Deck 12: The Utilitarian: John Stuart Mill

Question 1

Two competing impulses struggle to control the direction of any society.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Malthus argued that food production increased arithmetically.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Bentham believed that the interest of the community could not be addressed without attending to the interest of the individual.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Kant was a utilitarian.

Question 5

Ethical hedonism is the same as psychological hedonism.

Question 6

Malthus believed that unchecked population growth increased arithmetically.

Question 7

Bentham was a deontologist.

Question 8

Bentham held that all government is itself evil.

Question 9

Jeremy Bentham was French.

Question 10

Malthus was enthusiastic about the success of possible social reforms.

Question 11

Bentham ordered that his body be cremated.

Question 12

Malthus believed that epidemics were natural cures for population growth.

Question 13

Bentham argued that "each counts as one and none more."

Question 14

Kant would have agreed with Bentham's approach.

Question 15

John Stuart_____'s last name was "Mills."

Question 16

Mill was a utilitarian.

Question 17

Bentham thought that legislators should consider the greatest happiness of the greatest number.

Question 18

The principle of utility is sometimes referred to as the pleasure principle.

Question 19

If "mankind minus one were of one opinion," Mill held it would be legitimate to silence the lone dissenter.

Question 20

In Britain the Industrial Revolution started around 1680.

Question 21

Who accepted Descartes's views on animals?

A) Singer
B) Rawls
C) Malebranche
D) Bentham

Question 22

Bentham wanted to take advantage of people's self-interest.

Question 23

The Enlightenment was the Age of Reform.

Question 24

Who wrote Treatise on Man ?

A) Mill
B) Bentham
C) Malebranche
D) Descartes

Question 25

Bentham was a laissez-faire reformer.

Question 26

Bentham saw himself as a great legislator.

Question 27

Bentham recognized that ethics was not a science, and could never be one.

Question 28

John Stuart Mill's education robbed him of

A) any ability to be emotional
B) his childhood
C) nothing
D) the ability to empathize

Question 29

The term "utility" has only one clear meaning.

Question 30

What did Bentham think counted, morally?

A) Suffering
B) Dignity
C) Intention
D) Love

Question 31

What was moral dignity a function of, for Kant?

A) Suffering
B) Virtue
C) The soul
D) Rationality

Question 32

Malebranche believed that dogs were just machines.

Question 33

Bentham coined the term "utiles. "

Question 34

Bentham endorsed Kant's conception of the good will.

Question 35

Bentham wrote of "hedons."

Question 36

At what age did Mill learn Greek?

A) 3
B) 5
C) 7
D) 9

Question 37

John Stuart Mill held that his education was one of

A) love
B) fear
C) desire
D) submission

Question 38

What did Mill defend?

A) Deontology
B) Individual liberty
C) Unrestricted government
D) Catholic theology

Question 39

James Mill, John Stuart Mill's father, believed that at birth

A) all minds are the same
B) all minds are different
C) some people are doomed to be irrational
D) males are mentally different from females

Question 40

Bentham's philosophy was at base

A) selfless
B) egoistic
C) deontological
D) subjective

Question 41

Mill was married to

A) Harriet Taylor
B) Harriet Ulizio
C) Elizabeth Taylor
D) Elizabeth Smart

Question 42

In what way is utilitarianism a response to the social conditions of the nineteenth century? Do you believe that it is still relevant today? Explain your answer.

Question 43

Do you believe that pleasure is the ground of morality? Why or why not?

Question 44

Altruism is opposed to

A) egoism
B) utilitarianism
C) deontology
D) theism

Question 45

Who said that the self-centered passions had little variety?

A) Mill
B) Rawls
C) Russell
D) Bentham

Question 46

Who wrote that it would be sad for a ghost to be without a body?

A) Mill
B) Bentham
C) Lao-tzu
D) Yutang

Question 47

What notion did Mill introduce into utilitarianism?

A) Utility
B) Hedons
C) Quality
D) Intensity

Question 48

Who wrote of the tyranny of the majority?

A) de Tocqueville
B) Yutang
C) Rawls
D) Lao-tze

Question 49

What is Bentham's view of pleasure? What is Mill's? What are the problems associated with each?

Question 50

How many functions did education have, for Mill?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 51

What was the crucial difference between two pleasures, for Bentham?

A) Duration
B) Intensity
C) Rationality
D) Morality

Question 52

Mill began to pay the high price of his education when he was

A) 12
B) 26
C) 16
D) 20

Question 53

What, for Mill, was the principle cause of an inability to be happy for extended periods of time?

A) Socialism
B) Lack of mental stimulation
C) Selfishness
D) Lack of mental cultivation

Question 54

Who wrote Utilitarianism ?

A) Mill
B) Kant
C) Bentham
D) Moore

Question 55

Who said that it was better to be a human dissatisfied than a pig satisfied?

A) Kant
B) Rawls
C) Mill
D) Yutang

Question 56

Outline the forms of utilitarianism developed by both Bentham and Mill. What are the principle differences between them? Which do you believe is the most defensible, and why?

Question 57

How is Bentham's view of morality different from that of Kant? Which is the more realistic? Does this also mean that it is the most correct? Explain your answer, taking care to define how you understand the term "realistic. "

Question 58

Which ancient school would Mill have most identified with?

A) Lyceum
B) Academy
C) Garden
D) Grove

Question 59

"Altruism" is from the Latin word for

A) self
B) love
C) other
D) wrong

Question 60

Who referred to a "moral thermometer"?

A) Kant
B) Mill
C) Taylor
D) Bentham

Question 61

What is altruism? Should we try to encourage it? If so, why? If not, why not?

Question 62

What is ethical egoism? What is psychological egoism? What is the relationship (if any) between them?

Question 63

What are the similarities and differences between the utilitarian focus on happiness and Aristotle's focus on eudaimonia ?