Deck 3: Founding the English Mainland Colonies, 1585-1732

Question 1

English Puritans demanded

A)separation of church and state.
B)purging the Church of England of Catholic influences.
C)greater power for the House of Commons.
D)ending slavery.

Answer 1

purging the Church of England of Catholic influences.

Question 2

During the "starving time" in Virginia, John Smith established what policy to ensure survival of the colony?

A)Everyone was given food first, then asked to help plant corn and other crops when needed.
B)The English sense of entitlement forced the Indians to feed them or risk certain death.
C)Everyone could do what they wanted because ships would arrive with supplies regularly.
D)If a colonist did not work, then the colonist did not get food.

Answer 2

If a colonist did not work, then the colonist did not get food.

Question 3

One fundamental difference in approach to colonization by the English government was:

A)the centrally controlled effort, financed fully by the national treasury
B)they relied on private citizens to risk money rather than fund colonies from the treasury
C)the use of English army and navy to establish colonies, then turn them over to civilians
D)their cooperation with the Dutch to establish mutually owned and regulated colonies

Answer 3

they relied on private citizens to risk money rather than fund colonies from the treasury

Question 4

Work on a tobacco plantation included all of the following, EXCEPT

A)planting
B)drying
C)periodic burning
D)harvesting

Question 5

By 1610, the Jamestown settlement looked like a failure. What saved it?

A)A series of successful wars against the neighboring Indians
B)The discovery that a strain of tobacco could be grown there
C)An end to the drought that had ruined the settlers' harvests
D)The arrival of a new governor, John Rolfe

Question 6

What economic transformation in England led to the loss of farmland for families, resulting in a high homeless rate and unemployment?

A)the law of "no work, no food"
B)English royal subsidies
C)the development of farm machinery using steam power
D)the use of land to raise sheep for the woolen industry

Question 7

Perhaps the most significant reason the Jamestown settlement failed to thrive was due to:

A)constant attacks by the Powhatan Indians
B)a lack of individual and collective motivation to do the hard work needed to survive
C)irregular resupply of food and goods from England as planned
D)the head-right system

Question 8

The Good Friday massacre mounted by the Powhatan Indians in 1622 resulted in:

A)long term peace between the English and the natives for twenty years.
B)the destruction of the Virginia colony which moved to New England for safety.
C)the death of one-quarter of the Virginia colonists in a single day and the revoking of the company's charter two years later.
D)total defeat for the Protestants in Maryland.

Question 9

Which statement best describes Maryland's efforts to prevent persecution of Catholic colonists?

A)It successfully re-created the medieval feudal system.
B)It offered religious toleration to all Christians.
C)It was the first colony to use a representative assembly.
D)It was the first colony to grow cash crops.

Question 10

Which of the following ended the Great Migration of Puritan settlers to the Massachusetts Bay colony in the first half of the seventeenth century?

A)religious tensions
B)economic distress in the homeland
C)a lack of interested migrants.
D)Oliver Cromwell's rise to power in England.

Question 11

Catholics in Maryland

A)experienced severe persecution from the crown because of their large numbers.
B)generally avoided politics.
C)had much greater influence than the poorer, but more numerous Protestants.
D)never held control of the colony.

Question 12

To convince settlers to come to Maryland, Cecilius Calvert

A)promised noblemen large numbers of indentured servants.
B)allowed only Roman Catholics to live in the colony.
C)led a campaign of extermination against local Indians.
D)offered land to prospective immigrants.

Question 13

With the creation of the House of Burgesses in 1618, Virginia tobacco planters

A)had established the first democracy in the Americas.
B)effectively turned a business enterprise into a colonial society.
C)established a governing council for European-Indian relations.
D)created their own mechanism for customs enforcement.

Question 14

How did the Virginia Company encourage settlers to move to the colony?

A)It arranged marriages with local groups of Indians.
B)It promised settlers peaceful relations with neighboring Indians.
C)It guaranteed settlers access to the colony's newly discovered gold mines.
D)It granted fifty acres of land to anyone who brought in a new settler.

Question 15

Which of the following was not a feature the first settlers of Jamestown observed about the neighboring tribes?

A)their body and face paints
B)their relative nakedness
C)their religious ceremonies
D)their unrestrained aggression against the new arrivals.

Question 16

Many indentured servants in Virginia

A)became wealthy tobacco growers.
B)ran away and joined Indian tribes.
C)returned to England.
D)died before completing their terms of service.

Question 17

What prevented Sir Walter Raleigh from delivering badly needed supplies to his second colonial venture on the island of Roanoke?

A)A blockade by the Native tribe of the Croatan.
B)Political infighting at the court of Elizabeth I.
C)Naval warfare with the Spanish Armada.
D)English civil war.

Question 18

One feature of Massachusetts villages was the physical design to enable:

A)good relations with the Indians
B)close monitoring of citizen's behavior by others to regulate community standards
C)dispersing houses and farms at least one mile away from each other to ensure privacy
D)enforcement of standards for women after the Anne Hutchinson incident

Question 19

Who did the work on the tobacco plantations during the early years of Virginia and Maryland?

A)Small farmers who owned their own land
B)Indians captured in raids
C)English indentured servants
D)African slaves

Question 20

The Separatists from Scrooby Village differed from Puritans because they

A)did not wish to migrate to the New World.
B)refused to remain part of the Church of England.
C)were very wealthy.
D)had good relations with James I.

Question 21

Roger Williams, banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, founded

A)Connecticut.
B)Rhode Island.
C)New Jersey.
D)Pennsylvania.

Question 22

Anne Hutchinson

A)condemned Massachusetts authorities for their treatment of Indians.
B)was more of a political threat than a religious threat to the Puritan authorities.
C)founded the Connecticut Colony.
D)demanded the right to vote for all women.

Question 23

Which statement best describes an ideal of family life in colonial Massachusetts?

A)Nothing should prevent children's essential innocence from expressing itself.
B)Women are adornments to society with no practical use.
C)The family's resources should belong equally to the husband and wife.
D)Men, women, and children had a hierarcal, but dependent relationship with distinct roles and responsibilities.

Question 24

One of the contradictory elements of Puritan colonial settlement and society was the:

A)lack of tolerance for others who did not follow their religion
B)use of women in the church as leaders, but not in the home
C)whole-hearted support for other religions and beliefs
D)development of slavery as the main labor force for cash crops

Question 25

John Winthrop believed Massachusetts Bay society should be

A)based on clear class distinctions.
B)egalitarian.
C)tolerant of religious differences.
D)independent of England.

Question 26

Following the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary

A)announced they would not support colonial development in America.
B)turned all the American colonies over to their friends as rewards for their support during the revolution.
C)kept James II's policies toward New England intact.
D)made Massachusetts a royal colony.

Question 27

In 1664, when New Amsterdam's governor Peter Stuyvesant called on local residents to resist the four heavily armed ships of the Duke of York

A)the townspeople quickly formed militias in defense against the British assault.
B)residents fled in fear of the oppressive regime of the British.
C)they refused to fight, forcing the governor to surrender the colony.
D)it was the Mohawk allies who fought most valiantly.

Question 28

Both for Pilgrims and the neighboring Puritans, family was about

A)love.
B)good company.
C)political power.
D)social hierarchy.

Question 29

William Penn and his father had little in common except

A)their lust for power and riches.
B)their support for Oliver Cromwell's Puritan army.
C)their loyalty to the king.
D)unwillingness to finance the king's extravagant lifestyle.

Question 30

One of the changes occurring in Massachusetts between 1630 and 1690 was that

A)the conflict between civil law and biblical teachings increased as more newcomers arrived in the colony.
B)religious uniformity had replaced religious diversity.
C)trade and commerce had virtually disappeared due to the witchcraft scare.
D)the population was leaving cities and settling in small farming communities.

Question 31

The Trustees of Georgia forbid the colonists to govern themselves or have political power because they believed

A)they would attempt to overthrow the colony and attack the Spanish in Florida.
B)people should be free to govern themselves with a minimum of control by central authority.
C)poverty indicated a strong character and did not want to distract them from gaining wealth.
D)they had weak character or work ethic and thus could not be trusted to govern themselves.

Question 32

The Half-Way Covenant reflected

A)a decline in religious zeal and a way to keep political power in the hands of Puritans.
B)a balance in the Bay Colony's sex ratio where women outnumbered men by 3 to 1.
C)the growing political power of Puritan men who passed offices to their offspring.
D)economic decline in the Bay Colony due to Indian wars.

Question 33

William Penn's political structure

A)reflected religious orthodoxy.
B)granted all free males the right to vote.
C)restricted legislative powers.
D)heavily taxed enterprises.

Question 34

Married women in colonial Massachusetts

A)had to know a wide range of skilled crafts.
B)could vote, provided they possessed a certain amount of property.
C)were expected to share in the decision-making process with their husbands.
D)could sue employers for unpaid wages without their husbands' knowledge.

Question 35

Which statement summarizes the English crown's hope for Georgia?

A)Georgia would be a buffer state between South Carolina and Spanish Florida.
B)Georgia would attract religious dissidents from Massachusetts Bay.
C)Georgia would become a commercial success and a source of royal revenue.
D)Georgia would become a model for a democratic state.

Question 36

By the 1720s, South Carolina had developed an economy based on

A)tobacco.
B)cotton.
C)naval stores.
D)rice.

Question 37

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Nathaniel Bacon

Question 38

The Salem witch trials reflected

A)scientific study and evidence of possession by the victims.
B)a struggle between traditional Puritan beliefs and changing economic and demographic conditions.
C)a control for political patronage by the Dominion of New England.
D)problems with growing crime by teenage girls.

Question 39

In the end, James Oglethorpe's philanthropic effort to turn the colony of Georgia into a refuge for debtors

A)turned the colony into a poorhouse.
B)failed for a lack of "deserving poor" who could benefit from an opportunity in Georgia.
C)became a role model for the colonies of New Jersey and Delaware.
D)caused the ire of wealthy planters in South Carolina and Virginia.

Question 40

"Hiving off" referred to

A)Puritans leaving the church.
B)settlers creating new towns.
C)working in seaports rather than on farms.
D)the crown's practice of dividing colonies into smaller entities.

Question 41

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Puritans

Question 42

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Head right system

Question 43

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Roger Williams

Question 44

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Femme couverte

Question 45

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Glorious Revolution

Question 46

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
King Philip's War

Question 47

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Mayflower Compact

Question 48

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Oliver Cromwell

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Pequot Wars

Question 50

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Captain John Smith

Question 51

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Squanto

Question 52

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Roanoke

Question 53

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Jamestown

Question 54

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
John Winthrop

Question 55

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
William Bradford

Question 56

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Anne Hutchinson

Question 57

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Demographic disaster

Question 58

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
John Rolfe

Question 59

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
George Calvert

Question 60

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Quakers

Question 61

Compare the founding and development of society in Virginia and Massachusetts Bay.

Question 62

Compare the Carolinas and Georgia. How did each colony develop a unique culture?

Question 63

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Half-Way Covenant

Question 64

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
yeomen

Question 65

Compare the relations between the English and Indians in Virginia, Plymouth, Massachusetts Bay, and Pennsylvania.

Question 66

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
James Oglethorpe

Question 67

How did Massachusetts evolve, both socially and economically during the seventeenth century?

Question 68

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
pacifism

Question 69

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
William Penn

Question 70

Compare the development of Pennsylvania and New York with the New England colonies.

Question 71

Describe several significant economic, political, religious, and social similarities among the English North American colonies by 1700.