Deck 2: The Pre-Socratic: Sophos

Question 1

​Socrates was a sophos.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

​Plato records that Thales fell into a well.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

​The first philosophers used reason and observation.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

​Thales was the pupil of Anaximander.

Question 5

​Thales held that fire was the underlying substance of the universe.

Question 6

​The first philosophers were concerned about the nature of nature.

Question 7

​The sophos asked questions other people thought had been answered.

Question 8

​According to Anacharsis, in Greece wise men speak and fools decide.

Question 9

​A philosopher is a person in love with wisdom.

Question 10

​The term "sophos" is from the Greek word for "wise."

Question 11

​Socrates was the first Western philosopher.

Question 12

​Socrates said that wisdom was a human state.

Question 13

​Heraclitus wrote that understanding is distinct from other knowledge.

Question 14

​Monism is the view that everything consists of one substance.

Question 15

​Aesara of Lucania overlooked the importance of emotions.

Question 16

​Anaxagoras held that all things which have life were ruled by mind.

Question 17

​Diotima was Socrates' wife.

Question 18

​The principle of sufficient reason is associated with Leibniz.

Question 19

​ Pierre Hadot is a Greek philosopher.

Question 20

​Heraclitus held that nature loves to hide.

Question 21

​Heraclitus was a social critic.

Question 22

​The belief that there are many substances is

A) ​pluralism
B) ​monism
C) ​dichotomization
D) ​plenum

Question 23

​Anaximander held that the earth was originally

A) ​fluid
B) ​fire
C) ​dust
D) ​sky

Question 24

​The Greek word for "ordered whole" was "ontic."

Question 25

​According to Pythagoras, religion was nonsense.

Question 26

​What meaning is not associated with the term "logos"?

A) ​speech
B) ​reason
C) ​discourse
D) ​universe

Question 27

​Anaximenes held that qualitative differences cannot produce quantitative changes.

Question 28

​Pythagoras wrote extensively.

Question 29

​Ontology is the study of

A) ​becoming
B) ​being
C) change
D) ​strife

Question 30

​Parmenides associated not-being with

A) ​truth
B) ​illusion
C) ​wisdom
D) deceit

Question 31

​Who held that change in the form of motion was impossible?

A) ​Heraclitus
B) ​Plato
C) ​Zeno
D) ​Zenaphon

Question 32

​Thales introduced the notion of yin and yang.

Question 33

​Pneuma is fire.

Question 34

​Anaximenes held that the universal element is

A) ​water
B) ​fire
C) ​dust
D) ​air

Question 35

​Logos can be seen as the Western expression of

A) ​yin
B) ​yang
C) ​dharma
D) ​tao

Question 36

​What did Heraclitus think was unchanging?

A) ​fire
B) ​order
C) ​change
D) ​goodness

Question 37

​Plato frequently ascribes ideas to Pythagoras.

Question 38

​The Cynics hated Heraclitus.

Question 39

​How many fragments of Anaximander's work survive?

A) ​1
B) ​3
C) ​5
D) ​7

Question 40

​The Stoics hated Heraclitus.

Question 41

​Why did Anaxagoras believe that "in everything there is a portion of everything"? How is this view related to atomism? Do you agree with it?

Question 42

​What did Democritus think was present in the universe?

A) ​intentional order
B) ​purpose
C) ​design
D) ​predictability

Question 43

​Who was not an atomist?

A) ​Lucretius
B) ​Epicurus
C) ​Democritus
D) ​Thales

Question 44

​What is the relationship between between Parmenides' view of change and that of Zeno? Do you agree with Parmenides' view of change, or not? Explain your reasoning.

Question 45

​What did Pythagoreans think was the first principle of all things?

A) ​Reason
B) ​Number
C) ​Fire
D) ​Strife

Question 46

​What is Democritus's term for "no-thing"?

A) ​void
B) ​nous
C) ​apeiron
D) ​atomos

Question 47

​The Greek word atomos means

A) ​divided
B) ​indivisible
C) ​small
D) ​fire

Question 48

​How does Heraclitus' account of change differ from ours?

Question 49

​What are the two basic notions for Empedocles?

A) ​Fire and water
B) ​Fire and strife
C) ​Strike and love
D) ​Love and water

Question 50

​Where was Thales from?

A) ​Corinth
B) ​Athens
C) ​Stagira
D) ​Miletus

Question 51

​Where was Heraclitus born?

A) ​Corinth
B) ​Athens
C) ​Lydia
D) ​Ephesus

Question 52

​Who used fire imagery to solve the problem of the one and the many?

A) ​Thales
B) ​Heraclitus
C) ​Zeno
D) ​Anaximander

Question 53

​What is the problem of the "one and the many"? Which do you believe is the best ancient approach to this problem, and why?

Question 54

​Who held that he had been a dumb sea fish?

A) ​Empedocles
B) ​Anaximander
C) ​Socrates
D) ​Epicurus

Question 55

​How many wisdoms were there, according to Heraclitus?

A) ​1
B) ​2
C) ​3
D) ​4

Question 56

​According to Empedocles, how many basis components does reality consist of?

A) ​2
B) ​4
C) ​6
D) ​8

Question 57

​Nous is the Greek word for

A) ​mind
B) ​spirit
C) ​love
D) ​rope

Question 58

​Why did Zeno believe that the idea of motion was absurd? Do you agree with him, or not? Why do you believe as you do?

Question 59

​Who held that reality was completely full?

A) ​Plato
B) ​Parmenides
C) ​Empedocles
D) ​Anaximander

Question 60

​Who said you cannot step twice into the same river?

A) ​Thales
B) ​Parmenides
C) ​Heraclitus
D) ​Anaximander

Question 61

​What is the difference between cosmology and ontology? How are these two fields related?

Question 62

​What is atomism? Do you agree with this view, or not? Explain your reasoning.

Question 63

​Is philosophy good for anything? If so, what? If not, why not?