Deck 30: The Reemergence of the Muslim World

Question 1

Which Muslim terrorist group is believed to be responsible for the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon?

A)Hizbullah
B)Muslim Brotherhood
C)al-Qaida
D)PLO
E)ISIS

Answer 1

al-Qaida

Question 2

Which country is the largest oil producing state in the Middle East?

A)Lebanon
B)Israel
C)Saudi Arabia
D)Iraq
E)Kuwait

Answer 2

Saudi Arabia

Question 3

Which of the following was true of the Balfour Declaration?

A)It promised to uphold the McMahon-Husayn correspondence.
B)It promised a Jewish-controlled state open to Jews and Arabs.
C)It promised support in establishing a "Jewish national homeland."
D)It promised to prevent the establishment of a "Jewish national homeland."
E)It promised to establish an Arab state between Iraq and Egypt.

Answer 3

It promised support in establishing a "Jewish national homeland."

Question 4

In terms of population, what is the largest Muslim country in the world?

A)Indonesia
B)Lebanon
C)Iran
D)Morocco
E)Syria

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the term Zionists ?

A)A self-declared caliphate in Syria and Iraq.
B)Jewish nationalists who claimed to represent European and American Jews.
C)An organization with the single goal of destroying the state of Israel.
D)A rejection of secularism as an ideology.
E)A network of Muslim terrorists headed by Osama bin Laden.

Question 6

Who led the anti-colonial forces during Indonesian decolonization?

A)Khomeini
B)Mubarak
C)Sukarno
D)Suharto
E)Qaddafi

Question 7

The last Shah of Iran did all of the following EXCEPT

A)Prohibited Westernization in all its forms.
B)Maintained and used a powerful army and police force.
C)Used oil profits to build large-scale government projects and live lavishly.
D)Neglected the well-being of the urban and rural underclass.
E)Ruled from 1941 to 1979 and was viewed as a puppet of the West.

Question 8

What was the purpose of the McMahon Letter?

A)The British promised to help establish an Arab state in the region between Iraq and Egypt.
B)The British promised to prevent the establishment of a Jewish state.
C)The British promised to remain neutral in regard to the disposition of Ottoman land.
D)The British promised to help establish an Arab state only if the Arabs accepted a Jewish state.
E)The British promised the Zionists they would prevent the establishment of an Arab state.

Question 9

What was the immediate cause of the First Persian Gulf War?

A)Iraq invaded Iran.
B)Iran invaded Palestine.
C)Iraq invaded Kuwait.
D)Iraq invaded Turkey.
E)Iran invaded Bosnia.

Question 10

By the start of World War II, what part of the population of Palestine was Jewish?

A)50 percent
B)30 percent
C)75 percent
D)10 percent
E)43 percent

Question 11

Beginning in the 1880s, and continuing for the following years, what led to increasing Jewish immigration into Palestine?

A)The need for laborers in the underpopulated Arab lands.
B)The founding of the international Zionist movement by Theodor Herzl.
C)The destruction of the Ottoman Empire creating a political vacuum.
D)The rise of Islamism and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).
E)The establishment of a League of Nations mandate in Palestine.

Question 12

Who is considered the father of modern Turkey?

A)Mustafa Kemal
B)Husayn ibn Ali al-Hashimi
C)Ahmad Ben Bella
D)Mahmood Mohammed Ali
E)Hafiz al-Assad

Question 13

After the Yom Kippur War, OPEC imposed an oil embargo, which produced all of the following consequences EXCEPT

A)a rise in the price of crude oil.
B)double-digit inflation.
C)a business recession.
D)a shortage of available laborers.
E)a shortage of crude oil worldwide.

Question 14

Which secularist head of state is INCORRECTLY matched with his country?

A)Gamal Abdel Nasser - Yemen
B)Anwar Sadat - Egypt
C)Hafiz al-Assad - Syria
D)King Husayn - Jordan
E)Ahmed Ben Bella   -  Algeria

Question 15

What was the purpose of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)?

A)To promote peaceful coexistence with non-Arabs.
B)To create a universal Muslim brotherhood.
C)To help women in Arab countries gain civil rights.
D)The advancement of science and technology.
E)The destruction of the state of Israel.

Question 16

What was the status of the Near Eastern Arab lands after World War I?

A)The Arabs achieved their long-sought-after independence.
B)The Arab lands remained under Zionist control.
C)The lands became mandates of the French and British.
D)The Arab lands were allied with the non-Arabic Bangladeshis.
E)The Arabs established democratic republics.

Question 17

After World War I, what became of Anatolia in Turkey?

A)a colony of the United States
B)a satellite colony of Greece
C)a colony of Britain and France
D)a mandate under the League of Nations
E)an independent state

Question 18

What was the result of the  Ayatollah Khomeini c oming to power after the Iranian Revolution of 1979?

A)He required all Iranians to convert to Sunni Islam.
B)He imposed strict anti-Western, anti-secular policies.
C)He called for an alliance with Britain and the United States.
D)He offered to share power with the Shah Pahlavi.
E)He established an authoritarian regime modeled on Turkey.

Question 19

What is the unique aspect of Islam among the major religions of the world?

A)Islamic law recognizes no separation between religious belief and civil laws.
B)Fundamentalism is the choice of the majority of adherents to Islam today, and always has been.
C)Holy wars have always been aimed only at non-Muslims, or infidels.
D)Muslims have never used warfare to spread their faith until the 20th century.
E)Islam encourages religious freedom more than other major religions.

Question 20

What was meant by the concept of a mandate in geopolitical terms?

A)Mandates were permission to extract oil.
B)Mandates were locations set aside as colonies.
C)Mandates were essentially occupied territories.
D)Mandates were compulsory rules for Arabs.
E)Mandates were areas liberated from the Germans.

Question 21

___________________ is a nation that has few resources so it has become entirely dependent on the US and the World Bank for financial assistance.​

Question 22

​Which nations were at war from 1980 to 1988 over oil-bearing territory in the Middle East?

A)​Pakistan and Afghanistan
B)​Syria and Lebanon
C)​Jordan and Syria
D)​Iran and Iraq
E)​Egypt and Israel

Question 23

The largest Muslim state,  ____________________,  attained independence in 1949.

Question 24

​What was the official reason the US invaded Iraq after the September 11 attacks?

A)​To return sovereignty to an elected Iraqi president and prime minister.
B)​George W. Bush's Cabinet urged the president to resume the war with Saddam.
C)Saddam's attacks on his own people through gas attacks and air assaults.​
D)​Saddam invaded neighboring Kuwait for access to the oil reserves.
E)Claimed Saddam was allied with al-Qaida and hiding WMDs.

Question 25

​Which nation was attacked in the Six-Day War?

A)​Palestine
B)​Egypt
C)​Israel
D)Syria​
E)​Lebanon

Question 26

In 1993, Bill Clinton produced an ineffectual agreement between the PLO and Israel called the ___________________.​

Question 27

In 1973, the ____________________  led to the Arabs decision to withhold all oil shipments to the US and its NATO allies.​

Question 28

In the 1920s, the Salafi Muslims in Egypt formed an organization called the ____________________, which advocates violence to achieve its goals.

Question 29

What does the acronym OPEC stand for?

A)Office of Palestinian Export Control
B)Official Petroleum Export Commission
C)Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
D)Oversight of Popular Exports Committee
E)Organization of Palestinian Extremist Countries

Question 30

____________________  is a type of government that claims to reconcile clashing points of view through the guidance of a single leader.

Question 31

All of the following are true of Bangladesh since its creation EXCEPT​

A)​Struggled with abject poverty and ranks as one of the world's poorest.
B)​A strong representation of radical Islamism has taken hold.
C)​Dependent on foreign aid sources from both the US and China.
D)​Secularist generals have ruled the country for the most part.
E)​Shown no interest in engaging in common policy with other Muslims.

Question 32

What was the most difficult problem in the Middle East after World War I?​

A)​The British Mandate of Palestine.
B)​The war between Greece and Turkey.
C)​The rise of Islamism.
D)​The Pan-Arabist movement.
E)​The authoritarian rule of the Shah of Iran.

Question 33

Which term best describes the post-independence Indonesian government?

A)terroristic dictatorship
B)guided democracy
C)military dictatorship
D)absolutist monarchy
E)communist oligarchy

Question 34

Since 2010, ____________________ is a term applied to a wave of demonstrations, rebellions, and revolutionary movements in some Arab Muslim countries.

Question 35

Lacking notable human, mineral, or energy resources, ____________________   and ____________________   are two Muslim states that are heavily dependent on aid from foreign sources.

Question 36

The 2010 reform movement in the Arab World was called what?

A)​the Six-Day War
B)the Arab Spring
C)Islamism
D)the McMahon Letter
E)the Yom Kippur War

Question 37

The  ____________________  was the British promise to support a Jewish national homeland.​

Question 38

Who are the Houthis?​

A)​A monopolistic party with an authoritarian head of a large Muslim nation.
B)​A Yemeni group who adhere to an ancient version of Shi'ism.
C)​A group headed by the caliph Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi.
D)​A broad movement of reform across the Muslim world.
E)​A military campaign by NATO nations in retaliation for the terrorist attacks on the West.

Question 39

The network of Muslim terrorists formerly led by the now dead Osama bin Laden is called ____________________.

Question 40

What is the one way Iranians are separated from the majority of Muslims?​

A)​They are Shi'ite Muslims.
B)They are Sunni Muslims.​
C)​They are members of the Salafi movement.
D)​They recognized the Ayatollah as the heir to Muhammad.
E)​They have an anti-Western government headed by the Ayatollah.

Question 41

Using examples, describe the results of Western intervention, particularly by the US, in the Muslim world during the modern era.​

Question 42

Trace the evolution of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict from World War I to the present including significant people and events.​

Question 43

Term for identification: Balfour Declaration

Question 44

Term for identification: mandates

Question 45

Term for identification: OPEC

Question 46

Term for identification: Six-Day War

Question 47

Trace the rise of Islamism from the late 19th century to the 21st century. How has Islamism impacted world affairs in the 21st century? Support your answer with examples.​

Question 48

Explain the significance of Middle Eastern oil to global politics and the global economy.

Question 49

Term for identification: al-Qaida

Question 50

Term for identification: Yom Kippur War

Question 51

Term for identification: Osama bin Laden

Question 52

Term for identification: Ataturk

Question 53

Term for identification: Zionists

Question 54

Term for identification: McMahon Letter

Question 55

Compare and contrast Turkey and Iran in the 20th century including significant figures and events in the political, economic, and social affairs of each.

Question 56

Using examples, describe the state of Muslim nations today, both Arab and non-Arab.