Deck 5: Family Problems

Question 1

The United States has a higher proportion of out-of-wedlock births than

A)Iceland.
B)Norway.
C)the United Kingdom.
D)Japan.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

In general, under U.S.laws

A)stepparents have no legal obligation to support their stepchildren during the marriage.
B)stepparents who divorce the biological parent have the same legal rights to custody and visitation of their stepchildren as biological parents.
C)stepparents who divorce the biological parent have a legal obligation to pay child support.
D)stepchildren have the right of inheritance in the event of the stepparent's death.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

An emerging family form known as living apart together relationships is one in which

A)couples who are married or unmarried live in separate residences by choice.
B)a divorced couple remains together in the same residence.
C)an unmarried couple lives together but emotionally remains apart.
D)a divorced couple shares joint custody of their children.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Josh and Martha are married and lived together until Josh's job moved to a different city.Martha stayed behind with the children in their old house.Josh visits as often as he can.Josh and Martha have a _____________ marriage.​

A)​LAT
B)​commuter
C)​transient
D)​blended

Question 5

The ___________ divorce rate refers to the number of divorces per 1,000 married women.

A)crude
B)refined
C)total
D)per capita

Question 6

Developed nations generally have ____________ less developed nations.

A)more egalitarian marriages than
B)less egalitarian marriages than
C)the same amount of equality in marriage as
D)completely ended inequality in marriage when compared to

Question 7

In the U.S.in 2012, ______ of all children are born out of wedlock.

A)10%
B)20%.
C)40%.
D)60%

Question 8

A form of marriage that involves one husband having more than one wife is

A)serial monogamy.
B)polygyny.
C)polyandry.
D)monogamy.

Question 9

About ________ of all U.S.marriages are likely to end in divorce.

A)10 percent
B)40 to 50 percent
C)three-quarters
D)over 90 percent

Question 10

Which of the following was NOT cited in the text as a change occurring in U.S.marriages and families?

A)increased numbers of singles
B)increased same-sex cohabitation
C)increased employment of mothers
D)fewer three-generation households

Question 11

________ heterosexual unmarried partner households have children living in the home.

A)10%
B)20%
C)40%
D)More than half

Question 12

In some U.S.cities and counties, heterosexual cohabiting couples as well as gay and lesbian couples who apply for a _______ are granted such legal entitlements as health insurance and inheritance rights.

A)domestic partnership designation
B)cohabitation license
C)family status certificate
D)committed couples status

Question 13

All of the following are significant changes that have occurred in U.S.families and households over the last several decades EXCEPT

A)U.S.men and women are marrying at a younger age.
B)increased heterosexual and same-sex cohabitation.
C)increased births to unmarried women.
D)increased single-parent families.

Question 14

Polyandry is ______ than polygyny.

A)more common worldwide
B)more common in the U.S.
C)equally as common worldwide
D)less common worldwide

Question 15

In 2013, the Supreme Court struck down part of the Defense of Marriage Act, thus​

A)​requiring the federal government to recognize same-sex marriages from states where they are legal.
B)​making same-sex marriage legal in all fifty states.
C)​making same-sex marriage illegal at the federal level.
D)​making interracial marriages legal in all states and territories of the U.S.

Question 16

The percentage of people who cohabited with their spouses before marriage _____ between 1980 and 2010.

A)decreased dramatically
B)stayed the same
C)increased slightly
D)more than doubled

Question 17

The U.S.Census defines family as

A)a kinship system of all relatives living together or recognized as a social unit.
B)two or more persons related by blood, marriage or adoption.
C)two or more persons who share a common residence.
D)a unit that consists of a mother, father and at least one child, who share a common residence.

Question 18

The sociological definition of the family includes all of the following EXCEPT

A)foster families.
B)unmarried opposite-sex couples.
C)unmarried same-sex couples.
D)roommates.

Question 19

Serial monogamy is

A)a succession of marriages where a person has more than one spouse over a lifetime but is legally married to only one person at a time.
B)a marriage between two partners that lasts a lifetime.
C)a marriage between more than two partners that lasts a lifetime.
D)a marriage between multiple partners where an initial marriage takes place between two individuals and additional partners are added at certain intervals.

Question 20

What percent of couples marrying today lived together before their marriage?

A)10
B)40
C)60
D)85

Question 21

By "gender-based slavery," conflict theorist Engels was referring to

A)the use of female slaves to breastfeed the children of their owners.
B)the division of labor among slaves, in which the males worked in the fields and females performed domestic chores for their owners.
C)the division of labor in capitalism in which women do labor for which they receive neither income nor status while men leave the home to earn an income.
D)the practice of selling females into prostitution.

Question 22

Which theoretical perspective argues that families have been weakened by changing gender roles?

A)structural-functionalist
B)conflict
C)symbolic interactionist
D)feminist

Question 23

Which theoretical perspective would be most interested in verbal abuse resulting in negative self-concepts?​

A)​conflict
B)​structural-functionalist
C)​symbolic interactionist
D)​feminist

Question 24

The system of ____________ implies that wives and children are the property of husbands and fathers.​

A)​matriarchy
B)​androgyny
C)​structural functionalism
D)​patriarchy

Question 25

The study by Paul Amato and colleagues (reported in "Social Problems Close Up")found that marital satisfaction _______ between 1980 and 2000.

A)increased dramatically
B)increased slightly
C)did not change
D)decreased slightly

Question 26

___________ theory focuses on how capitalism, social class, and power influence marriages and families.

A)Structural-functionalist
B)Conflict
C)Symbolic interactionist
D)Patriarchy

Question 27

Conflict sociologists contend that the widespread belief that today's marriages are between equals

A)is true for upper- and middle-class women, but not for lower-class women.
B)masks a significant increase in female-domination of their husbands and the family.
C)serves as a cover for male domination in intimate relationships.
D)is true for families in industrialized societies but untrue in developing societies.

Question 28

Structural-functionalists attribute the high rate of divorce and single-parent households to

A)the still-existing problem of male domination.
B)rapid social change and social disorganization.
C)change in societal definitions of divorce.
D)domestic abuse that creates negative self-concepts.

Question 29

The study about how marriage in America is changing (reported in "Social Problems Close Up")found a decline from 1980 to 2000 in

A)the mean level of marital happiness.
B)marital interaction.
C)arguments over the division of household labor.
D)extramarital sex.

Question 30

According to a survey, about ___________ of Americans accept the recent changes in family structure and do not think these are bad changes.​

A)​5 percent
B)​one-third
C)​well over half
D)​nearly 90 percent

Question 31

The authors of the text argue that

A)divorce may be viewed as placing a high value on marriage.
B)the high rate of out-of-wedlock birth is a clear indicator of a decline in the value of marriage.
C)the divorce rate is rising because Americans are getting married at increasingly younger ages.
D)all unwed mothers must be considered single parents.

Question 32

The marital resiliency perspective argues

A)people today seek personal happiness from their family relationships.
B)poverty, violence, and delinquency are effects, not causes, of family breakdown.
C)divorce provides a second chance at happiness for adults and an escape from a dysfunctional family for children.
D)legal reforms should include repeal of no-fault divorce laws and require a two-year waiting period to finalize a divorce.

Question 33

Conflict theorists emphasize that the policies of the American government

A)serve the interests of powerful and wealthy segments of society.
B)are significantly contributing to the stabilization of family structure in response to pressures from the religious right to maintain family values.
C)are gradually reducing the forces in American society that contribute to divorce and unwed pregnancy.
D)serve the interests of lower-income families more than middle-income families.

Question 34

Feminists believe that the unequal distribution of power among men and women

A)has virtually disappeared in the families of modern, industrialized societies.
B)contributes to wife battering.
C)contributes to the emotional well-being of children in the family.
D)is necessary to ensure higher family incomes in modern societies.

Question 35

Which of these statements is true about three-generation family households in the U.S.?​

A)​The number of three-generation family households has increased in recent years.
B)​These arrangements usually last for an individual's entire childhood.
C)​Three-generation households were much more common in the past.
D)​These households are usually formed because a mother does not want to "give up" her adult children.

Question 36

The _____ perspective argues increased divorce and single-parenthood contribute to other social problems.

A)family breakdown
B)marital status
C)marital resiliency
D)marital decline

Question 37

According to symbolic interactionists, the term "visitation rights"

A)minimizes the importance of the noncustodial parent's rights.
B)gives the noncustodial parent a feeling of involvement in his or her child's life.
C)signifies to the child that the noncustodial parent still loves him or her.
D)undermines the child's identification with the stepparent.

Question 38

The main purpose of marriage today is to

A)be viewed as an adult by the rest of society.
B)have and raise children.
C)provide adult intimacy and companionship.
D)provide financial security.

Question 39

Which famous philosopher said that modern society rests on gender-based slavery?​

A)​Friedrich Engels
B)​John Locke
C)​Henry David Thoreau
D)​Thomas Jefferson

Question 40

The term "patriarchy" refers to which of the following?

A)fatherless homes
B)the practice of granting fathers sick leave upon the birth of their child
C)traditional male domination of families
D)single parent homes in which the father has custody of his children

Question 41

Parental alienation (PA)is

A)a type of physical abuse.
B)a controversial diagnosis.
C)currently included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association.
D)not a recognized condition.

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT an illustration of an abusive behavior by a partner according to the Abusive Behavior Inventory shown in your text?

A)Preventing you from having money for your own use.
B)Developing an intimate relationship with another person.
C)Pressuring you to have sex in a way you didn't like or want.
D)Stopping you or tried to stop you from going to work or school.

Question 43

Couples go to divorce mediation to

A)see if they can save their marriage.
B)resolve issues of property division, child custody, child support, and spousal support in a cooperative way.
C)learn relationship and communication skills in order to prevent divorce.
D)receive psychological counseling to help them and their children emotionally cope with the divorce.

Question 44

Intimate partner violence refers to actual or threatened violent crimes committed by any of the following EXCEPT

A)parents.
B)girlfriends.
C)boyfriends.
D)wives.

Question 45

According to the text, the most important divorce prevention strategies might be

A)those that maximize employment and earnings.
B)those that penalize people who get divorce.
C)those that restrict marriage to fewer people.
D)those that require covenant marriage.

Question 46

Today, _____ states recognize some form of no-fault divorce.

A)20
B)30
C)40
D)all 50

Question 47

Which of the following statements best reflects the consequences of divorce?​

A)​The effects of divorce on adults and children are mixed and variable with both positive and negative effects.
B)​The consequences of divorce are always negative for children but positive for the adults.
C)​There are no long term consequences of divorce for the children.
D)​Divorce generally benefits all involved.

Question 48

An emotional and psychological disturbance in which children engage in exaggerated and unjustified denigration and criticism of a parent is

A)divorce adjustment disorder.
B)divorce fault syndrome.
C)parental alienation (PA).
D)child retaliation syndrome (CRS).

Question 49

Divorce education programs are ____________

A)not yet available in the U.S.
B)associated with positive parenting outcomes.
C)ineffective.
D)required in the U.S.

Question 50

According to symbolic interactionists, the significance of social interaction in children's developing self-concepts suggests

A)the importance of maintaining the traditional family form.
B)society should accept, rather than stigmatize, nontraditional family forms.
C)equal parenting roles will confuse and frustrate the child.
D)acceptance of a stepparent will weaken the child's development of an independent identity.

Question 51

All of the following have contributed to high rate of divorce in American society EXCEPT

A)changing family functions.
B)unequal division of labor in the family.
C)increased familism.
D)increased life expectancy.

Question 52

Emotional abuse can include all of the following EXCEPT.

A)withholding physical contact
B)controlling a person's behavior
C)isolating someone from friends and family
D)forced sex

Question 53

Globally, one woman in every ______ has been subjected to violence in an intimate relationship.

A)3
B)7
C)13
D)23

Question 54

U.S.society is characterized by ______________, the tendency to focus on one's own self-interests and personal happiness rather than the family or community.​

A)​individualism
B)​familism
C)​patriarchy
D)​ego-mania

Question 55

The "marriage movement" involves efforts to​

A)​strengthen marriage and prevent divorce.
B)​promote alternatives to the traditional marriage.
C)​make divorce as smooth a transition as possible.
D)​legalize same-sex marriage.

Question 56

Which of the following does NOT illustrate intimate partner violence?

A)A female whose boyfriend threatened to use a knife on her if she broke up with him.
B)A woman who cheats on her husband while he is away at work.
C)A man whose wife threatened to kill him if he showed interest in another woman.
D)A divorced man who threatened to forcefully rape his ex-wife.

Question 57

Compared with married individuals, divorced individuals have​

A)​a higher standard of living.
B)​a lower standard of living.
C)​dramatically improved economic circumstances.
D)​little change in their economic circumstances.

Question 58

The "covenant marriage" option in Louisiana

A)permits divorce only under condition of fault or after a two-year separation.
B)does not allow divorce for the first 3 years of marriage.
C)allows divorce only in the case of spousal abuse.
D)allows a no-fault divorce after a 6-month separation.

Question 59

The "second shift" refers to

A)overtime work of husbands to keep up with their financial expenses.
B)the work involved in caring for children and household chores after coming home from the job.
C)the extra work on the job that employers now demand.
D)second jobs taken by underemployed workers in the labor force.

Question 60

The ________________ provides federal funds to support research and programs to encourage healthy marriages and promote involved and responsible fatherhood.​

A)​Healthy Marriage Initiative
B)​Defense of Marriage Act
C)​Obamacare legislation
D)​Together We Stand movement

Question 61

The physical or mental injury, sexual abuse, negligent treatment, or maltreatment of a child under the age of 18 by a person who is responsible for the child's welfare is called

A)corporal punishment.
B)neglect.
C)child abuse.
D)common family violence.

Question 62

Abuse in relationships typically

A)is ongoing and constant.
B)occurs in cycles where an abusive episode is followed by a makeup period when the abuser expresses sorrow.
C)occurs in cycles where an abusive episode is followed by intense emotional abuse and victim blaming.
D)is sporadic and unpredictable.

Question 63

In U.S.society, people are most likely to be assaulted, abused, neglected, molested or killed _________.

A)by a stranger
B)in their home, by a family member
C)outside of the home
D)by a friend

Question 64

In what portion of female rape or sexual assault cases is the offender an intimate partner, family member, or friend or acquaintance?

A)about 10 percent
B)slightly less than one quarter
C)just over half
D)about 8 in 10

Question 65

Among females, early forced sex is associated with all of the following EXCEPT

A)decreased self-esteem.
B)fewer sexual partners in adulthood.
C)alcohol and drug use.
D)running away from home.

Question 66

Intimate partner violence results in all of the following EXCEPT

A)higher rates of miscarriage and birth defects.
B)interference with women's employment.
C)loss of economic resources and homelessness among women.
D)more egalitarian relationships

Question 67

According to your text, which of the following is almost entirely perpetrated by men and is more likely to escalate over time and involve serious injury?

A)mutual violent control
B)intimate terrorism
C)violent resistance
D)common couple violence

Question 68

Janie and Harry were arguing over a minor traffic accident in which Janie was involved.Harry got so angry because Janie would not admit that the accident was her fault, he slapped her.This scenario illustrates which of the following four patterns of intimate partner violence?

A)mutual violent control
B)intimate terrorism
C)violent resistance
D)common couple violence

Question 69

What is NOT a reason women stay in abusive relationships?

A)love
B)fear
C)a belief it's their "fault"
D)a desire for revenge

Question 70

The leading cause of death in abused children is

A)suffocation.
B)head injury.
C)infectious disease.
D)heart failure.

Question 71

Perpetrators of child abuse are most often

A)non-kin babysitters or nannies.
B)cohabitating boyfriends of the mother.
C)parents of the victim.
D)kin caretakers other than parents.

Question 72

Which of the following is almost exclusively perpetrated by women against a male partner?

A)intimate terrorism
B)common couple violence
C)violent resistance
D)mutual violent control

Question 73

___________ is the failure of a child's caregiver to provide food, adequate attention and supervision, or medical care.

A)Abuse
B)PTSD
C)Child harassment
D)Neglect

Question 74

Which of the following is NOT one of the four patterns of partner violence?

A)common couple violence
B)intimate terrorism
C)sexual withholding
D)mutual violent control

Question 75

The most common form of elder abuse is

A)physical abuse.
B)neglect.
C)psychological abuse.
D)financial abuse.

Question 76

Which type of male perpetrator of intimate partner violence is likely to suffer from deep fears of abandonment?​

A)​psychopathic
B)​hostile
C)​borderline
D)​traumatic

Question 77

Children at the highest risk for abuse victimization are those in the age group

A)birth to 1 year.
B)1 to 3 years.
C)3 to 6 years.
D)6 to 9 years.
E)10 to 12 years.

Question 78

The most common form of child abuse is

A)physical abuse.
B)emotional/psychological abuse.
C)neglect.
D)sexual abuse.

Question 79

_____ occurs when a caregiver shakes a baby to the point of causing the child to experience brain or retinal hemorrhage, most often in response to a young baby who will not stop crying.

A)Neglect
B)Juvenile hemorrhage disorder
C)Oppositional baby response
D)Shaken baby syndrome

Question 80

Adult males who were sexually abused as children have a higher risk of all of the following EXCEPT

A)becoming gay.
B)depression.
C)suicidal feelings.
D)sexual dysfunction.