which the...

Question 31

In a(n) _____, the society s collective conscience is strong and there is a great commitment to that collective conscience.&#10;A) organically integrated society&#10;B) mechanically integrated society&#10;C) corporation&#10;D) bureaucracy&#10;E) association

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a(n) _____, the society s collective...

Question 32

A(n) _____ depends on the cooperation of individuals in many different positions who perform specialized tasks.&#10;A) organically integrated society&#10;B) mechanically integrated society&#10;C) corporation&#10;D) bureaucracy&#10;E) association

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) _____ depends on the cooperation of...

Question 33

Relationships that are impersonal and independent are known as:&#10;A) gesellschaft.&#10;B) gemeinschaft.&#10;C) reference.&#10;D) bureaucracy.&#10;E) organic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Relationships that are impersonal and independent are...

Question 34

Which of the following would NOT be regarded by Weber as a major characteristic of bureaucracy?&#10;A) heavy reliance on written rules and regulations&#10;B) a clear-cut division of labor&#10;C) a tendency toward favoritism and nepotism&#10;D) a clear distinction between public and private spheres&#10;E) None of these are major characteristics of bureaucracy according to Weber.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would NOT be...

Question 35

Someone who occupies a central role or position of dominance and influence in a group is known as the:&#10;A) leader.&#10;B) dictator.&#10;C) boss.&#10;D) superior.&#10;E) bully.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Someone who occupies a central role or...

Question 36

Relationships that are intimate, cooperative, and personal are known as:&#10;A) gesellschaft.&#10;B) gemeinschaft.&#10;C) reference.&#10;D) bureaucracy.&#10;E) organic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Relationships that are intimate, cooperative, and personal...

Question 37

According to Robert Michels, oligarchy often develops in bureaucracies:&#10;A) if there are no reference groups.&#10;B) when there are too many people to permit group decision making.&#10;C) when leadership is too authoritarian.&#10;D) if leaders are not selected from the appropriate class backgrounds.&#10;E) when the level of creativity among members is too limited for democracy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Robert Michels, oligarchy often develops...

Question 38

In a bureaucracy, people are hired because they:&#10;A) have collective conscience.&#10;B) belong to the right associations.&#10;C) have personal contacts within the company.&#10;D) have the ability and skills to do the job.&#10;E) are used to working in corporations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a bureaucracy, people are hired because...

Question 39

_____ emerges from people s commitment and conformity to the society s collective conscience.&#10;A) Gesellschaft&#10;B) Gemeinschaft&#10;C) Collective conscience&#10;D) Bureaucracy&#10;E) Social solidarity

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ emerges from people s commitment and...

Question 40

Which social category allows an individual to help define beliefs, attitudes, and values and to guide behavior?&#10;A) association&#10;B) incorporation&#10;C) reference group&#10;D) expressive group&#10;E) subgroup

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which social category allows an individual to...

Question 41

A hallmark of bureaucracy in its ideal form is its impartiality towards members.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A hallmark of bureaucracy in its ideal...

Question 42

Leadership is always held by the same person within a group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Leadership is always held by the same...

Question 43

Society s fundamental needs are fulfilled through:&#10;A) social networking.&#10;B) primary group relationships.&#10;C) economic networks at the large group level.&#10;D) social institutions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Society s fundamental needs are fulfilled through:&#10;A)...

Question 44

Primary groups are characterized by face-to-face association and cooperation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Primary groups are characterized by face-to-face association...

Question 45

We function as part of large groups by serving as employees in a large corporation or as a patron of a large business.

Accepted Answer

The answer of We function as part of large groups...

Question 46

Social interactions and decisions of individuals make sense in the collective context of:&#10;A) social organization.&#10;B) personal value systems.&#10;C) whether people are acquaintances or close.&#10;D) the number of competing primary groups in a person s life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social interactions and decisions of individuals make...

Question 47

Groups tend to:&#10;A) descend to the level of the worst member.&#10;B) mimic or copy the behavior of the most successful member.&#10;C) often pattern their rules after historical precedents that are part of collective memory.&#10;D) ascend to the level of a core of regular leaders.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Groups tend to:&#10;A) descend to the level...

Question 48

Taken together, all the fans at a basketball game have the characteristics necessary to be referred to as a social group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Taken together, all the fans at a...

Question 49

People are sometimes defined as being a part of a specific group because they share certain characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People are sometimes defined as being a...

Question 50

The American Sociological Association is a(n):&#10;A) loose network of people interested in sociology.&#10;B) primary group.&#10;C) special interest group.&#10;D) occupational identity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The American Sociological Association is a(n):&#10;A) loose...

Question 51

People with similar characteristics do not become a social group unless concrete, dynamic interrelations develop among them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with similar characteristics do not become...

Question 52

In a bureaucracy, a clear distinction is made between the employee s personal lives and their working lives.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a bureaucracy, a clear distinction is...

Question 53

Social groups can be large, small, or long-lasting, but cannot be temporary.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social groups can be large, small, or...

Question 54

A professional association is:&#10;A) a secondary group.&#10;B) a primary group.&#10;C) the source of role order in an occupation.&#10;D) a splinter or subgroup of bureaucracy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A professional association is:&#10;A) a secondary group.&#10;B)...

Question 55

All groups must have a purpose, a goal, or a set of goals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All groups must have a purpose, a...

Question 56

It is not important for group members to know what needs to be done or who is doing it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is not important for group members...

Question 57

The strength of weak ties refers to:&#10;A) the influence of family and primary groups even at a geographic distance.&#10;B) how institutions use bureaucratic rules to bind diverse people together.&#10;C) the likelihood of finding something you need through an acquaintance in a network.&#10;D) how pattern-driven human beings are because we copy one another in social action.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The strength of weak ties refers to:&#10;A)...

Question 58

Associations tend to have goals that are not clearly defined.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Associations tend to have goals that are...

Question 59

People traveling on a bus that have no interaction with one another are considered a social group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People traveling on a bus that have...

Question 60

New members are more threatening to small groups than to large groups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of New members are more threatening to small...

Question 61

Gesellschaft relationships are impersonal and independent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gesellschaft relationships are impersonal and independent....

Question 62

Purposefully created special-interest groups that have clearly defined goals and official ways of doing things are called associations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Purposefully created special-interest groups that have clearly...

Question 63

Social solidarity emerges from people s commitment and conformity to the society s collective conscience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social solidarity emerges from people s commitment...

Question 64

One thing that most bureaucracies have in common is a structure that separates those whose responsibilities include keeping in mind the overall needs of the entire organization from those whose responsibilities are much more narrow and task-oriented.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One thing that most bureaucracies have in...

Deck 6: Social Groups and Organizations