Deck 17: Life in the Gilded Age, 1865-1900

Question 1

The grandfather clause

A)allowed African Americans to vote if their grandfather had been free.
B)allowed otherwise ineligible voters to cast ballots if their grandfather had been eligible to vote.
C)allowed African Americans freed prior to the Civil War to use white accommodations in public.
D)restricted membership in black fraternal organizations to those whose grandfathers had been slaves.

Answer 1

allowed otherwise ineligible voters to cast ballots if their grandfather had been eligible to vote.

Question 2

Late nineteenth-century American cities differed from those in the early nineteenth century in that they

A)had mass transportation.
B)had rich and poor people living fairly close to one another.
C)were built primarily around commerce.
D)lacked separate residential, commercial, and manufacturing districts.

Answer 2

had mass transportation.

Question 3

In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court ruled that

A)black people have no rights which whites must respect.
B)private individuals may segregate because the Fourteenth Amendment only restricts what a state can do.
C)states may exclude blacks from certain facilities if there are equal ones available.
D)The Fourteenth Amendment was not designed to guarantee equal protection of the law.

Answer 3

states may exclude blacks from certain facilities if there are equal ones available.

Question 4

In 1883, the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment's "equal protection" clause

A)applied only to state governments.
B)required equal accommodations in segregated cities.
C)was invalid because states had been forced to ratify it before being readmitted to the Union.
D)could only be enforced by federal officials.

Question 5

Louis Sullivan's architectural style stood out because

A)he emphasized building as cheaply and efficiently as possible.
B)he designed buildings where form followed function.
C)he emphasized spacious, low-level structures rather than height.
D)he worked in exotic materials.

Question 6

Working class neighborhoods developed on the outskirts of cities because

A)restrictive covenants prevented immigrants from buying in established areas.
B)land was cheaper.
C)workers needed to live within walking distance of factories.
D)the atmosphere was healthier.

Question 7

Which term used by historians of immigration best describes the Tape Family's experience in America?

A)suburban-dwellers
B)rapid assimilators
C)mid-westerners
D)desirable immigrants

Question 8

Which of the following was a consequence of the rapid growth of American cities?

A)Many new areas had paved streets long before they had gas and electric lines.
B)Urban planners began to put parks in the city centers.
C)Most cities developed quasi-socialistic means of providing services like transportation.
D)Cities were forced to spend millions of dollars to provide drinking water.

Question 9

Which statement is most consistent with women's experiences in the late nineteenth century?

A)Women continued to occupy a separate sphere in life where they were separated from a cruel world that would undermine their femininity.
B)There were no colleges or universities open to women.
C)They were joining clubs that encouraged their participation in reform movements.
D)They had moved into the professions and constituted one-third of all doctors and one-fourth of all lawyers.

Question 10

During the early twentieth century, the most prominent black leader in the United States (at least among whites)was

A)Booker T. Washington.
B)Henry M. Turner.
C)William E. B. Du Bois.
D)Ida B. Wells.

Question 11

Proponents of the New South

A)called for strong segregation.
B)believed the region needed to diversify its economy.
C)believed that agricultural growth was the key to economic success.
D)were usually small farmers.

Question 12

Which statement best describes manufacturing in late nineteenth-century America?

A)Factories were generally long distances from where workers lived.
B)Industrial areas attracted shopping and commercial centers.
C)The nation had developed a regional manufacturing belt.
D)Workers in the suburbs typically rode commuter trains for several hours to get to work.

Question 13

Middle-class suburbs of the late nineteenth century were characterized by

A)urban sprawl.
B)high population densities.
C)their isolation from cities.
D)high property taxes.

Question 14

The so-called Second Mississippi Plan was an attempt to

A)cut the pay of sharecroppers.
B)force black people to migrate to the North.
C)eliminate African Americans from the voter rolls.
D)establish separate schools for black children.

Question 15

How did Booker T. Washington respond to the movement toward segregation and disfranchisement?

A)He claimed that it would be bad in the short run but good in the long run.
B)He denounced it as an affront to democratic ideals.
C)He urged black people to accept it temporarily and concentrate on economic improvement.
D)He publicly opposed it, but behind the scenes lent support to it.

Question 16

Upon arriving in America, most of the immigrants

A)joined Protestant churches.
B)changed their names and became as "Americanized" as possible.
C)moved into areas where people spoke their language.
D)turned around and went home.

Question 17

During the years from 1885 to 1900, a lynching took place nearly once every

A)six months.
B)two months.
C)week.
D)two days.

Question 18

Sexual relationships between homosexuals or lesbians in the late nineteenth century were

A)almost unknown.
B)a rural, rather than an urban, phenomenon.
C)generally considered "normal" by the prevailing medical opinion.
D)illegal, though fairly common in several places.

Question 19

Which statement best describes American education in the late nineteenth century?

A)The South led the way in establishing school attendance laws.
B)The typical high school graduate was female.
C)The number of people attending school steadily declined.
D)Colleges and high schools continued to teach the classical curriculum with heavy doses of Latin and Greek.

Question 20

Which political party in the South promoted the idea of the Lost Cause?

A)The Republican Party
B)The People's Party
C)The Democratic Party
D)The Greenback Party

Question 21

The American Federation of Labor

A)concentrated on concrete goals like raising wages and reducing hours of labor.
B)drew its support from unskilled workers.
C)attempted to build a political party exclusively for labor.
D)embraced socialism and other radical causes.

Question 22

After 1871, the United States stopped treating Indian tribes as sovereign dependent nations and started treating them as

A)savages.
B)wards of the federal government.
C)domestic enemies.
D)citizens.

Question 23

Which statement best describes white American attitudes toward Indians by the 1880s?

A)The only good Indian is a dead Indian.
B)The best thing we can do is to put them on reservations and leave them alone.
C)It is our duty to help Indians leave their inferior culture and become a part of white society.
D)Although Indian cultures are different from white cultures, they are not inferior and should be treated with respect.

Question 24

Californios lost influence in northern California earlier than in southern California because of

A)continued immigration from Mexico to southern California.
B)an inability to assimilate into American culture.
C)the gold rush.
D)specific laws protected Californios in southern California.

Question 25

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
The Tape Family

Question 26

Eugene V. Debs revolutionized labor organizing by

A)organizing all railroad workers into an industrial union.
B)combining his engineer's union with the AFL.
C)allowing only skilled workers to join the ARU.
D)using federal antitrust laws to break up the General Managers Association.

Question 27

Which statement best describes how immigrants responded to the pressure to become "Americanized"?

A)They continued to read foreign-language newspapers, but over the course of a lifetime adjusted to American customs.
B)They wanted as little change as possible and refused to make any adjustments to American life.
C)They were willing to learn English, but they did not want their children to learn it.
D)They quickly shed their immigrant past and blended neatly into mainstream American culture.

Question 28

Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in response to pressure from what group?

A)Railroad companies
B)Merchants
C)Miners
D)Labor unions

Question 29

Craft or trade unions enjoyed which important advantage in negotiations with management?

A)Their members were not easily replaced.
B)They had strong political connections.
C)They had specific legal protections.
D)They represented the majority of workers in most factories.

Question 30

In the case of Yick Wo v. Hopkins (1886), the Supreme Court declared that

A)the Chinese Exclusion Act was unconstitutional.
B)San Francisco could not use a licensing law to restrict Chinese laundry owners.
C)contract laborers had no right to form a labor union.
D)cities had the right to establish all-Chinese schools.

Question 31

The "new immigrants" who arrived in America after 1890 differed from the older immigrants in that they

A)were Protestant.
B)came from southern and eastern Europe.
C)were much more politically conservative.
D)settled primarily in rural areas.

Question 32

Children working at home, alongside their parents, engaged in

A)needlepoint.
B)growing food in gardens.
C)cigar making.
D)piecework.

Question 33

Which statement about Chinese immigrants is most accurate?

A)Far more Chinese women immigrated than men.
B)It was difficult to recruit them because China was in the midst of a great economic boom.
C)They formed self-contained homogenous communities in cities.
D)Because of their work ethic, they had little difficulty integrating into mainstream American society.

Question 34

Nativists

A)appreciated the efforts made by immigrants to assimilate into American society.
B)feared efforts by immigrants to hold onto their cultural traditions.
C)welcomed skilled immigrants but sought to keep unskilled workers from coming to America.
D)pushed for laws restricting the size of tenements.

Question 35

Rutherford B. Hayes saw that the best way to prevent conflicts such as the Great Railway Strike of 1877 from happening again was

A)to find solutions to the reasonable grievances of the workers.
B)stronger use of force.
C)passing tough new anti-union laws.
D)through legalizing collective bargaining for workers.

Question 36

Many Native Americans objected to the Dawes Severalty Act because

A)it required Indian children to attend white schools.
B)private land ownership conflicted with traditional Native American beliefs.
C)it did not provide enough money for the land being taken.
D)it did not grant citizenship to Indians.

Question 37

The most important goal of the National Labor Union (NLU)was

A)to establish the eight-hour day.
B)opening its ranks to small businesses.
C)organizing for a general strike.
D)to bring about socialism.

Question 38

The American Protective Association warned of the dangers of

A)Catholic immigrants.
B)the Republican Party.
C)cheaply made foreign goods.
D)unsafe workplaces.

Question 39

Which statement regarding Hispanos is most accurate?

A)They held significant political power in New Mexico.
B)They saw themselves as immigrants in a foreign country and tried to assimilate.
C)By and large, they were able to protect their property rights.
D)Their relative population began to decline in 1910.

Question 40

Lewis Henry Morgan believed that cultures

A)developed as part of an evolutionary process.
B)were only understandable in their own contexts.
C)were fixed entities.
D)had no significance to serious scholars.

Question 41

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Atlanta Compromise

Question 42

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Chinese Exclusion Act

Question 43

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Dawes Severalty Act

Question 44

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
chlorination

Question 45

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Plessy v. Ferguson

Question 46

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
tenements

Question 47

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Californios

Question 48

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
consumer culture

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Women's Christian Temperance Union

Question 50

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
"new immigrants"

Question 51

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
craft unions

Question 52

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Booker T. Washington

Question 53

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
American Protective Association

Question 54

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
walking cities

Question 55

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
assimilation

Question 56

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
infrastructure

Question 57

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
domesticity

Question 58

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
piecework

Question 59

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
suburbs

Question 60

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Civil Rights Cases

Question 61

Discuss the notion of the New South, and explain whether it ever came to fruition.

Question 62

What enabled the immigrants to survive in the unfamiliar American environment?

Question 63

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
National Labor Union

Question 64

In what ways did cities of the Gilded Age differ geographically from those of an earlier era? Why did these changes come about?

Question 65

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Knights of Labor

Question 66

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
industrial union

Question 67

What was Booker T. Washington's "Atlanta Compromise"? Was it a surrender or a tactical retreat?

Question 68

To what extent was the West a multicultural society?

Question 69

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Great Railway Strike of 1877

Question 70

Have students examine the philosophical differences between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor.

Question 71

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
American Federation of Labor

Question 72

How did women find a more public role during the Gilded Age?

Question 73

How did organized labor seek to improve conditions for workers in the 1890s, and how successful were these efforts?

Question 74

Identify and compare the characteristics of the "old immigrants" and "new immigrants."