Deck 15: Europe and the Western Hemisphere Since 1945

Question 1

Between 1945 and the late 1970s,

A)of the nations of Europe, only France had fully recovered from the physical devastation of World War II.
B)the British governments abandoned the "welfare state" after losing Britain's empire.
C)Charles de Gaulle had crafted an ingeniously oblique fascist state until he was toppled from power due to his inability to restrain terrorism in Algeria and Vietnam.
D)the gross national product of France grew at an average annual rate of 5.5 percent during the decade following 1958.
E)British economic growth averaged over ten percent per year during the 1950s.

Answer 1

the gross national product of France grew at an average annual rate of 5.5 percent during the decade following 1958.

Question 2

The starting point of Existentialism was a renewed dedication to faith in God. ​

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The new prime minister of Great Britain immediately after World War II, Clement Atlee,

A)included two Communist members in his cabinet.
B)was a leftist revolutionary, whom the king removed two months after he took office.
C)favored abolition of all private banks in the country.
D)established the welfare state in Britain.
E)blocked parliamentary consideration of a National Health Insurance Act.

Answer 3

established the welfare state in Britain.

Question 4

When Iranian terrorists killed eleven Israeli athletes at the 1972 Moscow Olympic Games, hundreds of millions of people watched the dramatic incident on television.

Question 5

By the beginning of the twenty-first century, the two Eastern European states that were most successful in making the transition to democracy and free markets were Poland and the Czech Republic.

Question 6

The founding of the European Economic Community (EEC)

A)initially received strong encouragement from the Soviet Union, which played a leading role until the Cold War erupted.
B)established a customs union for its six member states.
C)initially embraced the Benelux countries, along with Sweden and Czechoslovakia.
D)was initially designed with the hope it would stabilize employment for the working classes, but this hope was soon shown to be impossible.
E)was publicly opposed by the United States and the Soviet Union, both of whom threatened military action.

Question 7

The policy known as Ostpolitik

A)almost led to East German absorption of West Germany.
B)was designed by Charles De Gaulle.
C)was designed by Conrad Adenauer.
D)increased cultural, personal, and economic relations between West and East Germany.
E)was an attempt by East Germany to unite with West Germany.

Question 8

In 2000, fighting in which breakaway Russian state reduced the republic's capital of Grozny to ruins?

A)Georgia.
B)Kasavyurt.
C)Chechnya.
D)Dagestan.
E)Makhachkala.

Question 9

Because of the feminist movement, by the 1960s, working-class women were making salaries equal to those of men performing equivalent work.

Question 10

Which of the following was not a problem faced by the government of Helmut Kohl?

A)the armed hostility of France
B)high levels of unemployment and social discontent in the eastern part of Germany
C)the collapsed East German economy
D)runaway budget deficits
E)higher taxes and a disgruntled populace

Question 11

In the booming economies of post-war Western Europe, labor shortages led to an increased reliance on foreign "guest" workers.​

Question 12

The disintegration of Czechoslovakia led to ethnic cleansing in Bosnia and Kosovo.

Question 13

The primary means for diffusion of American Pop Culture has been the Internet. ​

Question 14

In 2010, the thirteen-year rule of Britain's Labour Party came to an end as which conservative became Prime Minister?

A)Margaret Thatcher.
B)Gordon Brown.
C)Tony Blair.
D)David Cameron.
E)John Major.

Question 15

By the 1970s, Latin American governments attempted to maintain their failing economies by borrowing from abroad, particularly from banks in Europe and the United States.

Question 16

The term "ethnic cleansing" is associated with the tragedy which occurred in

A)the Czech Republic, with the breakup of Czechoslovakia.
B)Bosnia, during the breakup of Yugoslavia.
C)Poland, with the overthrow of the Communist government by Solidarity.
D)the Ukraine, with the atomic explosion at Chernobyl.
E)East Germany, with the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Question 17

Thatcherism

A)increased the benefits of the welfare state.
B)restricted union power.
C)increased the power of the labor unions.
D)resulted in high unemployment in southern England.
E)ended capitalism in Britain.

Question 18

Charles de Gaulle returned to power in France as a result of the crisis in Vietnam.

Question 19

British Prime Minister Tony Blair's popularity declined because of his support of the U.S. war in Iraq.

Question 20

Charles De Gaulle did not do which of the following things ?

A)see France decrease its gross domestic product during his period of government
B)create the Fifth Republic
C)increase the power of the office of president
D)come to power because of the Algerian crisis
E)endeavor to make France a major nuclear power

Question 21

Which statement about permissiveness in Western society is accurate?

A)Permissiveness dropped significantly after 1955.
B)Sexual habits have not been affected by the new attitudes.
C)Increased drug consumption became a part of modern permissiveness for many.
D)No relationship can be discovered between pornography, prostitution, and modern attitudes of permissiveness.
E)Political consciousness and youth protest has shown no relationship to rising permissiveness.

Question 22

In 1986, a nuclear disaster which occurred in this place served to enhance European awareness of environmental problems.

A)Samarkand.
B)Chernobyl.
C)Aswan.
D)the Three Gorges.
E)Agra.

Question 23

The movement for civil rights in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s

A)was strongly opposed by Malcolm X, a white political leader from Illinois.
B)created a "white backlash" which aided a national trend toward greater political conservatism.
C)received no governmental support until 1974.
D)energized Indian and black minorities, who together composed 34 percent of the population.
E)finally achieved the right to vote for all black American adults as a result of the Proclamation of 1953.

Question 24

This nation took the lead in the so-called "Sexual Revolution" of the 1960s.

A)Great Britain
B)The Netherlands
C)Sweden
D)The United States
E)Belgium

Question 25

Which of the following is a correct statement about postwar Canadian political development?

A)Lester Pearson advocated political union with the United States.
B)The Liberal Party created Canada's welfare state.
C)Brian Mulroney opposed a free trades agreement with the United States that was very well received by all Canadians.
D)Quebec was granted independence in 2006, as a result of the national referendum.
E)Vast oil reserves were discovered off the coast of British Columbia.

Question 26

The substitution of traditional imports by increasing domestic industrial production in Latin America began to fail in the 1960s because

A)they often lacked sufficient labor to allow them to compete with foreign manufacturers.
B)Japan refused to buy any goods from countries using import-substitution.
C)domestic markets were too small and countries were unable to find enough foreign buyers.
D)United States firms effectively stifled attempts to establish industry in Latin America.
E)foreign capital costs and a welter of other, highly technical problems fatally weakened attempts to expand Latin American industry.

Question 27

The women's movement writer of The Second Sex was

A)Simone de Cognac.
B)Simone de Beauvoir.
C)Adrienne Koch.
D)Germaine Greer.
E)Christabel Pankhurst.

Question 28

All of the following are correct regarding the presidency of George W. Bush except

A)he raised taxes on the wealthy to balance the government budget.
B)he experienced very low approval ratings from the public.
C)he weakened environmental laws.
D)discontent with the war in Iraq reduced his popularity with the voters.
E)the Department of Homeland Security was established.

Question 29

Richard Nixon

A)pursued a "northern strategy," making civil rights a central plank in his political platform.
B)ordered the killing of four students at Ohio's Kent State University by army soldiers.
C)refused to end the Vietnam War.
D)used illegal methods to obtain information from his political rivals.
E)made minor mistakes, but he was careful not to lie to Congress or the people.

Question 30

The Reagan Revolution included all of the following except

A)strong support for labor unions and war on poverty programs.
B)a decrease in spending on social welfare programs.
C)tax reduction.
D)an increase in military expenditures.
E)a resultant huge growth in federal budget deficits.

Question 31

Canada

A)had only a cautious, minimal subsidy program to private insurance companies to cover catastrophic health insurance for its citizens until 1999.
B)like Latin America, has an economy based entirely on the export of raw materials.
C)has only a poor working class with an average income considerably lower than that of blue-collar workers in Latin America.
D)has many citizens who believe the United States has excessive influence in Canadian politics and over the Canadian economy.
E)has three official languages: English, French, and Cree.

Question 32

Terrorism is often motivated by all of the following except

A)the desire for revolutionary upheaval.
B)nationalistic desires aimed at creating new states.
C)desires for political retribution.
D)a desire to invoke political, social, and religious pluralism.
E)religious commitments and beliefs.

Question 33

Samuel Beckett, in Waiting for Godot , developed the dramatic movement known as

A)Cubism.
B)the Theater of the Absurd.
C)Synergetic Surrealism.
D)Monism.
E)Didacticism.

Question 34

Throughout Europe, during the decade between 1948 and 1957,

A)enrollment in universities experienced a steady decline.
B)prostitution became rampant.
C)the number of cars tripled.
D)there was a return to the traditional occupation of farming.
E)economic growth stagnated.

Question 35

Which of the following was not true about Argentina?

A)The Perónist government employed fascist gangs to overawe opponents.
B)Eva Perón opposed the women's organizations that supported the Peronistas.
C)Governmental corruption and ineffectiveness resulted in a military coup in 1976.
D)After decades of full or partial military rule, democracy began again with the election of Raúl Alfonsín in 1983.
E)The military regime murdered perhaps 6,000 leftists in 1976.

Question 36

Demonstrations occurred on university campuses during the 1960s for all of the following reasons except

A)protests against the Vietnam War.
B)grade inflation.
C)irrelevant educational requirements.
D)desire for greater involvement in the running of the university.
E)overcrowded classrooms and uncaring professors and administrators.

Question 37

Major developments in Latin America since 1955 have included

A)large increases in the incomes of peasants and industrial workers.
B)sharp reductions in foreign debt in the 1970s, as governments worked to reduce outsiders' control of their economies.
C)an end to the cultivation of coca and marijuana in the region by 1990.
D)an increase in the number of democratic regimes in the 1980s and 1990s.
E)the outbreak of serious interracial conflict, often sparking large urban riots and frightening outbreaks of savage "ethnic cleansing."

Question 38

All of the following are correct regarding the presidency of Bill Clinton except

A)Clinton claimed he was a "new Democrat."
B)he adopted a number of conservative policies.
C)because of his misconduct with a White House intern, he was not reelected in 1996.
D)the government budget deficit was reduced during his administration.
E)his vice president, Al Gore, was defeated in the 2000 election.

Question 39

Which of the following statements accurately describes developments relating to Cuba in the late 1950s and early 1960s?

A)President Johnson authorized the CIA to train Cuban exiles to invade the island.
B)The Bay of Pigs disaster resulted in a Soviet decision to place Soviet missiles in Cuba.
C)Fidel Castro was overthrown by Fulgencio Batista.
D)Ché Guevara successfully established a communist government in Bolivia.
E)Fidel Castro withdrew Cuba from the United Nations.

Question 40

The leader of the successful revolution in Cuba in December 1958 was

A)Pedro Ramos.
B)Fidel Castro.
C)Fulgencio Batista.
D)Ernesto Ché Guevara.
E)Juan Perón.

Question 41

In 1968, the event which demonstrated Mexico's domination by one political party was​

A)suppression of popular demonstrations at the Mexico City Olympics
B)the assassination of the leading candidate of the PRI
C)massacre of students demonstrating at Tlaltelolco Square
D)the murder of Leon Trotsky by KGB agents complicit with the Mexican government
E)the fifth term election of Luis Echeverrıa

Question 42

Sl obodan Milosevic ​led which Balkan nation in rejecting the independence of some territories in former Yugoslavia?

A)Serbia
B)Croatia
C)Macedonia
D)Bosnia
E)Albania

Question 43

Which of the following was NOT an action accomplished under the Lyndon Johnson administration?

A)War on Poverty.
B)Civil Rights Act of 1964
C)Voting Rights Act of 1965
D)Committment of American troops to the Vietnam War
E)Detente talks with China

Question 44

Chile's Salvador Allende became the president with the support of​

A)radical Catholics, Communists and Socialists.
B)democratic, leftists middle class voters.
C)conservative landowners and industrialists, supported by the CIA.
D)military cooperation of Augusto Pinochet
E)the Columbian drug cartel.

Question 45

Wh at was the primary cause of the economic collapse of East Germany the late 1980's?​

A)Concern over the weakening economy of the Soviet Union.
B)"Brain drain" as skilled workers fled to the West.
C)Unemployment and severe discontent.
D)Reunification with West Germany.
E)A shutdown of work by protesters inspired by Lech Walesa and Solidarity.

Question 46

The province which wanted to secede from Canada but was defeated in popular referendum in 1995 was​

A)Ontario
B)Alberta
C)British Columbia
D)Quebec
E)Manitoba

Question 47

John F. Kennedy's administration focused primarily on​

A)the ​civil rights movement.
B)foreign affairs.
C)promoting and continuing economic growth of consumer goods.
D)promoting American technological supremacy in the "space race."
E)the "war on poverty."

Question 48

Who were the Sandinistas?​

A)anti-imperialist rebels in Columbia.
B)successors to the independence group Tupac Amaru in Mexico.
C)Marxist guerilla forces against the Somosa regime in Nicaragua.
D)radical Jesuit forces in Argentina fighting against the Dirty War.
E)striking copper miners in Venezuela who initiated a government shutdown after the spread of popular demonstrations.

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Charles de Gaulle and the Fifth French Republic

Question 50

The Harvard-educated billionaire right-centrist elected as president in Chile following divisions in the Socialist party in 2010 was ​

A)Carlos ​Slim
B)Jorge paulo Lemann
C)Michelle Bachelet
D)Sebastian Piñera
E)Salvador Allende

Question 51

Popular culture

A)is, to a significant degree, created in the United Kingdom and then, in part at least, spread to other Western areas and beyond.
B)has proven unexpectedly resistant to exploitation by commercial interests.
C)became, in the area of sports, highly commercialized during the second half of the twentieth century.
D)is mainly Asian in emphasis.
E)has had little influence on most of the world's peoples.

Question 52

Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal plan accomplished all of the following EXCEPT​

A)Growth of federal government in scope and power
B)the rise of organized labor as a significant force in the economy and politics
C)passage of an Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution.
D)beginning of a welfare state like those in Europe.
E)experimenting with deficit spending to spur the economy.

Question 53

The so-called "Americanization of the world" has resulted from all of the following influences except

A)Hollywood movies.
B)popular musical forms such as jazz and rock and roll.
C)television.
D)advertising.
E)the bleak world-view of absurdist drama and literature.

Question 54

Germany's "economic miracle" resurrection was led by which Chancellor?​

A)Willie Brandt
B)Ossi Heimhofer
C)Konrad Adenauer
D)Helmut Kohl
E)Andrea Hacker

Question 55

Jackson Pollock was a practitioner of

A)Existentialism.
B)Absurdism.
C)Pop Art.
D)Abstract Expressionism.
E)Postmodernism.

Question 56

The two writers who were closely associated with existentialism were

A)Jackson Pollock and Simone de Beauvoir.
B)Samuel Beckett and Timothy Leary.
C)Alan Turing and J. Robert Oppenheimer.
D)E.F. Schumacher and Bob Dylan.
E)Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus.

Question 57

The second Balkan war that started in 1989, and generated the bombing led by the United States and NATO was between​

A)Bosnia and Serbia
B)Serbia and Croatia
C)Kosovo and Montenegro
D)Kosovo and Serbia
E)Albania and Herzegovina.

Question 58

The reestablishment of multinational corporations in Latin America were invited to take advantage of the burgeoning economy of the 1950-60's by ​

A)the Pan-American Economic Consortium
B)newly decolonized democratic nations like Guiana and Honduras.
C)emerging middle class business partners in Venezuela and Peru.
D)repressive military regimes in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.
E)popular referendum in Columbia, Panama and Nicaragua, fighting against encroaching Marxists.

Question 59

The only Republican president of the United States between 1932 and 1968 was ​

A)Richard Nixon
B)Lyndon Johnson
C)Eugene McCarthy
D)Dwight D. Eisenhower
E)Harry S. Truman

Question 60

Which of the following is NOT true of Vladimir Putin, President of Russia?​

A)He replaced Boris Yeltsin after Yeltsin suddenly resigned.
B)He is a former member of the KGB.
C)He centralized federal power in Moscow.
D)He initiated a program of economic reforms that yielded an economic boom and budget surplus.
E)He negotiated peace with Chechnya,

Question 61

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Margaret Thatcher, the "Iron Lady," and Thatcherism

Question 62

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Willi Brandt and Ostpolitik

Question 63

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Treaty of Rome/European Economic Community (EEC)

Question 64

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
the euro

Question 65

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Martin Luther King and the March on Washington

Question 66

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Richard Nixon and the "southern strategy"

Question 67

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
France's nuclear bomb

Question 68

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
"the white backlash"

Question 69

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Konrad Adenauer

Question 70

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Helmut Kohl and German reunification

Question 71

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Watergate

Question 72

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Jimmy Carter and hostages in Iran

Question 73

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Treaty on European Union, 1994

Question 74

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Slobodan Miloševicand "ethnic cleansing"

Question 75

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Angela Merkel

Question 76

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
the Reagan Revolution

Question 77

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Tony Blair

Question 78

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
1968 student protests

Question 79

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Marshal Tito and Yugoslavia

Question 80

Instructions: Identify the following terms.
Lyndon B. Johnson and the War on Poverty