Deck 13: Life in the Ocean

Question 1

What did Darwin suggest the driving force of evolution was?

A) Reproduction
B) Small genetic variation
C) Isolation
D) Large population size

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What open water zone is near shore and over the continental shelf?

A) Oceanic zone
B) Littoral zone
C) Hadal zone
D) Neritic zone

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What inorganic nutrient is required for primary production?

A) Phosphorus
B) Carbonate
C) Oxygen
D) Iodine

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What element is used to link nucleic acids in all organisms?

A) Carbon
B) Nitrogen
C) Silicon
D) Phosphorus

Question 5

Most marine organisms are ____.

A) metabolic
B) endothermic
C) ectothermic
D) exothermic

Question 6

How deep is the photic layer usually along the coasts?

A) 50 meters
B) 100 meters
C) 150 meters
D) 590 meters

Question 7

What layer is permanently devoid of light?

A) Photic zone
B) Euphotic zone
C) Disphotic zone
D) Aphotic zone

Question 8

A salmon migrates from the ocean to freshwater rivers to spawn. What is the freshwater environment like for the salmon?

A) Hypertonic
B) Hypotonic
C) Isotonic
D) Equitonic

Question 9

Which community has the highest level of net primary production?

A) Rain forests
B) Kelp forests
C) Coral reefs
D) Open ocean

Question 10

What is a more accurate term for the feeding relationship of organisms?

A) Food chain
B) Food web
C) Trophic chains
D) Primary consumption

Question 11

What physical factor can denature or alter a proteins structure in a cell?

A) Phosphorus
B) Nitrogen
C) Light
D) Salinity

Question 12

What is a heterotroph?

A) An organism that creates its own food
B) An organism that eat other organism
C) An organism the conducts chemosynthesis
D) An organism that remains plankton for its entire life

Question 13

What traps light energy in primary producers?

A) Photosynthetic
B) Thylakoid
C) Chlorophyll
D) Biomass

Question 14

What organism usually fixes nitrogen into usable chemical forms?

A) Archaea
B) Extremophiles
C) Cyanobacteria
D) Dinoflagellates

Question 15

What can increase the variation of genetic traits in a population?

A) Mutations
B) Adaptations
C) Natural selection
D) All of these choices

Question 16

What biological chemical is important in heredity of traits?

A) Carbohydrates
B) Nucleic acids
C) Lipids
D) Proteins

Question 17

What is rarely a limiting factor for marine organisms?

A) Salinity
B) pH
C) Hydrostatic pressure
D) Nitrogen

Question 18

Which zone is the deepest seabed zone?

A) Bathyal zone
B) Hadal zone
C) Littoral zone
D) Abyssal zone

Question 19

What is the largest biogeochemical cycle?

A) Global Carbon cycle
B) Global Nitrogen cycle
C) Global Phosphorus cycle
D) Global Silicon cycle

Question 20

What is entropy?

A) The relative measure of disorder over time
B) The growth of an organism over time
C) The amount of energy transformation over a lifespan
D) The complexity of living organisms

Question 21

What is needed for living matter to function?

A) Oxygen
B) Proteins
C) Energy
D) Sugars

Question 22

A small cell having a high surface-to-volume ratio is more efficient than a large cell with a high volume-to-surface ratio.

Question 23

Why is iron not abundant in the ocean?

A) It is trapped in the Earth's crust.
B) It is held in sediments.
C) It is nearly insoluble in oxygenated water.
D) It is not very reactive.

Question 24

Living organisms represent the flow of energy towards decreasing order or chaos.

Question 25

Linnaeus was the first to start classifying organisms.

Question 26

Once living organisms reach a balance with their environment, they do not undergo any more natural selection.

Question 27

Phytoplankton is responsible for the synthesis of 90% to 96% of the surface ocean's carbohydrates.

Question 28

Freshwater animals exert large amounts of energy to transport water from their tissues back to the outside because they are hypertonic to their surroundings.

Question 29

What is an advantage of using scientific names?

A) There is only one name per species.
B) They are universal to all languages.
C) They can indicate the relatedness of organisms.
D) All of these choices

Question 30

Which classification is so large it is considered a domain?

A) Monera
B) Plantae
C) Bacteria
D) Animalia

Question 31

Most biological productivity in the ocean occurs in the euphotic zone.

Question 32

What kind of movement of particles is able to move against normal concentration gradients?

A) Active transport
B) Diffusion
C) Osmosis
D) Dispersion

Question 33

What is the immediate organic material produced from inorganic substances?

A) Carbon dioxide
B) Proteins
C) Amino acids
D) Glucose

Question 34

Some ____ are considered to be extremophiles.

A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Plantae
D) Animalia

Question 35

What is convergent evolution?

A) Organisms that evolve to look similar due to environmental conditions
B) The natural selection applied to one population rather than another
C) The random alteration in genetic variation
D) Evolution due to geographical isolation

Question 36

Which is considered a physical factor?

A) Diffusion
B) Dissolved nutrients
C) Surface-to-volume ratio
D) Active transport

Question 37

Chemosynthesis is the main method of binding energy into carbohydrates on the planet.

Question 38

The trace metal iron is required for photosynthesis and nitrogen fixing enzymes.

Question 39

What kind of metabolic rate do humans have?

A) Endothermic
B) Exothermic
C) Ectothermic
D) Hyperthermic

Question 40

Although ectotherms can tolerate large ranges in external temperature, they are unable to sustain large fluctuations in their internal temperatures.

Question 41

How does carbon enter the atmosphere? What effect does it have on Earth? How does it cycle back for use in biological components?

Question 42

How are the levels of carbon dioxide linked to the photic and aphotic zones? How does this relate to the temperature of the water?

Question 43

What are Darwin's postulates of natural selection?

Question 44

There is a much faster nutrient cycling rate on land from producers to consumers than in the ocean.

Question 45

What are trophic levels? Why is it better to eat organisms lower on the tropic pyramid?

Question 46

Coastal waters often support larger blooms of plankton than open water due to a high nitrate level in runoff.

Question 47

Archaea may be more closely related to Eukarya than Bacteria.

Question 48

What is the difference between an artificial system of classification and a natural system of classification? Which do we use today? Explain our current taxonomic system.

Question 49

Taxonomy is the study of biological classification schemes.

Question 50

All life on Earth is fundamentally the same.