Deck 15: State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century

Question 1

What role did the nobility play in politics and government in Poland and England?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

What were the economic and social problems that troubled Europe from 1560 to 1650? Do these problems constitute a "crisis"?

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

define the following term:
Thirty Years' War

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

define the following term:
Peace of Westphalia

Question 5

define the following term:
Gustavus Adolphus

Question 6

Compare and contrast the reigns of Frederick William of Brandenburg-Prussia and Peter the Great of Russia. How are their policies similar? How are they different?

Question 7

What techniques and practices defined warfare in the seventeenth century, and do they constitute a "military revolution"? Why or why not?

Question 8

define the following term:
witches

Question 9

define the following term:
absolutism

Question 10

define the following term:
divine-right monarchy

Question 11

Why were women the prevalent victims of Europe's witch craze?

Question 12

Define absolutism. To what extent can France's government in the seventeenth century be labeled an absolute monarchy?

Question 13

How did the art and literature of the second half of the seventeenth century reflect the political and social life of that period? Give examples.

Question 14

What role did court life at Versailles during the reign of Louis XIV playing in enhancing royal power?

Question 15

Oliver Cromwell remains a polarizing figure in British history. What were his achievements, and how did his contemporaries assess his strengths and weaknesses?

Question 16

Why did England move toward a limited monarchy while places like Prussia, Austria, and Russia moved toward a more robust and absolutist monarchy?

Question 17

What ideas and practices caused conflict between king and Parliament in seventeenth-century England that culminated in civil war? What role did religion play in shaping politics and society during the 1640s and 1650s?

Question 18

define the following term:
"military revolution"

Question 19

What were the causes of the Thirty Years' War, and what were the short-term and long-term consequences of the conflict?

Question 20

define the following term:
Bishop Jacques Bossuet

Question 21

define the following term:
Louis XIV

Question 22

define the following term:
Peter the Great

Question 23

define the following term:
the Hohenzollerns

Question 24

define the following term:
the Romanovs

Question 25

define the following term:
Cardinals Richelieu and Mazarin

Question 26

define the following term:
Edict of Fontainebleau

Question 27

define the following term:
Brandenburg-Prussia

Question 28

define the following term:
boyars

Question 29

define the following term:
Peace of Utrecht

Question 30

define the following term:
Jean-Baptiste Colbert

Question 31

define the following term:
the Fronde

Question 32

define the following term:
parlements

Question 33

define the following term:
Louis XIV's wars

Question 34

define the following term:
Frederick William the Great Elector

Question 35

define the following term:
intendants

Question 36

define the following term:
Saint Petersburg

Question 37

define the following term:
Versailles

Question 38

define the following term:
Russian serfdom

Question 39

define the following term:
Treaty of Karlowitz

Question 40

define the following term:
the Orthodox Church and the procurator

Question 41

define the following term:
Glorious Revolution

Question 42

define the following term:
Great Northern War

Question 43

define the following term:
Thomas Hobbes

Question 44

define the following term:
the Stuarts

Question 45

define the following term:
Table of Ranks

Question 46

define the following term:
James II

Question 47

define the following term:
Oliver Cromwell

Question 48

define the following term:
Amsterdam

Question 49

define the following term:
Poland's Sejm

Question 50

define the following term:
Test Act

Question 51

define the following term:
the house of Orange

Question 52

define the following term:
Bill of Rights

Question 53

define the following term:
John Locke

Question 54

define the following term:
the Restoration

Question 55

define the following term:
Puritans

Question 56

define the following term:
Janissaries

Question 57

define the following term:
Vienna and the Ottoman Empire

Question 58

define the following term:
gentry

Question 59

define the following term:
Levellers

Question 60

define the following term:
English Civil War

Question 61

define the following term:
French Classicism

Question 62

define the following term:
Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Artemisia Gentileschi

Question 63

As a result of the Peace of Westphalia of 1648

A)the German population was to be converted to Catholicism.
B)all German states could choose their own religions, except for Calvinism.
C)German states were allowed to determine their religion.
D)the institution of the Holy Roman Empire was to be the ruling force in Germany for the next 100 years.
E)the Holy Roman Empire was dismembered.

Question 64

Population during the seventeenth century

A)increased dramatically due to greater food production.
B)increased dramatically due to the decrease of epidemic disease.
C)decreased sharply throughout Europe as peoples emigrated to colonies overseas.
D)continued to be affected by famines and plague.
E)grew steadily, marking the first major recovery since the Black Death.

Question 65

define the following term:
Mannerism and El Greco

Question 66

Cardinal Richelieu understood that, in Louis XIV's France, the most important roadblock to building a strong monarchy was

A)the rising cost of warfare.
B)witchcraft.
C)resistance by the great nobles.
D)armed uprisings by workers in Paris.
E)peasant revolts in the countryside.

Question 67

define the following term:
Rembrandt van Rijn

Question 68

All of the following have been identified with the "military revolution" in the century after 1560 except

A)the increased use of militias and volunteer soldiers.
B)standing armies based upon conscription.
C)increased use of the musket and bayonet.
D)larger sailing ships, known as "ships of the line."
E)the education of officers in military schools.

Question 69

define the following term:
Baroque

Question 70

Gustavus Adolphus, who led the Lutheran armies in the Thirty Years' War until he was killed at Lützen, was king of

A)Poland.
B)Sweden.
C)Denmark.
D)Hungary.
E)Austria.

Question 71

Most of the fighting during the Thirty Years' War took place in

A)the Mediterranean islands.
B)Sweden.
C)Germanic lands.
D)Spain.
E)France.

Question 72

Absolutism means that

A)the real power in any state must be religious and exercised by the church.
B)ultimate authority rests solely in the hands of a king who rules by divine right.
C)subordinate powers have an absolute right to overrule the king on conducting the affairs of state.
D)no matter how humble, male citizens have an absolute right to participate in politics.
E)rule by a secular dictator, justifying his/her authority by supposedly serving the people.

Question 73

define the following term:
William Shakespeare

Question 74

Jacques Bossuet's Politics Drawn from the Very Words of Holy Scripture

A)rejected as ungodly Louis XIV's system of absolute rule.
B)was the fundamental seventeenth-century statement of divine-right monarchy.
C)stressed that a limited monarchy with representative bodies was the most divine form of human government.
D)claimed that a king's authority and power were revocable under the law of God.
E)justified a "holy republic."

Question 75

Following the Thirty Years' War, what country became dominant in Europe?

A)Sweden
B)England
C)Germany
D)Spain
E)France

Question 76

The witchcraft hysteria began to subside by the mid-seventeenth century for all of the following reasons except

A)a tempering of religious passions in the wake of religious wars.
B)the growing unwillingness of magistrates to accept the conditions generated by trials of witches.
C)the stabilization of governments after a period of crisis.
D)the questioning of traditional attitudes toward religion.
E)the passage of laws recognizing the equality of women in European society.

Question 77

define the following term:
Lope de Vega

Question 78

Imperial general Albrect von Wallenstein

A)was assassinated on the orders of Emperor Ferdinand.
B)was killed at the Battle of Nördlingen.
C)betrayed the imperial cause by joining the French army.
D)resigned his commission when it was revealed he was a secret convert to Lutheranism.
E)became the ruler of the Baltic port of Hamburg with the Peace of Westphalia.

Question 79

define the following term:
Jean-Baptiste Racine and Jean-Baptiste Molière

Question 80

The witchcraft craze of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries

A)came out of the social unrest deriving from the shift from individualism to communalism.
B)often targeted old, single women
C)was minimal in comparison to the late Middle Ages.
D)was primarily restricted to rural areas.
E)all of the above.