Deck 4: Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

Question 1

The tissue that lines internal surfaces of the body is

A) epithelial.
B) loose connective.
C) supportive connective.
D) fibrous.
E) adipose.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Pseudostratified epithelial tissue is found lining the

A) throat.
B) digestive tract..
C) inside of the skull.
D) peritoneal cavity.
E) adipose layer.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Some simple epithelia have one layer that appears to be several layers due to the cells' nuclei not lining up. This type of tissue is

A) stratified.
B) columnar.
C) cuboidal.
D) squamous.
E) pseudostratified.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Endocrine glands produce

A) enzymes.
B) oils.
C) waxes.
D) hormones.
E) milk.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about exocrine glands is NOT accurate?

A) Products may be secreted onto a free surface.
B) Secretions reach their destination by way of tubes and ducts.
C) Hormones are produced by exocrines.
D) They are derived from epithelium.
E) Saliva is an exocrine secretion.

Question 6

Embryonic stem cells are controversial because

A) they have the potential to become any type of cell.
B) they have the potential to become gametes.
C) using them has the potential to save lives.
D) using them harms or destroys the embryo.
E) they have the potential to be used in cloning.

Question 7

What type of epithelium would you expect to find where there is considerable secretion of enzymes such as the small intestine?

A) cuboidal
B) squamous
C) columnar
D) pseudostratified
E) basement

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT included in connective tissues?

A) bone
B) skeletal muscle
C) cartilage
D) collagen
E) blood

Question 9

Which of the follwoing is NOT true of sebaceous glands?

A) They secrete oil.
B) They are found in the skin.
C) They release entire cells with the secretion.
D) They are exocrine glands.
E) They produce hormones.

Question 10

The inner surface of epithelial tissue rests on a

A) layer of adipose tissue.
B) basement membrane.
C) layer of connective tissue.
D) mix of cells and proteins.
E) mix of cells and polysaccharides.

Question 11

Simple epithelial cells are specialized for all of the following functions EXCEPT

A) secretion.
B) protection.
C) filtration.
D) contraction.
E) absorption.

Question 12

What type of tissue is characterized by adherence to a basement membrane on one side and a free surface on the opposite?

A) connective
B) muscle
C) nervous
D) epithelial
E) adipose

Question 13

The type of epithelial cell found in the lining of the stomach, intestinal tract, and uterus is

A) simple cuboidal.
B) simple squamous.
C) simple columnar.
D) stratified.
E) stratified columnar.

Question 14

The basement membrane is made of

A) connective tissue.
B) epithelial tissue.
C) adipose tissue.
D) proteins and polysaccharides.
E) carbohydrates and lipids.

Question 15

Stratified epithelium is typically used for

A) protection.
B) secretion.
C) absorption.
D) excretion.
E) reproduction.

Question 16

Tears, milk, sweat, and oil are secreted by glands made of what tissue?

A) epithelial
B) loose connective
C) lymphoid
D) nervous
E) adipose

Question 17

The principal difference between simple and stratified epithelium is in the number of

A) cell layers.
B) total cells.
C) nuclei per cell.
D) free surfaces.
E) microvilli.

Question 18

Hormones are released

A) by exocrine glands.
B) directly into the fluid surrounding the gland.
C) through ducts.
D) through tubes.
E) directly into intracellular fluid of the gland.

Question 19

Which epithelial cell is modified for diffusion?

A) cuboidal
B) simple squamous
C) simple columnar
D) stratified squamous
E) stratified columnar

Question 20

Exocrine glands secrete all of the following except

A) enzymes.
B) sweat.
C) milk.
D) saliva.
E) hormones.

Question 21

The fluid portion of the blood is called

A) plasma.
B) formed elements.
C) interstitial.
D) extracellular matrix.
E) exocrine.

Question 22

Hyaline cartilage is found in

A) intervertebral discs.
B) the outer flaps of the ears.
C) adipose tissue.
D) the trachea.
E) in the knee joint.

Question 23

Bone tissue is hard because its matrix contains

A) collagen.
B) iron.
C) several minerals.
D) calcium salts.
E) elastic fibers.

Question 24

If its cells are striated and abut at the ends so that the cells contract as a unit, the tissue is

A) smooth muscle.
B) dense fibrous connective.
C) supportive connective.
D) cardiac muscle.
E) hyaline cartilage.

Question 25

Tendons connect

A) bones to bones.
B) bones to ligaments.
C) muscles to bones.
D) bones to cartilage.
E) ligament to cartilage.

Question 26

What type of tissue is blood?

A) epithelial
B) muscular
C) connective
D) adipose
E) noncellular fluid

Question 27

Collagen fibers are characteristic of which tissue?

A) muscle
B) epithelial
C) connective
D) nervous
E) embryonic

Question 28

What is the name given to the type of cartilage that is found in the disks between the vertebrae?

A) chondrocytes
B) elastic
C) compact
D) hyaline
E) fibrocartilage

Question 29

Elastic cartilage is found in

A) the ends of long bones.
B) the outer flaps of the ears.
C) intervertebral discs.
D) the trachea.
E) the ribs.

Question 30

Extracellular ground substance is composed of

A) liquid proteins.
B) lipids.
C) polysaccharides.
D) fibrous proteins.
E) specialized cells.

Question 31

Most adipose tissue is located

A) just beneath the skin.
B) in the abdominal cavity.
C) surrounding organs.
D) in the digestive tract.
E) in all of these locations.

Question 32

The structure that makes loose connective tissue flexible is

A) collagen.
B) adipose tissue.
C) jellylike ground substance.
D) calcium salts.
E) elastic fibers.

Question 33

Blood plasma contains all of the following BUT

A) proteins.
B) several types of blood cells.
C) platelets.
D) fluid.
E) lipids.

Question 34

Adipose tissue cells are filled with

A) minerals.
B) fat.
C) cartilage.
D) fibers.
E) muscles.

Question 35

Dense, regular tissues that connect bone to bone are called

A) muscles.
B) cartilage.
C) ligaments.
D) tendons.
E) organelles.

Question 36

Elastic cartilage is found

A) in the nose.
B) at the ends of bones.
C) in the external ear.
D) between vertebrae.
E) embryonic skeleton.

Question 37

Cartilage lacks

A) matrix.
B) collagen.
C) blood vessels.
D) cells.
E) ground substance.

Question 38

Connective tissues include all the following EXCEPT

A) cartilage.
B) blood.
C) bone.
D) fat.
E) outer skin.

Question 39

An extracellular ground substance is characteristic of

A) muscle tissue.
B) epithelial tissue.
C) connective tissue.
D) nervous tissue.
E) embryonic tissue.

Question 40

All of the following could be used to describe some aspect of a cartilage cell EXCEPT

A) chondrocyte.
B) calcium salts.
C) ground substance.
D) chondroblast.
E) matrix.

Question 41

Outside the brain and spinal cord, which cells provide insulation to nerves?

A) microglia
B) astrocytes
C) oligodendrocytes
D) Schwann cells
E) satellite cells

Question 42

What would form open channels that directly link the cytoplasms of adjacent cells?

A) gap junction
B) adhering junction
C) tight junction
D) microvillus
E) merocrine

Question 43

Smooth muscles are NOT

A) striated and voluntary.
B) isolated, spindle-shaped cells.
C) found in the walls of hollow structures such as blood vessels and the stomach.
D) involuntary and nonstriated.
E) associated with the parasympathetic nervous system "rest and digest" phase.

Question 44

Cardiac muscle's sole function is to

A) help move blood to supply itself with oxygen and nutrients.
B) pump blood.
C) control blood pressure.
D) control heart rate.
E) oxygenate the blood.

Question 45

Strands of protein that help stop substances from leaking across a tissue are called

A) gap junctions.
B) adhering junctions.
C) intercalated discs
D) tight junctions.
E) desmosomes.

Question 46

The cells that carry signals to muscles and glands are the

A) sensory neurons.
B) neuroglia.
C) dendrites only.
D) motor neurons.
E) axons only.

Question 47

Outgoing messages are conducted by

A) an axon.
B) any process that is long enough to reach the receptor.
C) numerous dendrites.
D) the intervention of the neuroglia.
E) chondrocytes.

Question 48

Cardiac muscle cells are associated with

A) bundles.
B) a sheath of dense connective tissue.
C) voluntary responses.
D) cells tapered at both ends.
E) communication junctions.

Question 49

Glial cells make up approximately what percentage of the nervous system?

A) 50%
B) 75%
C) 90%
D) 10%
E) 60%

Question 50

Accessory cells in nervous tissue are called

A) neurons.
B) neuroglia.
C) chondrocytes.
D) formed elements.
E) nerves.

Question 51

The basic cells that the body uses for rapid communication and control are

A) neurons.
B) neuroglia.
C) chondrocytes.
D) formed elements.
E) nerves.

Question 52

Impulses are received by nerve cells through

A) an axon.
B) any process that is long enough to reach the receptor.
C) numerous dendrites.
D) the intervention of the neuroglia.
E) chondrocytes.

Question 53

What type of junction would be found in an organ such as the stomach which is subjected to considerable stretching?

A) gap junction
B) adhering junction
C) tight junction
D) microvillus
E) merocrine

Question 54

Highly acidic gastric secretions are kept from leaking out of the stomach by

A) desmosomes.
B) tight junctions.
C) adhering junctions.
D) gap junctions.
E) intercalated discs.

Question 55

What would be used between cells to allow communication?

A) gap junction
B) desmosome
C) tight junction
D) intercalated discs
E) adhering junctions

Question 56

Muscle that is NOT striped and is involuntary is

A) cardiac.
B) skeletal.
C) striated.
D) smooth.
E) both cardiac and smooth.

Question 57

Scientists at NIH are making progress in using stem-cells to cure

A) Parkinson's disease.
B) type 2 diabetes.
C) sickle-cell anemia.
D) bipolar disorder.
E) anorexia.

Question 58

Striated means

A) multinucleated.
B) fibrous.
C) voluntary.
D) striped.
E) bundled.

Question 59

Cells that remove debris, provide support, bring nutrients and produce nerve insulation are

A) neurons.
B) chondrocytes.
C) neuroglia.
D) osteocytes.
E) hepatocytes.

Question 60

A nerve may be as long as

A) one inch.
B) 12 inches.
C) a few millimeters.
D) 3 or 4 feet.
E) one foot.

Question 61

The cutaneous membrane is also known as

A) the stomach lining.
B) the skin.
C) the brain.
D) the heart lining.
E) the lung lining.

Question 62

Membranes that line the tubes and cavities of the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive systems are called

A) mucous.
B) dense, regular.
C) desmosomes.
D) apocrine.
E) serous.

Question 63

The thoracic cavity contains the heart and

A) stomach.
B) lungs.
C) liver.
D) brain.
E) pancreas.

Question 64

Synovial membranes are found in

A) the stomach.
B) the heart.
C) the lungs.
D) tendon sheaths and joint capsules.
E) ureters and the urethra.

Question 65

Integration of body functions is controlled by the

A) respiratory system.
B) nervous system.
C) endocrine system.
D) defense system.
E) both the nervous and endocrine systems.

Question 66

Which structure separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

A) the diaphragm
B) the liver
C) the stomach
D) the duodenum
E) the ribs

Question 67

The skin is part of which system?

A) integumentary
B) muscular
C) skeletal
D) endocrine
E) respiratory

Question 68

Which system produces blood cells?

A) endocrine
B) skeletal
C) muscular
D) defense
E) integumentary

Question 69

Which system collects and returns tissue fluid to the blood?

A) immune system.
B) skeletal system.
C) integumentary system.
D) endocrine system.
E) lymphatic system.

Question 70

The endocrine system functions in

A) conduction.
B) contraction.
C) hormonal control of body functioning.
D) protection against disease.
E) cell production.

Question 71

Membranes that do NOT contain gland cells are termed

A) mucous.
B) dense, regular.
C) desmosomes.
D) apocrine.
E) serous.

Question 72

The maintenance of the volume and composition of body fluids is the direct responsibility of which system?

A) integumentary
B) immune
C) digestive
D) urinary
E) circulatory

Question 73

Protection from injury, dehydration, and microbes is provided by the

A) immune system.
B) skeletal system.
C) integumentary system.
D) endocrine system.
E) lymphatic system.

Question 74

Gap junctions are most plentiful in

A) striated muscle.
B) the stomach.
C) smooth and cardiac muscle.
D) the brain.
E) the spinal cord.

Question 75

Which system is involved with heat production?

A) endocrine system
B) nervous system
C) muscular system
D) respiratory system
E) skeletal system

Question 76

Which system rapidly transports materials to and from the cells?

A) endocrine system
B) nervous system
C) circulatory system
D) respiratory system
E) skeletal system

Question 77

There are no glands in the mucous membrane that lines the

A) digestive system.
B) respiratory system.
C) reproductive system.
D) intestinal system.
E) urinary system.

Question 78

The central nervous system is housed in the

A) cranial and spinal cavities.
B) cranial cavity only.
C) thoracic cavity.
D) pelvic cavity.
E) abdominal cavity.

Question 79

Which membranes occur in paired sheets?

A) synovial
B) cutaneous
C) mucous
D) serous
E) basement

Question 80

The word integument is derived from the word for

A) protection.
B) support.
C) covering.
D) contraction.
E) resistance.