Deck 8: Blood

Question 1

If a test tube of whole blood is subjected to centrifugation, the cells will be packed in the bottom of the tube and the fluid above it will be designated

A) water.
B) serum.
C) lymph.
D) interstitial fluid.
E) plasma.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

About how many liters of blood does an average-sized adult woman have?

A) 1 to 2
B) 3 to 4
C) 4 to 5
D) 5 to 6
E) 6 to 7

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Hemoglobin contains which element?

A) chlorine
B) sodium
C) iron
D) copper
E) magnesium

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Fibrin, used in blood clots, is produced by

A) lymphocytes.
B) basophils.
C) erythrocytes.
D) neutrophils.
E) platelets.

Question 5

Ions in plasma help to

A) control blood pressure.
B) fight infections.
C) maintain volume and pH of extracellular fluid.
D) clot blood.
E) digest nutrients.

Question 6

Which cell is NOT involved with the defense response?

A) erythrocytes
B) neutrophils
C) lymphocytes
D) eosinophils
E) monocytes

Question 7

All but which of the following can occur in the blood?

A) digestion of nutrients
B) combining of oxygen with hemoglobin
C) transport of phagocytic cells
D) stabilization of pH
E) equalization of internal temperatures

Question 8

All of the following promote the unloading of oxygen to needy tissues EXCEPT

A) high metabolism.
B) abundant oxygen supply.
C) higher temperatures.
D) lower pH.
E) small diameter blood vessels.

Question 9

The most abundant white blood cells are

A) eosinophils.
B) lymphocytes.
C) monocytes.
D) basophils.
E) neutrophils.

Question 10

What percent of the total blood volume is plasma?

A) 25
B) 40
C) 55
D) 65
E) about 80

Question 11

Megakaryocytes fragment to produce

A) red blood cells.
B) lymphocytes.
C) platelets.
D) eosinophils.
E) neutrophils.

Question 12

Which cell is the most abundant in the human body?

A) lymphocytes
B) basophils
C) erythrocytes
D) neutrophils
E) platelets

Question 13

Too little albumin may cause

A) cancer.
B) blood clots.
C) edema.
D) low blood pressure.
E) bleeding.

Question 14

Most of the oxygen in the blood is transported by

A) plasma.
B) serum.
C) platelets.
D) hemoglobin.
E) leukocytes.

Question 15

Plasma is mostly

A) proteins.
B) salts.
C) water.
D) fats.
E) hormones.

Question 16

Two-thirds of the plasma proteins are

A) chitin.
B) keratin.
C) elastin.
D) albumin.
E) glycoproteins.

Question 17

What is the function of hemoglobin?

A) to transport nutrients
B) to transport oxygen
C) to transport carbon dioxide
D) to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
E) to transport wastes

Question 18

Which of the following leukocytes are classified as granulocytes?

A) monocytes
B) lymphocytes
C) macrophages
D) natural killer cells
E) neutrophils

Question 19

Blood rich in oxygen is what color?

A) yellow
B) pink
C) bright red
D) blue
E) purple

Question 20

Which cell is NOT the same type as the others?

A) erythrocytes
B) neutrophils
C) lymphocytes
D) eosinophils
E) monocytes

Question 21

About how long does the average red blood cell live?

A) 4 days
B) 4 weeks
C) 4 months
D) 1 year
E) 4 years

Question 22

Which blood type is the universal donor?

A) A+
B) B
C) AB+
D) AB
E) O

Question 23

In humans, which cell does NOT have a nucleus when mature?

A) erythrocytes
B) lymphocytes
C) neutrophils
D) eosinophils
E) monocytes

Question 24

In the Rh disease,

A) the mother must be positive and her first and second children positive.
B) the mother must be negative and her first and second children positive.
C) the mother must be negative and her first and second children negative.
D) the mother must be positive and her first and second children negative.
E) the mother and the father must both be negative and the child positive.

Question 25

Which blood type is the universal recipient?

A) A
B) B+
C) AB+
D) AB
E) O+

Question 26

An extreme case of Rh disease is known as

A) hemolytic disease of the newborn.
B) Down syndrome.
C) Tay-Sachs disease.
D) sickle cell anemia.
E) polycythemia.

Question 27

When the oxygen level in the blood is low, which of the following secretes erythropoietin, causing an increase in red blood cell production?

A) lungs
B) kidneys
C) liver
D) spleen
E) pancreas

Question 28

When erythrocytes are old or die, how are they removed from the blood stream?

A) the liver filters them out
B) they break up into small particles and are cleared out by the kidneys.
C) they dissolve into liquid and circulate in that form in the blood
D) they are attacked by macrophages and removed
E) they stay as intact dead cells and are filtered out by the kidneys

Question 29

On average, an adult male's red blood cell count is around

A) 5.4 million per cubic millimeter.
B) 3.6 million per cubic millimeter.
C) 4.8 million per cubic millimeter.
D) 6.0 million per cubic millimeter.
E) 7.1 million per cubic millimeter.

Question 30

Red blood cells do not contain

A) a cell membrane.
B) cytoplasm.
C) hemoglobin.
D) a nucleus.
E) a nucleus and other organelles.

Question 31

The defense response triggered by the mixing of two incompatible blood types is called

A) coagulation.
B) agglutination.
C) dehydration.
D) phagocytosis.
E) opsonization.

Question 32

A person with type O blood may receive a transfusion from a person with

A) type A blood.
B) type B blood.
C) type AB blood.
D) type O blood.
E) all types of blood.

Question 33

Where does most of the cleanup of dead red blood cells take place?

A) in the spleen
B) in the liver
C) in the kidneys
D) in the bone marrow
E) in the lungs

Question 34

A portion of the heme group of a dead red blood cell is converted to bilirubin and mixed with

A) plasma.
B) bile.
C) HCl.
D) mucus.
E) urine.

Question 35

On average, an adult female's red blood cell count is around

A) 5.4 million per cubic millimeter.
B) 3.6 million per cubic millimeter.
C) 4.8 million per cubic millimeter.
D) 6.0 million per cubic millimeter.
E) 7.1 million per cubic millimeter.

Question 36

The process of removing some of an athlete's blood, allowing erythropoietin to work and then reinjecting the removed blood just prior to competition is called

A) a transfusion.
B) blood concentrating.
C) cell separation.
D) blood doping.
E) plasmaphoresis.

Question 37

The protein globin is composed of how many polypeptide chains?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 38

If you are blood type A,

A) you carry antibodies for type B blood.
B) you carry markers for type B blood.
C) you can donate blood to a person with type O blood.
D) you can receive blood from a person with type AB blood.
E) you can receive type B blood.

Question 39

Erythropoietin

A) is the most common blood protein.
B) is secreted by the liver.
C) stimulates the red bone marrow to generate red blood cells.
D) is an enzyme that functions in blood clotting.
E) increases the ability of plasma to transport carbon dioxide.

Question 40

Type A blood will NOT agglutinate when mixed with

A) type B blood.
B) type A blood.
C) type AB blood.
D) type O blood.
E) both types A and AB blood, but will clump with types B and O blood.

Question 41

Which of the following is an enzyme?

A) fibrinogen
B) fibrin
C) prothrombin
D) thrombin
E) plasminogen

Question 42

Which of the following anemias is associated with destruction of the bone marrow?

A) aplastic
B) megaloblastic anemia
C) hemolytic anemia
D) leukemia
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 43

How does aspirin help to reduce clotting?

A) it reduces the red blood count
B) it reduces platelet aggregation
C) it reduces the platelet count
D) it binds to fibrin
E) it inhibits thrombin

Question 44

The Rh factor is so named because it was first identified in the

A) rhinoceros.
B) rabbit.
C) raccoon.
D) rhesus monkey
E) rhamphorhynchus

Question 45

When a blood clot breaks free and circulates through the bloodstream, it is referred to as a(n)

A) thrombus.
B) thrombosis.
C) hematoma.
D) embolus.
E) hemangioma

Question 46

If a blood clot blocks the flow of blood to some part of the brain, a person will suffer

A) myocardial infarction
B) cerebral aneurysm.
C) cerebral palsy.
D) stroke.
E) cerebral varicosity.

Question 47

A blood clot that stays where it forms is a(n)

A) thrombus.
B) thrombosis.
C) hematoma.
D) embolus.
E) hemangioma.

Question 48

Which hormone is released by platelets?

A) serotonin
B) somatotropin
C) acetylcholine
D) GABA
E) dopamine

Question 49

Which of the following is a form of cancer?

A) mononucleosis
B) megaloblastic anemia
C) hemolytic anemia
D) leukemia
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT involved in the formation of a blood clot?

A) plasma cells
B) fibrinogen
C) thrombin
D) fibrin
E) factor X.

Question 51

Thrombin acts on which protein?

A) fibrin
B) plasmin
C) fibrinogen
D) plasminogen
E) factor X

Question 52

A Complete Blood Count (CBC) is helpful in identifying

A) allergies.
B) HIV infection.
C) anemias and infections.
D) creatinine levels.
E) pregnancy.

Question 53

Which of the following is NOT an anemia?

A) mononucleosis
B) pernicious
C) sickle cell
D) hemolytic
E) iron-deficiency

Question 54

Which of the following is caused by a virus?

A) pernicious anemia
B) sickle cell anemia
C) infectious mononucleosis
D) hemolytic anemia
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 55

Hemostasis in vertebrates includes all of the following EXCEPT

A) blood clot formation.
B) vessel constriction.
C) release of iron to aid in the clumping of platelets.
D) vessel spasms.
E) platelets releasing substances that cause them to attract each other.

Question 56

Which of the following anemias is associated with a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency?

A) aplastic
B) pernicious anemia
C) hemolytic anemia
D) leukemia
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 57

Which of the following anemias is associated with malaria?

A) aplastic
B) megaloblastic anemia
C) hemolytic anemia
D) leukemia
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 58

An Rh ^- woman who has an Rh⁺ baby will be treated with ____ to avoid making anti-Rh antibodies.

A) a blood transfusion
B) steroids
C) RhoGam
D) antibiotics
E) large doses of vitamins

Question 59

Which of the following may be affected by altitude?

A) HDL and LDL
B) white blood cell count
C) red blood cell count
D) weight
E) urea

Question 60

Which of the following anemias is associated with premature red blood cell death?

A) aplastic
B) megaloblastic anemia
C) hemolytic anemia
D) pernicious
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 62

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder in which the blood

A) does not contain platelets.
B) does not contain white blood cells.
C) contains too many platelets.
D) does not contain the usual clotting factors.
E) contains too many clotting factors.

Question 63

Staphylococcus aureus may cause destruction of red blood cells, a condition known as

A) septicemia.
B) toxemia.
C) leukemia.
D) polycythemia.
E) anemia.

Question 64

Malaria is transmitted by

A) sexual contact.
B) tsetse flies.
C) mosquitoes.
D) ticks.
E) fleas.

Question 65

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common property. Select the exception.

A) neutrophil
B) erythrocyte
C) lymphocytes
D) monocyte
E) basophil

Question 66

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common function. Select the exception.

A) gamma globulin
B) prothrombin
C) fibrin
D) fibrinogen
E) thrombin

Question 67

Which substance binds more tightly than oxygen to hemoglobin?

A) nitrogen
B) carbon dioxide
C) hydrogen
D) helium
E) carbon monoxide

Question 68

Besides sickle cell anemia, which one is associated with abnormal hemoglobin production?

A) aplastic
B) pernicious anemia
C) hemolytic anemia
D) thalassemia
E) iron-deficiency anemia

Question 69

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common feature. Select the exception.

A) A
B) B
C) AB
D) Rh+
E) O

Question 70

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are blood proteins. Select the exception.

A) epinephrine
B) globulin
C) hemoglobin
D) fibrinogen
E) albumin