Deck 19: Maximizing Learning through Reflective Processing and Active Thinking

Question 1

Which type of processing helps you to learn more from a textbook and to better understand and remember details?

A)Automatic processing
B)Experiential processing
C)Proactive processing
D)Reflective processing

Answer 1

D

Question 2

By reacting "mindfully" and actively thinking about what you are experiencing, you are using __________ processing.

A)reflective
B)experiential
C)contextual
D)retroactive

Answer 2

A

Question 3

As Marty is being interviewed for a job, he actively and carefully listens to the interviewer's questions and puts serious effort into thinking through the implications of answering each question in different ways before he responds. He is both focused and controlled throughout the interview. Marty is exhibiting __________ processing.

A)reactive
B)reflective
C)contextual
D)experiential

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The first step in reflective learning is to

A)set specific, objective learning goals.
B)plan a learning strategy.
C)be your own teacher.
D)take corrective action.

Question 5

Most perceptions, as well as some learning, intuition, and creativity, depend in part on an automatic, effortless type of processing known as __________ processing.

A)experiential
B)reactive
C)contextual
D)reflective

Question 6

In memory terms, the consequence of reflective learning is

A)elaborative processing.
B)maintenance rehearsal.
C)encoding failure.
D)experiential processing.

Question 7

Experiential processing involves

A)automatic, effortless, and passive thought.
B)the creation of more detailed memories.
C)mindfully focusing on events.
D)going beyond the information given.

Question 8

According to the discussion of reflective learning in your textbook, if you fall short of your goals, you should

A)reward yourself for your effort, not for meeting goals.
B)redo your long-term goals by lowering them and making them less specific.
C)adjust how you budget your time and take advantage of tutoring programs.
D)do all of these.

Question 9

According to your textbook authors, students who get good grades and remember more of the material long after the course is over

A)studied early in the morning rather than right before they went to sleep.
B)worked more reflectively.
C)tended to read each chapter at least three times.
D)tried not to overlearn the material, since this usually causes confusion.

Question 10

Reflective learning does NOT include which of the following?

A)Setting specific, objective learning goals
B)Making daily, weekly, and monthly plans for learning
C)Being your own teacher
D)Utilizing massed practice before each exam

Question 11

When Enos finds that he is falling short of his study goals, he sets up the desk in his dorm room facing a blank wall, so he cannot look out the window. He also turns off his cell phone and TV when he studies. Enos has been able to make his studying more reflective by

A)switching to a massed practice strategy.
B)using the steps in the LISAN method.
C)taking corrective action.
D)punishing his lack of goal attainment.

Question 12

When your thinking is automatic, effortless, and passive, you are engaged in __________ processing.

A)reflective
B)reactive
C)contextual
D)experiential

Question 13

Students who deliberately focus their thoughts and engage in active, self-regulated study are exhibiting

A)massed practice.
B)experiential learning.
C)reflective learning.
D)maintenance rehearsal.

Question 14

Effective learners silently give themselves guidance and ask themselves questions. For example, as they are learning, they might ask themselves, "What are the important ideas here? What do I remember? What don't I understand? What do I need to review? What should I do next?" This step in reflective learning is known as

A)being one's own teacher.
B)planning a learning strategy.
C)monitoring one's progress.
D)taking corrective action.

Question 15

Susan has started college. To maximize her learning, she sets specific, objective learning goals; makes a daily, weekly, and monthly learning strategy; monitors and rewards herself; evaluates her progress; and takes corrective action when needed. Susan's actions illustrate

A)the SQ4R method.
B)the LISAN method.
C)massed practice.
D)reflective learning.

Question 16

Last night you vegged out in front of the TV set and watched a couple of hours of programs. However, this morning you have trouble remembering the plot of either program. Your passive viewing of the television is a good example of

A)reflective processing.
B)experiential processing.
C)transient narcosis.
D)depersonalization.

Question 17

Which of the following would NOT be a part of reflective learning?

A)Monitoring your progress
B)Making daily, weekly, and monthly plans for learning
C)Being your own teacher and rewarding yourself
D)Outlining chapters and recopying your notes

Question 18

Thought that is active, effortful, and controlled is referred to as __________ processing.

A)experiential
B)reflective
C)contextual
D)proactive

Question 19

Dara keeps records of her progress, such as the number of pages she reads, hours studied, and assignments completed, because she knows that reflective learning depends on

A)massed practice.
B)self-monitoring.
C)mnemonics.
D)perfectionism.

Question 20

You were flipping through the television channels when you came upon a program about your future career. The next day, you told your best friend about all the details you learned from this program. When you were viewing the television program on your future occupation, you were exhibiting __________ processing.

A)reactive
B)reflective
C)experiential
D)contextual

Question 21

The most important step in the SQ4R method involves readers relating new facts, terms, and concepts to information they already know well or to their own experiences. This important step is called

A)review.
B)reflect.
C)sequential cognition.
D)query experientially.

Question 22

After reading a small amount of material in her textbook, Juanita pauses and rehearses what she has just read and tries to mentally answer the question, "What is the main idea here?" Juanita also jots down brief notes on what she has just read. Juanita is engaged in which of the six steps of the reflective SQ4R method?

A)Survey
B)Sequence
C)Review
D)Recite

Question 23

In class, you relate the new information about the cognitive development of young children to the experiences that you had while babysitting. You are exhibiting

A)egocentrism.
B)transference.
C)self-projection.
D)self-reference.

Question 24

Margaret has just started reading the assigned chapter in her psychology textbook. She begins by looking at the TOPIC (B-HEAD)headings, figure captions, and the chapter summary points in order to get an overall picture of what she will be reading. Which step is Margaret performing in the reflective SQ4R method?

A)Query
B)Sequence
C)Survey
D)Reflect

Question 25

Regarding the use of the reflective SQ4R method in reading your psychology textbook, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)After you've studied a short "bite" of text, turn the next TOPIC (B-HEAD)heading into questions and read to the next heading.
B)If you can't summarize the main ideas in a section, move on to the next section and come back to this section later.
C)Remember to look for answers as you read and to recite or take notes before moving on.
D)Repeat the question-read-recite cycle until you've finished an entire chapter or just from one Knowledge Builder to the next, if you want to read shorter sections.

Question 26

Jasmine is reading the section of her chapter assignment entitled "Stages of Sleep." She thinks to herself, "Is there more than one stage of sleep?" "What are the stages of sleep?" "How do they differ?" Which step is Jasmine performing in the reflective SQ4R method?

A)Question
B)Sequence
C)Survey
D)Reflect

Question 27

Making brief notes during which step of the SQ4R method helps to reveal what you do and don't know and helps you to fill in gaps in your knowledge?

A)Survey
B)Sequence
C)Review
D)Recite

Question 28

The ability to evaluate, compare, analyze, critique, and synthesize information is known as

A)massed practice.
B)experiential learning.
C)critical thinking.
D)transference.

Question 29

As Ian reads about the research methods in Chapter 1 of his psychology textbook, he tries to analyze, compare, and evaluate these types of research techniques regarding when each would best be used. Ian is using

A)massed practice.
B)experiential learning.
C)critical thinking.
D)transference.

Question 30

According to the third step in the SQ4R method, one should

A)read the entire chapter before stopping.
B)read in short "bites," from one TOPIC (B-HEAD)heading to the next, then stop.
C)outline the chapter as one reads.
D)read using experiential processing.

Question 31

Using the SQ4R method while reading a textbook is an example of

A)massed practice.
B)contextual practice.
C)experiential processing.
D)reflective processing.

Question 32

One way to be more effective and efficient while reading a textbook is to

A)use massed practice.
B)use the experiential processing method.
C)use the reflective SQ4R method.
D)reread the textbook assignment at least four times before every test.

Question 33

Once you have surveyed a chapter, you should (in order to read with purpose)

A)turn each TOPIC (B-HEAD)heading into one or more questions.
B)sequence the chapter and then outline it.
C)use experiential processing as you read.
D)do all of these.

Question 34

The six steps of the reflective SQ4R method, in order, are

A)survey, question, read, recite, reflect, and review.
B)sequence, query, read, recite, review, and reflect.
C)skim, question, read, relate, recite, and reflect.
D)scan, query, read, recite, review, and relate.

Question 35

Two ways to become more reflective while reading is to use

A)massed practice and experiential processing.
B)self-projection and transference.
C)animism and egocentrism.
D)self-reference and critical thinking.

Question 36

As Meredith reads her psychology chapter, she actively thinks about what she is reading by relating new facts, terms, and concepts to her own experiences and to information that she already knows well. Meredith also pauses to evaluate, compare, analyze, critique, and synthesize what she is reading. Meredith is exhibiting __________ reading.

A)reflective
B)experiential
C)contextual
D)reactive

Question 37

While writing his term paper in psychology, Jess analyzes, evaluates, compares, and critiques the data he collects and then synthesizes this information into his report. Jess is using the ability known as

A)critical thinking.
B)experiential processing.
C)proactive transference.
D)massed practice.

Question 38

As Marta listens to her instructor during psychology class, she tries to relate these new facts, terms, and concepts to her own experiences and to information she already knows well. Thus, Marta is making these new ideas more personally meaningful and easier to remember by using the practice of

A)egocentrism.
B)self-reference.
C)transference.
D)self-projection.

Question 39

The practice of relating new information to prior life experiences is referred to as

A)egocentrism.
B)transference.
C)self-reference.
D)self-projection.

Question 40

Which step in the reflective SQ4R method involves skimming through the chapter before reading the chapter in depth?

A)Search
B)Selection
C)Survey
D)Sequence

Question 41

In your psychology textbook, Discovering Psychology boxes invite you to relate psychology to your own life, while the Human Diversity boxes encourage students to think about the rich variability of the human experience. Thus, these features aid which step in the SQ4R method?

A)Reflect
B)Question
C)Survey
D)Sequential processing

Question 42

According to the LISAN method, every lecture is based on a core of

A)identifications.
B)ideas.
C)noteworthy examples.
D)specific terminology.

Question 43

A person who knows how to maintain attention, avoid distractions, and skillfully gather information from class lectures would be described as a(n)__________ listener.

A)reflective
B)experiential
C)compulsive
D)intuitive

Question 44

Each chapter in your psychology book concludes with a detailed point-by-point summary of the chapter's "big ideas" and enduring principles. This detailed chapter review is called

A)Reflection Signposts.
B)The Clinical File.
C)The Knowledge Builder.
D)Gateways to Psychology.

Question 45

You will learn more as you read if you

A)utilize experiential processing during your reading and studying sessions.
B)use massed practice whenever you read and study.
C)read every chapter in the textbook at least three times.
D)bring more mindfulness and genuine interest to your reading.

Question 46

While taking notes in class, LaShonda tries to anticipate what the teacher will say and looks for the core of ideas that will make up this lecture. She listens for signal words that will tell her what direction her instructor is taking, and she sits where she can get involved and ask questions. Lastly, LaShonda is selective in writing down only the key points of the lecture, so she can focus on what the professor is saying. LaShonda is engaged in the

A)experiential approach.
B)LISAN method.
C)SQ4R method.
D)use of mnemonics.

Question 47

When Jason is in class, he sits away from distractions and where he can hear the teacher and see the slide and video presentations. Jason also reads his textbook before coming to class, so he can skillfully take notes and answer questions. Jason would be described as a(n)__________ listener.

A)reflective
B)experiential
C)compulsive
D)intuitive

Question 48

Answers to which of the following would be a good summary of the core concepts in each chapter of your psychology textbook?

A)Discovery Psychology Questions
B)Self-Reflect Questions
C)Figure Captions
D)Gateway Questions

Question 49

In the psychology textbook, a running glossary is located

A)at the beginning of each chapter.
B)at the end of each chapter.
C)near the end of the book.
D)in the lower right-hand corner of the chapter pages.

Question 50

To help the student study in smaller "bites," the textbook is divided into short sections that end with a study guide that contains Recite questions for the student to answer and check how well he or she remembers what was read as well as the Think Critically and Self-Reflect questions. These study guides found after each short reading section are called

A)Reflection Signposts.
B)Knowledge Builders.
C)Running Glossaries.
D)Clinical Files.

Question 51

In the psychology textbook, the main Subject Index\Glossary is located

A)at the beginning of each chapter.
B)at the end of each chapter.
C)near the end of the textbook.
D)in the lower right-hand corner of the chapter pages.

Question 52

Each chapter of the psychology textbook ends with a section filled with practical ideas for relating psychology to one's own life. This last section of each chapter, which aids reflection, is called

A)Critical Thinking.
B)Human Diversity.
C)The Clinical File.
D)A Psychologist's Skill Set.

Question 53

The most important way to actively interact with your textbook as you read is to

A)outline the chapter.
B)ask yourself a lot of questions.
C)use experiential processing.
D)read continuously without stopping.

Question 54

Sean opens the first chapter in his psychology textbook and looks over the Gateway Theme and the list of Gateway Questions as well as a short opening story. These features of his psychology textbook will help Sean identify the important ideas in the chapter as well as getting him interested in the TOPIC (B-HEAD)s to be covered. Sean has just engaged in which step of the SQ4R method?

A)Reflect
B)Review
C)Survey
D)Sequential processing

Question 55

According to the LISAN method, phrases that instructors use, such as "there are three reasons why," "the most important step," and "on the contrary" would be examples of

A)experiential cognition.
B)mnemonics.
C)signal words.
D)acronyms.

Question 56

When Julio finishes his psychology reading assignment for the day, he skims back over the chapter and reads over his notes, checking his memory by reciting and quizzing himself one more time. Julio is utilizing a step in the SQ4R method that involves

A)active review.
B)experiential processing.
C)the EMDR technique.
D)massed practice.

Question 57

Each chapter in your psychology book concludes with a point-by-point summary of the chapter's "big ideas" and enduring principles. These ending summaries will help students during which step in the SQ4R method?

A)Sequencing
B)Scanning
C)Recite
D)Review

Question 58

Self-reference and critical thinking are most important in which step of the SQ4R method?

A)Experiential processing
B)Sequential processing
C)Reflect
D)Review

Question 59

In your psychology textbook, each chapter opens with a short story and a

A)pretest quiz.
B)list of Gateway summary statements.
C)list of Gateway questions.
D)Knowledge Builder.

Question 60

Muriel's professor provides copies of her slide presentations online. So, before every lecture, Muriel reads her assigned materials and looks over these slides in order to anticipate what her professor will say in class. Muriel is utilizing which step in the LISAN method?

A)Lead, don't follow.
B)Initiate, don't procrastinate.
C)Saturate oneself with knowledge.
D)Analyze those notes.

Question 61

According to the authors of your textbook, which of the following would be considered a GOOD study strategy?

A)Overlearning
B)Recopying lecture notes
C)Outlining chapters
D)Group study sessions

Question 62

Regarding good study strategies, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)For best results, you should make your mnemonic images exaggerated or bizarre, vivid, and interactive.
B)Massed practice is usually superior to spaced practice.
C)Trying to learn only from studying the practice quizzes will probably lower your grade.
D)Many students underprepare for exams, and most overestimate how well they will do on the exam.

Question 63

Abbot sits where he can get involved and ask questions. In addition, he brings questions that he wants answered from the last lecture, so he can ask the teacher at the beginning of class. Abbot's behaviors illustrate which step in the LISAN method?

A)Actively listen
B)Initiate learning
C)Signal words
D)Analyze notes

Question 64

According to the authors of your textbook, which of the following would be considered a POOR study strategy?

A)Self-testing
B)Overlearning
C)Spaced practice
D)Recopying your lecture notes

Question 65

Regarding good study strategies, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Usually, you should not try to learn anything new about a subject during the last day before a test.
B)Most mnemonics link new information to ideas or images that are easy to remember.
C)Spaced practice is usually superior to massed practice.
D)Students who overprepare for a test usually become so nervous during the test that they "blank out," forgetting what they studied.

Question 66

Regarding good study strategies, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Good students tend to blame their poor grades on events beyond their control.
B)You should have at least one place where you only study, so the habit of studying will become strongly linked with this one specific place.
C)A great way to improve grades is to take practice tests before the real one in class.
D)The best students study their books and notes in depth and attend classes regularly.

Question 67

One way to overlearn is to approach all tests as if they will be

A)multiple choice.
B)true-false.
C)matching.
D)essay.

Question 68

Regarding taking and using class notes, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)Students who take accurate lecture notes tend to do well on tests.
B)Very few students take reasonably good notes.
C)Many students wait until just before exams to review their notes.
D)As students review their notes, they should try to link new ideas to what they already know.

Question 69

When students review their notes over many relatively short study sessions, it is referred to as __________ practice.

A)spaced
B)massed
C)sequential
D)experiential

Question 70

If you continue to study your notes and learn even after you believe that you know the material, then you are exhibiting

A)Mnemonics.
B)Overlearning.
C)Spaced practice.
D)Massed practice.

Question 71

According to the authors of your textbook, which of the following would be considered a POOR study strategy?

A)Self-testing
B)Studying in a specific place
C)Massed practice
D)Using mnemonics

Question 72

Which of the following would NOT be good advice to a student about taking and using class notes?

A)Try to anticipate what your teacher will say by asking yourself questions.
B)Try to be like a tape recorder by taking down the teacher's statements exactly.
C)Listen for words that tell you the direction the instructor is taking.
D)Improve your notes by filling in gaps, summarizing your notes, and organizing them.

Question 73

Marian has been preparing for the 50-item multiple-choice test this week by studying as if it were an essay exam. Although Marian believes that she has mastered the material, she continues to review over the material each day. Marian is exhibiting an efficient study strategy known as

A)overlearning.
B)massed practice.
C)experiential processing.
D)the LISAN method.

Question 74

When students review their notes in one long, uninterrupted study session, it is referred to as __________ practice.

A)spaced
B)massed
C)sequential
D)experiential

Question 75

Karilyn begins studying each evening by doing her math at the kitchen table, so she can talk to her mother who is preparing dinner. Then, she goes to her room and reads her psychology, history, and literature textbooks for a couple of hours more while listening to music or watching TV. She usually texts her friends several times during the evening about the assignments as well. Regarding her study habits, Karilyn should

A)be recopying her notes or outlining the chapters rather than just reading the textbooks.
B)study in one specific quiet place without any distractions.
C)join a study group for each subject.
D)maintain her current study routine.

Question 76

Regarding taking and using class notes, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A)When taking notes, listen to everything but be selective and write down only key points and not every bit of information word-for-word.
B)Most students take reasonably good notes but unfortunately wait right before the exam to review them.
C)After each class session, one should write down several major ideas and definitions that are likely to become test questions, make up questions, and then answer them.
D)Effective note taking has been shown to increase experiential processing of the course material.

Question 77

When students pose questions to themselves in order to determine what TOPIC (B-HEAD)s they need to study more, the students are using a technique known as

A)mnemonics.
B)self-testing.
C)the LISAN method.
D)the EMDR method.

Question 78

Jake is listening to his instructor lecturing about the SQ4R method. She states that "There are six steps in ...," which lets Jake know that "Here come some ideas." Later, she says "The most important step in the method is ...," which alerts Jake to a main idea. According to the LISAN method, these phrases are examples of

A)acronyms.
B)mnemonics.
C)signal words.
D)experiential notations.

Question 79

Chris is studying for his psychology test by using flash cards and the practice quizzes. Chris is engaged in

A)mnemonics.
B)the LISAN method.
C)self-testing.
D)the SQ4R method.

Question 80

Which of the following is NOT a good guideline for taking tests?

A)Read all directions and questions carefully.
B)Quickly survey the test before you begin.
C)Answer the more difficult questions before the easy ones.
D)Ask the teacher for clarification when necessary.