Deck 19: A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon

Question 1

Compare and contrast the French Revolution with previous revolutions in England and America. How did they differ in their causes, ideals, and impact?

Answer 1

Answers may vary.

Question 2

Talk about :
Bill of Rights

Answer 2

Answers may vary.

Question 3

How was France changed by the revolutionary events of 1789-1792? Who benefited the most from these changes?

Answer 3

Answers may vary.

Question 4

What grievances caused the American Revolution, and how did they reflect Enlightenment attitudes? What impact did the conflict and its consequences have on Europe?

Question 5

Talk about :
revolution

Question 6

Was the French Revolution caused by long-term problems, short-term crises, or both?

Question 7

Talk about :
the marquis de Lafayette

Question 8

Talk about :
Declaration of Independence

Question 9

Talk about :
the Constitution of 1789

Question 10

Does Napoleon's military record, as described in the text, support or challenge assertions that he was the greatest general of all time? What were his biggest military successes, and what were his biggest military failures? Do the successes outweigh the failures in assessing his reputation? Why or why not?

Question 11

Napoleon said that perhaps the world would have been better off if neither he nor Rousseau had ever lived. What did he mean?

Question 12

In what ways did Napoleon's policies repudiate the accomplishments of the French Revolution? In what ways did his policies strengthen the accomplishments of the French Revolution?

Question 13

Talk about :
Yorktown

Question 14

How did the leaders of the Reign of Terror justify its violence, and what does the Reign of Terror indicate about the changing goals and practices of the French Revolution?

Question 15

Compare and contrast Napoleon with the enlightened absolutists in eastern Europe. Was he more enlightened or more absolutist?

Question 16

How did the French Revolution affect the roles of women in society? Did the Revolution and its consequences ultimately benefit or hurt female citizens? Did men win more out of this event than women? Why?

Question 17

Talk about :
the Bastille

Question 18

Talk about :
natural rights

Question 19

Talk about :
the taille

Question 20

Talk about :
First and Second Estates

Question 21

Talk about :
Third Estate

Question 22

Talk about :
sans-culottes

Question 23

Talk about :
Paris Commune

Question 24

Talk about :
National Convention

Question 25

Talk about :
old order

Question 26

Talk about :
Girondins and the Mountain

Question 27

Talk about :
escape to Varennes

Question 28

Talk about :
the Tennis Court Oath

Question 29

Talk about :
the National Assembly

Question 30

Talk about :
Olympe de Gouges

Question 31

Talk about :
Women's March to Versailles

Question 32

Talk about :
the Jacobins

Question 33

Talk about :
French Parlements

Question 34

Talk about :
Abbé Sieyès

Question 35

Talk about :
Georges Danton

Question 36

Talk about :
the Vendée

Question 37

Talk about :
Civil Constitution of the Clergy

Question 38

Talk about :
the bourgeoisie

Question 39

Talk about :
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen

Question 40

Talk about :
Declaration of Pillnitz

Question 41

Talk about :
Gracchus Babeuf

Question 42

Talk about :
Continental System

Question 43

Talk about :
Thermidorean Reaction

Question 44

Talk about :
Maximilien Robespierre

Question 45

Talk about :
prefects

Question 46

Talk about :
Committee of Public Safety

Question 47

Talk about :
Napoleon Bonaparte

Question 48

Talk about :
Reign of Terror

Question 49

Talk about :
Temple of Reason

Question 50

Talk about :
the guillotine

Question 51

Talk about :
First Consul and Emperor

Question 52

Talk about :
Josephine de Beauharnais

Question 53

Talk about :
Germaine de Staël

Question 54

Talk about :
the Concordat

Question 55

Talk about :
Directory

Question 56

Talk about :
the Civil Code

Question 57

Talk about :
Law of General Maximum

Question 58

Talk about :
nation in arms

Question 59

Talk about :
Toussaint L'Ouverture

Question 60

Talk about :
de-Christianization

Question 61

Talk about :
nationalism

Question 62

The American Revolution affected Europeans by

A)proving that military force was the final diplomatic authority.
B)ending colonial expansion around the world.
C)proving that the new United States was the most powerful nation.
D)proving that the ideas of the Enlightenment could be realized politically.
E)proving that the patriotic shedding of vast amounts of blood could bring revolutionary change.

Question 63

Talk about :
the Grand Army and Russian invasion

Question 64

The Bill of Rights ratified by the new United States guaranteed

A)freedom of religion.
B)a prohibition of against firearms except by soldiers and officers of justice.
C)the end of the slave trade but did not free slaves already in America.
D)trials managed only by trained, professional judges, educated with a university degree.
E)all of the above.

Question 65

On July 4, 1776, the delegates of the Second Continental Congress approved

A)the Declaration of the Rights of the Man and the Citizen.
B)the Constitution.
C)the Declaration of Independence.
D)the Olive Branch Petition.
E)George Washington as commander of the Continental Army.

Question 66

A key conduit of "enlightened" American political and moral ideas back to Europe came in the form of

A)returning British prisoners of war.
B)the hundreds of literate and influential French army and navy officers who had fought on the American side during the Revolutionary War.
C)European nobles returning from expeditions to the new American frontier.
D)missionary priests returning from evangelical campaigns deep in the U.S. back country.
E)official proclamations sent to the governments of Europe by George Washington.

Question 67

In the fifty years before the outbreak of the French Revolution in 1789, the French economy was

A)growing due to an expansion of foreign trade and industrial production.
B)stagnant due to foreign competition in industry and trade.
C)declining rapidly due to overuse of arable land.
D)ruined by the collapse of the textile industry.
E)entirely based upon agricultural production.

Question 68

The Third Estate was composed of all of the following except

A)shopkeepers.
B)peasants.
C)the unemployed.
D)skilled craftsmen.
E)the lower aristocrats.

Question 69

By the eighteenth century, the French bourgeoisie and nobility were

A)growing further apart in social status.
B)increasingly less distinguishable from each other.
C)rapidly losing social status to the Third Estate.
D)openly hostile and frequently involved in street battles.
E)almost completely dominated by the clergy of the First Estate.

Question 70

Talk about :
fraternité

Question 71

Talk about :
Austerlitz and Trafalgar

Question 72

The colonists won their war for independence due to

A)generous military and financial aid from various European states, especially France.
B)the collapse of the English colonial system.
C)apathy of the English military.
D)flaws in the English mercantile system.
E)all of the above

Question 73

In France, the First Estate was composed of

A)the nobility.
B)the clergy.
C)the peasants.
D)the military.
E)The nobility.

Question 74

When the government called for the Estates-General to meet,

A)it abolished the Third Estate.
B)it halved the number of representatives from the Third Estate.
C)it doubled the number of representatives from the Second Estate.
D)it doubled the number of representatives from the Third Estate.
E)it kept the number of delegates for each of the estates at approximately 300.

Question 75

During the 1760s British policy makers sought to raise revenues from the American colonies for the purpose of

A)defraying costs of the British empire in India.
B)creating a new royal palace designed to rival Versailles.
C)contributing to Britain's extensive policies of poor relief.
D)building a new Mediterranean fleet.
E)paying for the expenses of the British army in its defense of the colonies.

Question 76

By summoning the Estates-General in 1789, the government

A)showed its autocratic strength, since it possessed absolute control over the representatives.
B)was following its obligation for regular meetings of the traditional representative assembly.
C)was merely looking for a way to solve the immediate financial crisis.
D)indicated its intentions to launch a major reform of the French political system.
E)all of the above.

Question 77

In 1789, the Estates-General was

A)Louis XVI's primary advisory body, often consulted by the king on matters of state.
B)in unanimous agreement that only radical changes could solve France's problems.
C)dominated by the First Estate, composed mostly of urban lawyers.
D)unanimously in agreement about the necessity of immediately creating a new representative assembly.
E)divided over the issue of voting by orders or by head.

Question 78

Talk about :
Elba, Waterloo, and Saint Helena

Question 79

The most immediate cause of the French Revolution was

A)the government's failure to resolve its debts and other economic problems.
B)the blocking of attempted reforms by the French Parlements.
C)the radical calls of the philosophes for reform.
D)Louis XVI's rejection of the cahiers de doléances .
E)violent uprisings by the common people who were demanding political and economic equality.

Question 80

In considering the revolutionary era, which of the following is not true?

A)The French Revolution was less complex, less violent, and far less radical than the American Revolution.
B)The American Revolution proved in the long run to be far less important in Europe than the French Revolution.
C)The French Revolution provided a model of revolution for Europe.
D)The American Revolution proved to many Europeans that the ideas of the Enlightenment were more than utopian ideals.
E)The French Revolution has been considered the political movement that inaugurated the modern political world.