Deck 5: Social Interaction and Social Structure

Question 1

For feminists, the most significant characteristic of all human communication is that people take each other and the context into account.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Status sets include both ascribed and achieved statuses.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The higher the socioeconomic status, the greater the consumption of space.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Cyberstalking is more common among adolescents than adults.

Question 5

People are always aware of the impact of social structure before they violate cultural rules.

Question 6

In the context of the consistent research findings across cultures, it is evident that men smile more than women.

Question 7

A greater percentage of males than females report being cyberbullied during the school year.

Question 8

Emails, text messages, and Snapchat photos do not disappear after being deleted but may last indefinitely in cyberspace.

Question 9

Women are socialized to be more comfortable talking about their feelings, whereas men are socialized to be dominant and take charge, especially in the workplace.

Question 10

People play a status but occupy a role.

Question 11

In the workplace, women and men who occupy high-level decision-making positions have similar interaction styles with superiors and subordinates.

Question 12

Roles are always flexible.

Question 13

According to the social exchange theory, any of a person's resources can be traded for more, better, or different resources that another person possesses.

Question 14

Which of the following a key characteristic of social interaction?

A) Social interaction is peripheral to human social activity.
B) People respond to a situation in a similar manner during social interaction.
C) Social interaction is similar across time and place.
D) People influence each other's behavior through social interaction.
E) Social interaction is effective only to verbal behavior.

Question 15

Status sets stay the same throughout the life course.

Question 16

A master status is usually not immediately apparent and makes no impression on a person's entire life.

Question 17

Statuses are considered relational because they are connected to other statuses.

Question 18

Cell phones have decreased the frequency of interaction between parents, especially if both are employed.

Question 19

According to the social exchange theory, relationships involve trading a variety of resources, such as money, youth, and good looks.

Question 20

Social interaction can be defined as the process by which:

A) a person gains knowledge about a particular topic.
B) a person investigates a phenomenon in a systematic manner.
C) a person acts toward and reacts to people around him or her.
D) an unorganized pattern of behavior governs people's relationships.
E) an organized pattern of behavior governs people's relationships.

Question 21

Which of the following statements is true about a master status?

A) It is usually not apparent.
B) It usually makes the biggest impression.
C) It usually does not affect others' perceptions.
D) It is always achieved.
E) It is always ascribed.

Question 22

A(n) _____ overrides other statuses and forms an important part of a person's social identity.

A) master status
B) minor status
C) auxiliary status
D) role set
E) status set

Question 23

A(n) _____ is a social position that a person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily.

A) achieved status
B) assigned status
C) ascribed status
D) attributed status
E) designated status

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of an achieved status?

A) Mother
B) Brother
C) Latino
D) Teenager
E) Woman

Question 25

Which of the following is true of a status set?

A) It changes only with significant effort.
B) It changes only during childhood.
C) It is achieved during adulthood.
D) It changes throughout a person's life course.
E) It is set at birth and cannot be changed.

Question 26

Status inconsistency is _____.

A) a social position that a person attains through personal effort
B) the actual behavior of a person who occupies a status
C) the behavior expected of a person who has a particular status
D) a shifting communication pattern that governs people's interpersonal relationships
E) the conflict that arises from occupying social positions that are ranked differently

Question 27

Doctor, teacher, and brother are examples of _____.  

A) institutions
B) sects
C) statuses
D) groups
E) organizations

Question 28

Carol, an American of Japanese descent, is a 33-year-old female and the mother of two young children. She is the daughter of a renowned boxer, James, who has participated in several national championships. Which of the following statements depicts Carol's achieved status?

A) She is an American of Japanese descent.
B) She is 33 years old.
C) She is the mother of two children.
D) She is the daughter of a national champion.
E) She is a woman.

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of a status that is relational or complementary?

A) A Latino having a male friend
B) An employee having a brother
C) A lawyer having a sister
D) A doctor having a patient
E) A child having a pet

Question 30

The term _____ can be defined as an organized pattern of behavior that governs people's relationships.

A) social interaction
B) social structure
C) status set
D) social status
E) role set

Question 31

Statuses, roles, groups, and institutions make up _____.

A) social organizations
B) social sets
C) social interactions
D) social structures
E) social norms

Question 32

The behavior expected of a person who has a particular status is called a(n) _____.

A) role
B) theory
C) activity
D) qualification
E) ethnicity

Question 33

Each status is associated with one or more _____.

A) facial expressions
B) body languages
C) logics
D) theories
E) roles

Question 34

Marlin is a 33-year-old male and the father of two children. Marlin's gender is an example of a(n) _____.

A) achieved status
B) earned status
C) ascribed status
D) attained status
E) acquired status

Question 35

Brendon is a pastor at the local church. To earn extra money, he transports vegetables to a retail market during weekends. This is an example of _____.

A) a master status
B) status inconsistency
C) an ascribed status
D) role performance
E) role strain

Question 36

Social structure:

A) affects the life of people minimally.
B) makes people feel that life is haphazard.
C) influences people to violate cultural rules.
D) guides the actions of people.
E) allows people to act randomly.

Question 37

Which of the following is a difference between ascribed and achieved statuses?

A) Ascribed statuses cannot be noticed physically, whereas achieved statuses are physically notable.
B) Unlike ascribed statuses, achieved statuses dictate social standing.
C) Unlike ascribed statuses, achieved statuses remain the same from the time of birth.
D) Ascribed statuses cannot be controlled, whereas achieved statuses can be controlled and changed.
E) Ascribed statuses are variable, whereas achieved statuses are invariable.

Question 38

Who among the following has an ascribed status?

A) A college graduate
B) A student
C) A customer
D) An athlete
E) An African American

Question 39

A(n) _____ is a social position that a person is born into.

A) status set
B) role set
C) achieved status
D) role institution
E) ascribed status

Question 40

Keri is a daughter, a parole officer, and a softball player. These positions make up Keri's _____.

A) role set
B) status set
C) master status
D) achieved status
E) ascribed status

Question 41

Timothy and Kiley were asked to violate a norm by their sociology professor. They chose to go to the mall and use the up escalator to go down and the down escalator to go up. They watched the reactions of others and wrote a paper describing the experience. Which of the following methodological tools were Timothy and Kiley using?

A) Dramaturgical analysis
B) Participant observation
C) Frame analysis
D) Autoethnography
E) Ethnomethodology

Question 42

Carter is a full-time college student and works at a factory for 30 hours each week. He feels exhausted and is having a hard time dealing with the demands of his roles at college and the factory he works in. Carter is experiencing _____.

A) role rage
B) role conflict
C) role strain
D) role discrepancy
E) role inconsistency

Question 43

Which of the following is an effective way of minimizing role conflict and role strain?

A) Tackling everything at once
B) Desegregating roles
C) Taking on more roles at a time
D) Setting priorities
E) Acquiring more statuses

Question 44

Which of the following statements is true about roles?

A) They are always rigid.
B) They are always flexible.
C) They are always unique.
D) They are based on choices.
E) They are based on mutual obligations.

Question 45

_____ refers to the difficulties due to conflicting demands within the same role.

A) Role rage
B) Role strain
C) Role conflict
D) Role discrepancy
E) Role inconsistency

Question 46

Mackenzie is a congresswoman. She is responsible for proposing legislation, meeting with constituents, and implementing policies. These responsibilities make up Mackenzie's _____.

A) role set
B) role strain
C) role conflict
D) status quo
E) status consistency

Question 47

A _____ is the array of roles attached to a particular status.

A) role strain
B) role set
C) role conflict
D) role dimension
E) role stereotype

Question 48

_____ is the study of how people construct and learn to share definitions of reality that make everyday interactions possible.

A) Dramaturgical analysis
B) Ethnomethodology
C) Ethnography
D) Frame analysis
E) Autoethnography

Question 49

Miller, a doctor, performs normal checkups, treats common illnesses, and advises patients along with many other activities that are related to his profession. These activities reflect Dr. Miller's _____.

A) statuses
B) roles
C) status set
D) personality
E) social identity

Question 50

In the context of symbolic interaction, _____ refers to a type of doublespeak that uses words or phrases that avoid a harsh, unpleasant, or distasteful reality.

A) bureaucratese
B) amphigory
C) gobbledygook
D) euphemism
E) gibberish

Question 51

_____ refers to the difficulties in playing two or more contradictory roles.

A) Role rage
B) Role strain
C) Role conflict
D) Role inconsistency
E) Role discrepancy

Question 52

_____ is the actual behavior of a person who occupies a status.

A) Role presentation
B) Role position
C) Role strain
D) Role performance
E) Role set

Question 53

Which of the following is considered the dynamic aspect of a status?

A) A society
B) An occupation
C) An economy
D) A position
E) A role

Question 54

The _____ argues that people create and define their reality through social exchanges.

A) functionalist theory
B) feminist theory
C) psychosocial theory
D) symbolic interaction theory
E) social learning theory

Question 55

Cameron was scheduled to present his history paper on Thursday between 1:00 pm and 3:00 pm. His anthropology final was scheduled for 3:00 pm on the same day. He was stressed because of the different activities he had to perform as a student majoring in Humanities. Cameron is experiencing _____.

A) role rage
B) role discrepancy
C) role conflict
D) role inconsistency
E) role strain

Question 56

Which of the following is a similarity between statuses and roles?

A) Like statuses, roles are relational.
B) Like statuses, roles are static.
C) Like all statuses, roles are ascribed.
D) Like all statuses, roles are achieved.
E) Like all statuses, roles are independent.

Question 57

Mary is a working woman. To make sure that her children arrive at school on time, Mary shifts her office timing so that she can work from 9:00 am to 2:00 pm on weekdays and also on Saturdays. Which coping strategy is Mary using to deal with the role conflict that she faces?

A) Denying that there is a problem
B) Compromising any one role
C) Exiting both the roles
D) Compartmentalizing roles
E) Setting priorities

Question 58

Which of the following statements is common to all micro-level perspectives about social interaction?

A) The perspectives explain who says what and when.
B) The perspectives explain who teaches communication.
C) The perspectives explain why people say what they say.
D) The perspectives explain how people learn social interaction.
E) The perspectives explain how people interact in their daily lives.

Question 59

Jane, a wife, a mother of two children, and a national-level athlete, works as a kindergarten teacher. She faces difficulties at home because of the challenges she faces in playing these contradictory roles and decides to get a divorce from her husband. Which of the following coping strategies does Jane use to deal with the role conflict she faced?

A) Denying that there is a problem
B) Compromising
C) Exiting roles
D) Compartmentalizing roles
E) Setting priorities

Question 60

_____ is a research approach that examines social interaction as if occurring on a stage where people play different roles and act out scenes for the audiences with whom they interact.

A) Frame analysis
B) Autoethnography
C) Ethnography
D) Dramaturgical analysis
E) Ethnomethodology

Question 61

Which of the following statements is true about gendered touching?

A) Men are more likely than women to initiate hugs.
B) Men are more likely than women to use touching to express support.
C) Women are more likely than men to initiate touches that assert power.
D) Men are more likely than women to use touching to express comfort.
E) Men are more likely than women to use touching to show sexual interest.

Question 62

Discuss social interaction and its critical components.

Question 63

Identify the three micro-level perspectives that explain social interaction. What is the common characteristic among them?

Question 64

Which of the following statements is true about the demographic variations among Internet users?

A) The number of women using the Internet is higher than men.
B) Asian Americans are the most connected group in the United States.
C) The higher the family income the lesser the likelihood of Internet users in the family.
D) Students in college are less likely to be Internet users than students in high schools.
E) Americans aged 65 and older do not use the Internet at all.

Question 65

Discuss social structure and its implications.

Question 66

What is role performance? Discuss with an example.

Question 67

Amanda is a relationship therapist and usually indulges in gossip with her secretary after lunch. After meeting with her new clients, Amanda calls her secretary into her personal cabin to have an informal chat. She tells her secretary that her new clients are the most ignorant people she has ever met. According to sociologist Erving Goffman, Amanda is in the _____.

A) black box
B) back stage
C) front zone
D) red zone
E) staging area

Question 68

Discuss ethnomethodology.

Question 69

Differentiate between ascribed status and achieved status.

Question 70

What is status? Illustrate with examples.

Question 71

Discuss the social purposes of eye contact.

Question 72

Identify a statement that is true about verbal interactions according to feminist theories.

A) Generally, men are socialized to be more comfortable talking about their feelings.
B) Women are more likely than men to do conversational maintenance work.
C) Women show conversational dominance by reinterpreting the speaker's meaning.
D) Interaction differences are innate in people because of one's sex.
E) Fathers who do much of the parenting have communication styles that are opposite to those of mothers.

Question 73

Which of the following statements is true about facial expressions?

A) Facial expressions don't always show true emotions.
B) Facial expressions cannot lie about feelings.
C) Facial expressions mean the same things across cultures.
D) Facial expressions always give away a person who is lying.
E) Facial expressions are never deceptive.

Question 74

The _____ proposes that individuals seek through their communication to maximize their rewards and minimize their costs.

A) functionalist theory
B) feminist theory
C) social exchange theory
D) symbolic interaction theory
E) social learning theory

Question 75

Discuss social media and its components.

Question 76

Which of the following statements is true about the effect of online interaction on families?

A) Social media has a more negative impact on committed relationships.
B) Social media has no effect on family ties.
C) Social media has more positive effects on families.
D) Social media has a more negative effect on ties between parents and children.
E) Social media has had a mixed effect on family ties.

Question 77

According to feminist theories, which of the following statements is true about verbal interactions?

A) During decision-making tasks, women are more talkative than men are.
B) Men are more talkative than women are when talking about themselves.
C) Men show conversational dominance by speaking more frequently and for longer periods.
D) Women show conversational dominance by interrupting others while talking.
E) Women show conversational dominance by giving unsolicited and unwanted advice.

Question 78

Discuss some benefits and drawbacks of online interaction.

Question 79

In an interview for a job, Karen displays herself as being smart and funny and hides her rude and self-centered temperament. Karen is using _____.

A) autoethnography
B) social construction of reality
C) dramaturgical analysis
D) impression management
E) ethnomethodology

Question 80

Discuss the strategies for coping with role conflict and role strain with examples.