Deck 20: The European Middle Ages, C 800-1500

Question 1

After 1000 C.E., what led to the virtual disappearance of slavery in Europe?

A)The expenses associated with keeping slaves.
B)The Crusades into the Middle East.
C)The disapproval of slavery by the Christian Church.
D)The changes in climate that made keeping slaves unnecessary.
E)The changing labor needs caused by more people moving to urban areas.

Answer 1

The disapproval of slavery by the Christian Church.

Question 2

What changed for serfs after the Black Death?

A)None of them survived.
B)They were freed by their lords.
C)Their dues were removed.
D)Their treatment by the lords improved considerably since they could bargain for better working conditions.
E)They no longer were obligated legally to their lords, although they could commit themselves to him if they chose.

Answer 2

Their treatment by the lords improved considerably since they could bargain for better working conditions.

Question 3

In what part of the world did the Black Death originate?

A)Eastern Europe
B)Central Asia
C)Western Europe
D)North Africa
E)Middle East

Answer 3

Central Asia

Question 4

All of the following titles of nobility were hereditary EXCEPT

A)Duke
B)Count
C)Marquis
D)Knight
E)Baron

Question 5

The Benedictine monks of the Middle Ages were known for which of the following?

A)They left their monasteries to witness to the poor in foreign lands.
B)They believed continual worship combined with manual and intellectual life was essential for a pious life.
C)The Benedictines competed with the Jesuits for territory.
D)They were skilled at wine making, through which they made large amounts of money.
E)The Benedictines made and kept their vows of silence.

Question 6

What was the greatest scandal of the Fourth Crusade?

A)The crusaders lost Jerusalem to the Muslims.
B)It resulted in the occupation of the Christian city of Constantinople by Crusaders.
C)The Fourth Crusade led to a war with the Spanish.
D)It deteriorated into a quest for wealth and power and multiple lawsuits.
E)It hurt the reputation of Christians across the Muslim world.

Question 7

As a result of the Hundred Years' War, what significant difference developed between England and France?

A)The English Parliament developed into a governing force while France did not.
B)The French Parliament developed into a governing force while England did not.
C)The English Parliament allowed regional assemblies to meet in major provinces.
D)The French Parliament allowed regional assemblies to meet in all provinces.
E)The English King became an absolute monarch.

Question 8

What was the role of Jews in medieval Europe?

A)They joined the guilds as skilled craftsmen.
B)They managed the guild system.
C)They farmed the surrounding wooded areas.
D)They owned much of the domiciles within the city walls.
E)They provided financial and mercantile services to the towns.

Question 9

Which of the following defines the term fief ?

A)The head of a Benedictine monastery.
B)Part of the agricultural lands that belonged directly to a lord's estate.
C)A person who owed loyalty and specific services to a superior.
D)Rural villages or manors.
E)A person to whom service was owed.

Question 10

Before the 12^th century, which of the following groups supplied the Church with monks and nuns?

A)younger offspring of the aristocracy
B)large families produced by the peasantry
C)scandal-ridden members of the nobility
D)the already diminutive middle class
E)better educated members of the community

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the Conciliar Movement?

A)advocated for Parliament to have the final say on taxation and other policies
B)traveled the countryside whipping themselves to beat sin from themselves
C)wanted to bring an end to the Hundred Years' War
D)wanted to enact important reforms of Church doctrine and papal government
E)believed the pope had the right to appoint all bishops

Question 12

All of the following explain the revival of cities in Europe EXCEPT

A)increased agricultural production
B)large number of serfs
C)peaceful environment
D)increased trade
E)Roman law was reintroduced

Question 13

What was the most common source of the rights of the European nobility?

A)the conquests in which they had participated
B)the legal writs that had been chartered hundreds of years before
C)the royal documents given by monarchs to grant noble status and privilege
D)the church documents detailing family histories
E)the purchase of titles by the wealthy

Question 14

Which of the following contributed to the improvement of medieval agriculture?

A)the steel-tipped plow
B)chemical fertilizers
C)the padded horse collar
D)turnip animal fodder
E)crop rotation

Question 15

Which of the following was NOT true of medieval women?

A)Women who did not want to marry could find a place of power in the Church.
B)Married women could practice a trade as long as it did not conflict with their husband's trade.
C)Single women were legally free and had the right to their property.
D)Women were allowed to attend the medieval universities alongside males.
E)After the Black Death, a majority of guilds admitted women.

Question 16

After the fall of the Roman Empire, which group did NOT see a decline in regional and international commerce?

A)Slavs
B)Normans
C)Saxons
D)Vikings
E)Angles

Question 17

Which of the following was NOT a way a serf could gain freedom in Europe during the Middle Ages?

A)Run away to the town and reside there for one year and a day.
B)The Church lobbied the lord on the serfs' behalf.
C)Work off the debt to earn freedom.
D)Volunteer to open new lands in the Low Countries and Eastern Europe.
E)Freedom was granted in the lord's will as reward for good service.

Question 18

Which major battle of the Hundred Years' War saw the introduction of longbows and gunpowder to warfare?

A)Paris
B)Orleans
C)Agincourt
D)Poitiers
E)Crecy

Question 19

What forbade fighting on Sundays and holy feast days in medieval times?

A)Benedictine Rule
B)the Crusaders
C)Conciliar Movement
D)Peace of God
E)Truce of God

Question 20

What was the purpose of the medieval guild system?

A)The guilds allowed urban workers to attain noble status.
B)It restricted competition for urban workers.
C)It was more important in the countryside.
D)It was the most important institution for serfs.
E)The guild insured a fief was controlled by a vassal.

Question 21

Recent interpretations of the Hundred Years' War have stressed ____________________ factors as the main reason for the conflict.

Question 22

Which statement best describes the Investiture Controversy?

A)the emperor's alleged right to select bishops
B)the election of the pope
C)the Church's disapproval of feudal warfare
D)the pope's alleged right to crown emperors
E)the Church's right to formulate civil laws

Question 23

The papacy relocated to Avignon for nearly seventy years because of conflict with the French crown, creating a Church scandal that was called  ____________________.

Question 24

A(n)____________________ was a superior person to which some form of feudal service was owed.

Question 25

____________________ was a clerical court that brought individuals suspected of heresy before a panel of friars who questioned their beliefs.

Question 26

In his ____________________, St. Thomas Aquinas attempted to prove God's existence through Classical arguments.

Question 27

Which of the following statements was NOT true of Gothic architecture?

A)Churches were constructed in a completely new style, with arches, buttresses, space, and light.
B)Most cathedrals became a physical means of teaching those who were illiterate.
C)The great cathedrals usually took from 100 to 150 years to complete, which meant that multiple generations had to be dedicated to the process.
D)Artists and craftsmen usually used the cathedrals to express their own personal faith.
E)Towns often competed to see which of them could build the grandest cathedral.

Question 28

What was the main reason the literature of Dante Alighieri and Geoffrey Chaucer was significant?

A)Latin was no longer the preferred language of the educated.
B)They represent the educated who were underappreciated in their own time.
C)Education in Latin was clearly reinforced in their writings.
D)The Church engaged in serious reforms after their publication.
E)They represented masterpieces written in the vernacular rather than Latin.

Question 29

Land that had to remain unplowed and unseeded until the soil recovered its nutrients was termed ____________________ land.

Question 30

The educated, upper-middle class people in the walled towns were known as the ____________________.

Question 31

The abbey church of St. Denis is the first notable example of the ____________________ style.

Question 32

Which of the following was true of France in the early 12th century?

A)The king's royal army rivaled most armies in Europe.
B)France was a collection of nearly independent duchies and counties.
C)The Count of Anjou and the Duke of Normandy had small realms compared to Paris.
D)The king controlled taxation for the entire French nation.
E)France possessed the earmarks of a modern nation state.

Question 33

Which of the following was NOT a goal of the Council of Constance?

A)to end the Great Schism
B)to return the papacy to Rome
C)to condemn the heretics
D)to reform the entire Church and clergy
E)to return the papacy to Avignon

Question 34

What would be the most accurate description of the Domesday Book ?

A)It was a definitive law code.
B)It served as a guide to religious prayer.
C)It was a royal census to collect taxes.
D)It was a farmers' guide.
E)It provided a history of the Crusades.

Question 35

In the Middle Ages, how was the funding for the construction of the large cathedrals obtained?

A)from monarchs
B)through taxation
C)from the Vatican
D)through donations from all classes and volunteer labor
E)through funds generated by Church business and rental income

Question 36

What event led to a weakening of the German states in the 11th and 12th centuries?

A)Council of Constance
B)Conciliar Movement
C)the Avignon papacy
D)the Investiture Controversy
E)Babylonian Captivity

Question 37

Which monarch was able to unite the rival kingdoms of Angles and Saxons to create the English state?

A)Edward III
B)William the Conqueror
C)Philip Augustus II
D)Charles VII
E)Frederick II

Question 38

A significant contribution to the economic revival in Europe came as the Church enforced the ____________________, which reduced random violence by seeking to protect non-combatants like women, clergy, and peasants.

Question 39

One of the patron saints of France, ____________________ served the French king in battle and helped to defeat the English.

Question 40

All of the following are architectural features found in Gothic architecture EXCEPT

A)abundance of decoration in both the interior and exterior
B)austerity and little decoration
C)buttresses
D)illumination and sunlight
E)the use of arches and vaulting

Question 41

Term for identification: patents of nobility

Question 42

Term for identification: Babylonian Captivity

Question 43

Discuss the urbanization of medieval Europe and the impact on the culture including intellectual, architectural, and linguistic achievements.

Question 44

Term for identification: Investiture Controversy

Question 45

Term for identification: Gothic Style

Question 46

Term for identification: Council of Constance

Question 47

Trace the development of the medieval economic revival. What developments led to this resurgence including geographical, economic, religious, and legal aspects?

Question 48

Describe the life of a serf on a feudal manor. How would you characterize the medieval peasantry and how their lives compared to the lives of the nobility?

Question 49

Term for identification: Lollards

Question 50

Term for identification: Inquisition

Question 51

Explain how the disasters of the 14th century affected medieval Europe's political, social, economic, military, and psychological aspects.

Question 52

Term for identification: Domesday Book

Question 53

Compare and contrast the religious issues of England, France, and Germany in the Middle Ages. Consider the influences of the popes, schisms in the Church, and eventual resolution (or lack of resolution)of some of the Church's most significant issues.

Question 54

Describe the role of the Church in medieval Europe including parish clergy, monastic clergy, and the development of new clerical orders.

Question 55

Term for identification: bourgeoisie

Question 56

Term for identification: Black Death