Deck 23: Americaïs Rise to World Leadership, 1929-1945

Question 1

Herbert Hoover's approach to foreign policy in Latin America:

A)envisioned a return to dollar diplomacy.
B)offered free immigration in exchange for military alliances.
C)emphasized good relations and non-intervention.
D)sought to increase America's presence in the internal affairs of Latin American nations.

Answer 1

emphasized good relations and non-intervention.

Question 2

Japan decided to go to war with the United States because:

A)the Japanese wanted to invade Australia.
B)the United States refused to sell oil to Japan.
C)the Japanese believed the United States would never allow Japan to extend its control over the vital areas of Malaysia and the Dutch East Indies.
D)the United States declared its willingness to send troops to China.

Answer 2

the Japanese believed the United States would never allow Japan to extend its control over the vital areas of Malaysia and the Dutch East Indies.

Question 3

The German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact of 1939:

A)pledged the Soviet Union's support for German aggression against France.
B)stated that the two nations would not fight one other and divide Poland.
C)was a trick deployed by the USSR to save England from German aggression.
D)promised the USSR part of Czechoslovakia.

Answer 3

stated that the two nations would not fight one other and divide Poland.

Question 4

Senator Gerald P. Nye's congressional investigation explained American entry into World War I as the result of:

A)Communist influence.
B)German submarines.
C)war profiteers.
D)Wilson's naïve view of the world.

Question 5

On December 7, 1941, Japan attacked the American base at Pearl Harbor while:

A)it also struck at British and American positions throughout the Pacific.
B)German submarines pounded American ships.
C)America was declaring war on Germany.
D)American diplomats in Tokyo were negotiating a peace treaty.

Question 6

All of the following is true about the Atlantic Charter, EXCEPT:

A)It formulated a cooperative worldview that stood in contrast to the self-serving world of fascist expansion.
B)It advocated the establishment of a "permanent system of general security."
C)It committed Great Britain to secure free trade and the right to self determination for all people in the British Empire.
D)It stopped short of an American declaration of war, which Churchill had hoped for.

Question 7

When American oil interests protested the nationalization of foreign-owned oil properties in Mexico in 1938, Franklin D. Roosevelt

A)demanded their return, just as the American owners had requested.
B)seriously considered taking the same steps in the United States.
C)accepted the nationalization and only demanded fair compensation for the former owners.
D)had to threaten military intervention to get Mexico to reverse its policy.

Question 8

How did the United States react to Japan's seizure of Manchuria?

A)The United States sent military aid to Manchurian rebels.
B)The Hoover administration announced that the United States would not recognize the new government.
C)The Hoover administration negotiated a cease-fire.
D)The United States referred the matter to the League of Nations for action.

Question 9

The Neutrality Act of 1937:

A)imposed a "moral embargo" on all factions fighting in the Spanish Civil War.
B)embargoed Francisco Franco but sent arms to the Republicans in Spain.
C)required warring nations to pay cash for all "nonwar" goods and carry them on their own ships.
D)exempted Americans sailing on belligerent ships.

Question 10

Although every part of the nation benefited from defense-based prosperity, which sections registered the most remarkable gains?

A)The South and the West
B)The Midwest and the Northeast
C)The South and the Midwest
D)The Midwest and the East

Question 11

Why did the Neutrality Act of 1939 favor Britain and France?

A)Because it allowed the United States to trade with nations adhering to standards of democracy.
B)Because the act allowed bank loans to nations with preferred credit, which Roosevelt determined Germany did not have.
C)Because their merchant ships could reach the United States, but the Royal Navy would prevent German ships from trading with America.
D)Because America promised to defend the possessions of Britain and France in the Western Hemisphere.

Question 12

The Roosevelt administration realized that the only way to ensure sufficient wartime production was to:

A)nationalize all industries.
B)give the military the power to remove business leaders who were incompetent.
C)import workers from Latin America.
D)allow big business to profit from the war.

Question 13

What did Franklin Roosevelt do when a government in Cuba came to power that his envoy considered radical?

A)He sent marines into Havana and replaced it with a friendly government.
B)He refused to recognize the new government and encouraged a military coup.
C)He opened lines of dialogue with democratic elements in the country and worked to change the government through elections.
D)He took the position that it was none of the United States' business.

Question 14

The "Lend-Lease" Act

A)prohibited American banks from loaning money to countries at war.
B)forgave Britain and France their World War I debts.
C)authorized loaning war materials to any country vital to American security.
D)required that Germany pay its reparations before trading with the United States.

Question 15

After trailing Roosevelt early in polls, Republican Wendell Willkie began campaigning on the issue that:

A)America should remain isolationist.
B)Germany was not a threat to the United States.
C)Britain could not survive without American assistance.
D)Japan should be considered America's greatest threat.

Question 16

What was the reason for the internment of Japanese Americans?

A)Long-standing anti-Japanese sentiment along the West Coast.
B)Evidence that local Japanese Americans had known about the attack on Pearl Harbor.
C)Riots in Japanese American neighborhoods.
D)Evidence of Japanese American acts of terrorism and sabotage.

Question 17

The United States began drafting men into the military in:

A)September 1939.
B)October 1940.
C)December 1941.
D)the U.S. had no draft during World War II.

Question 18

In the Munich Agreement

A)Germany returned Austria to the status of independent nation.
B)Germany and the Soviet Union made a secret non-aggression pact.
C)Americans convinced leading German scientists to emigrate to the United States.
D)Britain and France accepted the German annexation of the Sudetenland, hoping it would secure "peace for our time."

Question 19

While the Nazis were persecuting Jews, the U.S. State Department:

A)admitted thousands of Jews as political refugees.
B)created Israel as a safe haven.
C)routinely rejected the immigration applications of Jews.
D)revoked the citizenship of several thousand Jewish immigrants.

Question 20

Franklin Roosevelt responded to Germany's increasing success at sinking ships bound for Britain by:

A)asking Congress to declare war.
B)extending the patrol zones of the U.S. Navy to where they overlapped German war zones.
C)calling up National Guard units.
D)putting British flags on American ships.

Question 21

Which of the following best describes the situation of the Allies in the European theater of war in the summer of 1942?

A)A successful landing in Normandy brought the end of the war in sight.
B)While Soviets were returning to civilian life, U.S. forces in the West were taking the brunt of German defenses.
C)With Africa and Italy reconquered, Hitler's Germany was close to toppling over.
D)The only safe opening of a second front against Germany was with an assault on North Africa.

Question 22

The idea of a "popular front" was:

A)American troops fighting under a non-American commander.
B)American high-level commanders working with European citizen soldiers.
C)used by the Soviet Union in forming governments in Eastern Europe.
D)used by Americans in forming governments in western North Africa.

Question 23

Which statement best describes the experiences of African American soldiers during World War II?

A)They could serve as enlisted men but could not be commissioned as officers.
B)They served in separate all-black units.
C)A program for training black pilots failed due to a lack of qualified applicants.
D)The navy would not accept African American enlistees.

Question 24

Women in the industrial workforce during World War II were:

A)generally rare.
B)welcomed by their male counterparts.
C)given contracts that allowed them to remain on the job after the war.
D)among the first to be dismissed at the end of the war.

Question 25

The U.S. Navy destroyed the air superiority of the Japanese fleet at:

A)Guadalcanal Island.
B)the Battle of the Coral Sea.
C)Midway Island.
D)the Battle of Leyte Gulf.

Question 26

Which statement describes the military experience of homosexuals and lesbians during World War II?

A)The army implemented a careful screening program that kept all but a tiny handful out of the service.
B)Even the slightest indication of "deviant" behavior was sufficient grounds for immediate court martial and discharge.
C)They were generally tolerated, provided they were not caught in a sexual act.
D)The army implemented a "don't ask, don't tell" policy that forbade officers from inquiring into the off-duty behavior of enlisted personnel.

Question 27

Which of the following was NOT a World War II government agency assigned with organizing wartime production?

A)Office of War Mobilization
B)Office of Price Administration
C)War Production Board
D)Creel Committee

Question 28

The GI Bill:

A)allowed Hollywood to make training films for the armed forces.
B)generated jobs for returning soldiers.
C)supported returning war veterans in their planting of victory gardens.
D)provided financial and educational benefits for veterans after World War II.

Question 29

The Zoot Suit Riots of 1943 revealed tensions between whites and:

A)Indians.
B)Mexican Americans.
C)blacks.
D)Asians.

Question 30

The Smith-Connally War Labor Disputes Act:

A)obligated workers in defense-related industries to buy war bonds.
B)subjected all labor disputes to binding arbitration.
C)authorized the government to seize plants where labor disputes threatened war production.
D)outlawed Communist Party members from joining labor unions.

Question 31

The D-Day invasion was codenamed:

A)Operation Husky.
B)Operation Overlord.
C)Operation Torch.
D)Operation Olympic.

Question 32

The United States and Britain refused to accept the Lublin government in Poland because:

A)it collaborated with the Nazis.
B)it refused to allow American and British planes to land on its territory.
C)they believed it was too weak to survive.
D)they considered it a puppet of the Soviet Union.

Question 33

In the presidential election of 1944:

A)the Republicans did not run a candidate out of fear of appearing unpatriotic.
B)voters refused to give Franklin Roosevelt a fourth term in office.
C)the Democrats changed vice presidents.
D)the Republicans called for severing ties with the Soviet Union.

Question 34

The Potsdam Declaration:

A)canceled all American air raids against Japan for six months.
B)revealed that Japan was working on nuclear weapons itself.
C)demanded Japan's unconditional surrender.
D)urged America to save lives by using nuclear weapons against Japan.

Question 35

Who threatened to lead a march on Washington to protest discrimination in hiring and the armed forces against African Americans?

A)W.E.B. DuBois
B)Mary MacLeod Bethune
C)A. Philip Randolph
D)James F. Byrnes

Question 36

The Double V campaign sought the defeat of:

A)Italy and Germany.
B)Germany and Japan.
C)fascism and communism.
D)racist Germany and racism at home.

Question 37

The Battle of the Bulge:

A)hastened the end of the war.
B)was a disaster for Dwight Eisenhower's prestige as a military commander.
C)demonstrated British reluctance to demand Germany's unconditional surrender.
D)was revenge for Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor.

Question 38

At Yalta, the Soviets agreed to:

A)dismember Germany.
B)fight Japan after Germany was defeated.
C)recognize the London-based Polish government-in-exile.
D)stay out of the United Nations for five years.

Question 39

The early engagements between Japan and the United States were:

A)naval battles.
B)battles between guerrilla armies in jungles.
C)bombing raids on each other's territory.
D)fought in China.

Question 40

The federal government created the bracero program to recruit Mexican workers for agricultural jobs because:

A)Most Mexican Americans who had worked on farms took better jobs in cities.
B)Many Mexican workers went back to Mexico to avoid the draft.
C)Mexican workers refused to come to America without guarantees of labor conditions.
D)Farmers refused to hire American workers.

Question 41

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Neutrality Act of 1935

Question 42

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Executive Order #9066

Question 43

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Rosie the Riveter

Question 44

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Minoru Kiyota

Question 45

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

Question 46

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Cordell Hull

Question 47

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Good Neighbor Policy

Question 48

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Midway Island

Question 49

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Lend-Lease

Question 50

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Greater East-Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere

Question 51

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Fair Employment Practices Commission

Question 52

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Battle of Stalingrad

Question 53

How many people were eventually killed at Hiroshima as a result of the atomic bomb blast?

A)60,000
B)90,000
C)200,000
D)100,000

Question 54

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Pearl Harbor

Question 55

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Office of War Mobilization

Question 56

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Yalta Conference

Question 57

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Atlantic Charter

Question 58

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Rhineland

Question 59

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Braceros

Question 60

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Appeasement

Question 61

Evaluate the following statement: Many Americans believe that the United States defeated the Nazis. In fact, the Soviet Union defeated the Nazis with some American help.

Question 62

What divisions complicated relations among the Allies?

Question 63

Evaluate the following statement: Although the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is usually cited as the beginning of World War II, America was already at war at the time.

Question 64

Ask students to consider whether or not it was unpatriotic for workers, especially the United Mine Workers, to go on strike during the war.

Question 65

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Potsdam Declaration

Question 66

In what ways did World War II have an impact on American women?

Question 67

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Final Solution

Question 68

Instructions: Identify the following terms:
Manhattan Project