Deck 15: Vital Signs, Oxygen, Chest Tubes, and Lines

Question 1

A patient who has a rectal temperature of 100.5° F is

A)febrile.
B)hyperthermic.
C)hypothermic.
D)normal.

Answer 1

D
Body temperature readings may be measured in either degrees Fahrenheit (°F)or degrees Celsius (°C).Oral temperature readings in healthy adults and children are within the narrow range of 97.7° to 99.5° F.Axillary temperatures register slightly lower,and rectal and temporal artery temperatures register approximately 1° F higher than oral readings.

Question 2

The collection of vital signs data is quick and noninvasive.The usual vital signs measured include

A)electrolytes,blood gases,urinalysis values,and fecal occult blood test findings.
B)temperature,pulse,respiration,and blood pressure.
C)temperature,blood pressure,blood gases,and bowel sounds.
D)respiration,pulse,cardiac output,and urinalysis values.

Answer 2

B
Collectively,the vital signs are body temperature,pulse rate,blood pressure,and respiratory rate.In addition,assessment of the patient's mental alertness (sensorium)is often reported along with the vital signs.

Question 3

The most accurate way to determine body temperature is

A)by asking the patient if he or she is warm.
B)with an oral thermometer.
C)with a rectal thermometer.
D)by using both an oral and a rectal thermometer and averaging the readings.

Answer 3

C
Even with all the newer measurement technologies,rectal thermometry is still believed to be the most accurate reflection of core body temperature.

Question 4

All of the following are related EXCEPT

A)nasal cannula.
B)facial mask.
C)thoracostomy.
D)tent and oxy hood.

Question 5

All of the following are true of body temperature measurement EXCEPT

A)all temperatures should be identical regardless of where the temperature is measured.
B)body temperatures are read in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius.
C)temporal artery (TA)measurements can be measured in 3 seconds noninvasively.
D)rectal and TA measurement are typically 1 degree higher than oral readings.

Question 6

In a patient with hypoxia,

A)heart rate decreases owing to low oxygen saturation values.
B)respiratory rate remains unchanged.
C)respiratory depth remains unchanged owing to increased cardiac output.
D)blood pressure increases.

Question 7

Adequate breathing consists of

A)good respiratory rate.
B)good respiratory depth.
C)10 to 12 breaths/min.
D)all of the above.

Question 8

The flow rate of oxygen therapy is given in

A)liters per minute.
B)cubic meters per minute.
C)pounds per square inch.
D)millimeters of mercury.

Question 9

All of the following are true of oxygen therapy EXCEPT

A)the universal color of flowmeters is green.
B)oxygen is considered a drug and is regulated by the government.
C)oxygen therapy can be prescribed by pharmacists and respiratory therapists.
D)oxygen delivery devices either have a low flow rate or a high flow rate.

Question 10

The peak blood pressure reading when measuring blood pressures is

A)diastolic pressure.
B)systolic pressure.
C)blood pressure resulting from left ventricular contraction.
D)Both b and c

Question 11

The term bradypnea is used to describe

A)a decrease in respiratory rate.
B)an increase in respiratory rate.
C)difficulty in breathing.
D)absence of breathing.

Question 12

The levels of blood pressures that are read on a sphygmomanometer are

A)systolic over diastolic.
B)diastolic over systolic.
C)arterial over venous.
D)none of the above.

Question 13

When "high-flow" oxygen therapy is given,the _____ method is used.

A)intracatheter
B)nasal cannula
C)nasogastric
D)air-entrainment mask

Question 14

All of the following are related EXCEPT

A)oral.
B)tympanic.
C)inguinal.
D)rectal.

Question 15

When taking a portable chest radiograph on a patient undergoing oxygen therapy,

A)it is safe to remove the oxygen delivery during the setup and exposure.
B)the oxygen should not be removed without the consent of a physician or respiratory care practitioner.
C)the oxygen should be turned off briefly during the exposure to prevent an electrical spark.
D)the oxygen delivery system should have a low flow rate only.

Question 16

All of the following apply to respiratory measurements EXCEPT

A)a single respiration cycle consists of an inspiration and an expiration.
B)the respiratory rate of newborns averages 12 to 20 breaths/min.
C)adult respiration quality refers to rhythm,depth,and degree of effort.
D)respiration measurements may alter if the patient is supine.

Question 17

A reliable device to measure oxygen saturation levels of arterial blood is a

A)sphygmomanometer.
B)stethoscope.
C)pulse oximeter.
D)spirometer.

Question 18

Body homeostasis is often referred to as the body's "steady state" and is maintained by important body systems using physiologic feedback loops.Vital signs are an excellent indicator of the body's response to conditions and therapies the patient is undergoing.A key strength of using vital signs as an indicator of homeostasis is that they

A)are subjective and subject to interpretation.
B)are measured using interventional catheters and therefore are very accurate.
C)can be assessed quickly,and the data revealed are objective.
D)can be confirmed by asking the patient how he or she feels.

Question 19

The objective of oxygen therapy is to

A)produce a condition of hypoxemia.
B)decrease the CO2 concentration going to the patient.
C)increase the CO2 concentration going to the patient.
D)increase the O2 concentration going to the patient.

Question 20

To measure blood pressures,you will need a

A)thermometer and otoscope.
B)stethoscope and pulse oximeter.
C)sphygmomanometer and otoscope.
D)stethoscope and sphygmomanometer.

Question 21

You have just completed a portable chest radiograph on a cardiac patient with suspected congestive heart failure.As you review the image,the attending physician begins to look at the image and states that the central venous line tip appears to be located in the jugular vein.Looking at the image,it is apparent to you that the physician is looking at a superimposed endotracheostomy (ET)tube marker.It would be professionally appropriate for you to

A)tell the physician to order another image with more exposure technique.
B)politely correct the physician and point out the superimposition of the ET tube.
C)say nothing because it is not your responsibility to interpret images.
D)tell the charge nurse of the physician's error in judgment.

Question 22

The preferred location of a central venous line tip is the

A)superior vena cava.
B)inferior vena cava.
C)left ventricle.
D)gastric fundus.

Question 23

The ideal location of the endotracheal tube tip is

A)just below the junction of the esophagus and trachea.
B)in the left or right mainstem bronchus.
C)in the back of the throat.
D)in the trachea 1 to 2 inches above the carina.

Question 24

A Swan-Ganz catheter differs from a central venous (CV)catheter in that Swan-Ganz

A)lines measure arterial pressures in the wedge position and reflect pressure in the left atrium.
B)catheters may be single-lumen or multilumen design,with a pressure electrode and cuff at the distal end.
C)catheters are named after Jeremy Swan and William Ganz developers.
D)All of the above are true.

Question 25

A patient is thought to have had a cardiac arrest.The patient's pulse should be checked at the _____ artery.

A)radial
B)brachial
C)carotid
D)femoral

Question 26

To relieve a large tension pneumothorax,what kind of tube(s)is (are)inserted into the patient?

A)Nasogastric
B)Chest
C)Thoracostomy
D)Both b and c

Question 27

When performing portable chest radiography to assess pleural effusions,

A)the patient should remain supine.
B)as little as 30 mL of fluid may be visualized.
C)fluid accumulation in the pleural compartment causes blunting.
D)all of the above are correct.

Question 28

You have completed a portable chest radiograph on a patient in the ICU.The image is positioned correctly and has acceptable density and contrast.When the correct placement of a central venous (CV)line using a right-sided approach is assessed,the catheter tip should

A)not cross the midline of the patient and should be located in the superior vena cava.
B)cross the patient's midline and be positioned in the thoracic duct.
C)be located in the main pulmonary artery in a "wedge" position.
D)be located in the left ventricle for accurate pressure measurement.

Question 29

Thoracostomy tubes are used to

A)inject contrast media.
B)reestablish negative intrapleural pressure.
C)administer oxygen at high concentrations.
D)administer chemotherapeutic drugs.

Question 30

Which of the following is a common complication associated with CV line placement?

A)Pneumothorax or hemothorax
B)Tracheal erosion
C)Laryngedema
D)Atelectasis