Deck 9: The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages

Question 1

define the following term:
knighthood

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

What burdens did medieval female aristocrats have to confront, and what freedoms did they enjoy?

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

In what ways were the value systems, beliefs, fears, anxieties, and hopesof medieval culture literally and physically bound into the architectural styles of Romanesque and Gothic?

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

To what extent was Thomas Aquinas emblematic of his era, and to what extent did he challenge mainstream medieval intellectual culture?

Question 5

In what ways does the artistic and literary culture of the High Middle Ages reflect the religious preoccupations and problems of medieval society?

Question 6

What were the causes and consequences of the development of the medieval universities?

Question 7

Do you agree with the statement, "The Gothic cathedral was the supreme accomplishment of the High Middle Ages world"? Why or why not?

Question 8

define the following term:
chivalry

Question 9

define the following term:
horse collar

Question 10

What were some of the reasons for the revival of trade and the growth of cities in the High Middle Ages?

Question 11

What practices, ideas, requirements, and activities shaped the life of a medieval peasant family?

Question 12

A German proverb of the medieval period states: "The city air will set you free." What reasons can you give to justify or to refute the accuracy of this proverb for ordinary medieval townspeople?

Question 13

define the following term:
a castle keep

Question 14

define the following term:
three-field system

Question 15

define the following term:
tournaments and "melees"

Question 16

Explain the relationships between weather patterns, technological innovation, agriculture, and society in the High Middle Ages.

Question 17

define the following term:
carruca

Question 18

Discuss the structures and changes in daily life of the ordinary European medieval village in the High Middle Ages. How did most Europeans live, and what were the material factors shaping their behavior at the communal level?

Question 19

What were some of the reasons for the revival of Classical antiquity in the High Middle Ages?

Question 20

define the following term:
aristocracy

Question 21

define the following term:
the "putting-out" or domestic system

Question 22

define the following term:
Venice

Question 23

define the following term:
urban pollution

Question 24

define the following term:
borough/burgh

Question 25

define the following term:
communes

Question 26

define the following term:
"Truce of God" and "Peace of God"

Question 27

define the following term:
bourgeoisie or burghers

Question 28

define the following term:
commercial capitalism

Question 29

define the following term:
Justinian's Corpus Iuris Civilis

Question 30

define the following term:
Flanders

Question 31

define the following term:
craft guilds

Question 32

define the following term:
charters of liberty

Question 33

define the following term:
annulment

Question 34

define the following term:
Irnerius

Question 35

define the following term:
University of Bologna

Question 36

define the following term:
Blanche of Castile

Question 37

define the following term:
Eleanor of Aquitaine

Question 38

define the following term:
Champagne fairs

Question 39

define the following term:
Oxford and Cambridge

Question 40

define the following term:
universitas

Question 41

define the following term:
"the queen of the sciences"

Question 42

define the following term:
vernacular

Question 43

define the following term:
town vs. gown

Question 44

define the following term:
Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologica

Question 45

define the following term:
Peter Abelard and Heloise

Question 46

define the following term:
"realists" vs. "nominalists"

Question 47

define the following term:
troubadours

Question 48

define the following term:
Romanesque

Question 49

define the following term:
Aristotle

Question 50

define the following term:
pointed arch and flying buttress

Question 51

define the following term:
Averroës

Question 52

define the following term:
Gothic

Question 53

define the following term:
Maimonides

Question 54

define the following term:
artium baccalaureus and artium magister

Question 55

define the following term:
the liberal arts

Question 56

define the following term:
The Song of Roland

Question 57

define the following term:
barrel vault

Question 58

define the following term:
stained glass windows

Question 59

define the following term:
chanson de geste

Question 60

define the following term:
scholasticism

Question 61

define the following term:
Abbot Suger

Question 62

Which of the following was not used as a source of power by medieval farmers?

A)horses
B)coal
C)water
D)windmills
E)oxen

Question 63

The basic staple of the peasant diet was

A)potatoes.
B)rice.
C)pork.
D)beef.
E)bread.

Question 64

In the High Middle Ages, European society was dominated by the aristocracy, best described as

A)"men of prayer."
B)"men of work."
C)"men of war."
D)"men of reason."
E)all of the above

Question 65

One consequence of the new agriculture of the Early Middle Ages was

A)the destruction of the forests.
B)the contamination of the water supply.
C)increased dependence of serfs on their lords.
D)increased famine.
E)polluted water systems.

Question 66

All of the following is true of the ideal of civilized behavior known as chivalry except

A)knights were to fight to defend the church.
B)knights were to protect the weak and defenseless.
C)chivalry was developed without the influence of the church.
D)winning glory should be the knight's highest aim and motivating force.
E)knights should treat captives as honored guests.

Question 67

The high number of fights and accidents described in medieval court records may plausibly be attributed to

A)the violence of lords.
B)the high consumption of alcohol.
C)generally poor diet and nutrition.
D)fears of witchcraft.
E)religious heresy.

Question 68

The "new agriculture" of the High Middle Ages

A)resulted from a sharp decline in the total acreage available for farming.
B)was in part brought about by a change from the two-field to the three-field system.
C)led to the demise of the cooperative agricultural villages.
D)was in large part due to the development of a cheap, nonwheeled wooden plow for peasants.
E)was the result of grain imported from the east.

Question 69

In medieval thought, women were considered

A)equal to men in all things except war.
B)subservient to men and subject to male authority.
C)an equal partner of men in theory, but not in practice.
D)to be made in God's image.
E)superior to men, because the Virgin Mary gave birth to Jesus as God.

Question 70

define the following term:
Saint-Denis

Question 71

Which of the following was not a consequence of the higher food prices caused by growing demand for agricultural produce in towns and cities?

A)Lords sought to grow more food for profit on their estates.
B)Many serfs were no longer legally tied to the land and were converted into free peasants.
C)Almost all peasants gained complete economic independence from their lords.
D)Labor services were often converted into monetary payments or fixed rents.
E)All of the above.

Question 72

By the twelfth century, divorce among nobles was

A)not possible except through official recognition that a marriage had never been valid.
B)increasingly common.
C)accepted and approved by the church.
D)not possible, even by annulment, as marriage was now a church sacrament.
E)possible only through a dispensation granted exclusively by kings.

Question 73

The dramatic increases in European population between 1000 and 1300

A)occurred despite detrimental climatic patterns.
B)especially benefited women of child-bearing age.
C)were the result of better urban planning.
D)led to populations with many more women than men due to constant warfare.
E)were primarily due to an increased birth rate outstripping high medieval mortality rates.

Question 74

Combative tournaments involving knights

A)were sanctioned by the church as a testing ground for religious faith.
B)consisted exclusively of the "melee" which featured individual combat between two knights.
C)were considered by knights to be excellent and necessary training for warfare.
D)were banned throughout Europe by 1100.
E)were popular on the continent but not in England.

Question 75

In northern European countries, the most common drink of the medieval peasant was

A)ale.
B)beer.
C)wine.
D)cider.
E)milk.

Question 76

Which of the following brought peasants into contact with the village church?

A)religious feasts.
B)holidays.
C)Mass.
D)baptism.
E)all of the above.

Question 77

The carruca was

A)a new type of blast furnace.
B)a Spanish dance involving four partners.
C)a heavy-wheeled, iron-tipped plow.
D)a harness for draft animals without collars.
E)a slender blade.

Question 78

The main part of the medieval castle was called the

A)motte.
B)bailey.
C)moat.
D)tower.
E)keep.

Question 79

Marriages among the aristocracy of the High Middle Ages

A)were frequently motivated by the love brides and grooms felt for one another.
B)still included violent blood rituals of betrothal dating back to pagan times.
C)usually occurred when both bride and groom were in their teens.
D)were expected to establish political alliances between families and increase their wealth.
E)required to be always performed by archbishops and popes.

Question 80

In which of the following places was significant land "reclaimed" from the sea?

A)Ireland.
B)Genoa.
C)Netherlands.
D)Spain.
E)Russia.