Deck 6: The Naturalist: Aristotle

Question 1

Aristotle was known as the Philosopher.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Like Socrates, Aristotle was tried for failing to respect the gods of the state.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Aristotle took over Plato's school when he died.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Aristotle founded the Academy.

Question 5

Aristotle is called "the father of science."

Question 6

For Aristotle, the Forms make a substance what it is.

Question 7

For Aristotle, form makes a substance what it is.

Question 8

Aristotle accepted Platonic dualism.

Question 9

Aristotle rejected naturalistic metaphysics.

Question 10

Aristotle studied at Plato's school The Garden..

Question 11

Aristotle believed that the universe has been planned by something apart from it.

Question 12

Aristotle tended to teach aristocratic children.

Question 13

Aristotle cultivated a lisp.

Question 14

Aristotle was born in Stagira.

Question 15

Aristotle posited a hierarchy of forms.

Question 16

Naturalism denies the existence of a distinct supernatural order of reality.

Question 17

Aristotle held that there were at least two worlds.

Question 18

Aristotle based his philosophical views on pure ideas.

Question 19

Aristotle held that form did not exist independently of the natural order.

Question 20

Aristotle was the tutor of Alexander the Great.

Question 21

From whom was the view that no man can be happy until he is dead derived?

A) Cicero
B) Plato
C) Solon
D) Alexander

Question 22

The purpose of a thing's existence is its telos .

Question 23

Entelechy is

A) the view that things just happen
B) the view that God is the cause of all things
C) the view that things do not just happen
D) the view that there is more than one world

Question 24

The Greek word for cause is "aitia."

Question 25

The material cause is the first of Aristotle's set of causes.

Question 26

In Greek, virtue is

A) telos
B) daimon
C) arete
D) psyche

Question 27

Aristotle believed that he could explain how things changed.

Question 28

Another term for Final Cause is "end."

Question 29

What term do we get from the Greek word for "soul"?

A) Philosophy
B) Chemistry
C) Psychology
D) Humanism

Question 30

For classical Greeks, happiness was understood in terms of

A) function
B) pleasure
C) utiles
D) qualities

Question 31

Aristotle has a horizontal account of causation.

Question 32

A thing's triggering cause is its Efficient Cause.

Question 33

How many causes did Aristotle posit?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 34

For Aristotle, happiness contains an element of

A) risk
B) luck
C) illness
D) devotion

Question 35

Who, for Aristotle, did not lack humanity?

A) Asians
B) Free male Athenians
C) Free female Athenians
D) Scots

Question 36

Zusya was a Hasidic rabbi.

Question 37

Aristotle wrote about money.

Question 38

Aristotle's ethics is built of the concept of a hierarchy of

A) souls
B) goods
C) rights
D) duties

Question 39

For Aristotle, happiness is a quality of life

A) for the here and now
B) for the hereafter
C) unattainable by Greeks
D) unattainable by anyone

Question 40

The Final Cause is the form that the thing takes.

Question 41

What did Plato believe was the highest form of being?

A) The Good
B) The True
C) The Right
D) The Beautiful

Question 42

Aristotle based his moral philosophy on

A) religion
B) tolerance
C) moderation
D) pleasure

Question 43

What did Aristotle believe that every art aimed at?

A) Truth
B) Beauty
C) Rightness
D) Some good

Question 44

The good life, for Aristotle, is

A) static
B) a process
C) only for women
D) only for cattle

Question 45

Sophrosyne is

A) wisdom as moderation
B) unhealthy excess
C) excessive greed
D) wisdom about religion

Question 46

For Aristotle, moral virtue was characterized as

A) deliberate
B) a mean
C) excess
D) involuntary

Question 47

How does Aristotle's epistemology differ from that of Plato? Which do you believe is the most accurate and why? Why do you believe that Aristotle rejected Plato's account?

Question 48

Aristotle held, with Solon, that events that occur after a person's death might be said to affect his happiness in life. Do you believe that this view is correct? Why or why not? Given Aristotle's account of happiness, why might this be a strange view for him to adopt? How might he reconcile it with his position?

Question 49

Who wrote that "use almost can change the stamp of nature"?

A) Cicero
B) Plato
C) More
D) Shakespeare

Question 50

The highest happiness, for Aristotle, comes from a life of

A) inactivity
B) reason
C) sports
D) religious devotion

Question 51

What are moral virtues, according to Aristotle?

A) Habits
B) Decisions
C) Inborn
D) Spasms

Question 52

Eudaimonia is often translated as

A) Righteousness
B) Happiness
C) Dutifulness
D) Boastfulness

Question 53

Do you believe that Aristotle has developed an account of ethics that is entirely free from cultural relativism or not? Explain your answer, taking care to provide both  an account of Aristotle's views and a definition of cultural relativism.

Question 54

The excess of which cowardice represents the deficiency is

A) gluttony
B) foolhardiness
C) vanity
D) wildness

Question 55

Aristotle's conception of virtue is

A) Platonic
B) Epicurean
C) deontological
D) teleological

Question 56

Do you agree with Aristotle's view of happiness? Why or why not? Explain your answer and take care to address Aristotle's own account as you do so.

Question 57

Do you believe that a person could be made good through habituation? If not, why not? If so, what implications might this have for public education? Explain your answer.

Question 58

Who held that a person's own manners might be his punishment?

A) Plato
B) Cicero
C) Shakespeare
D) More

Question 59

What is the good to which all humans aspire, according to Aristotle?

A) virtue
B) pleasure
C) happiness
D) love

Question 60

For whom is a life devoted to pleasure fit, according to Aristotle?

A) Free Athenians
B) Women
C) Philosophers
D) Cattle

Question 61

What are Aristotle's Four Causes, and how are they related to each other? Do you believe that this is a correct view of causation or not? Justify your answer in each case.

Question 62

Do you believe that Aristotle provides room for the possibility that persons' characters might change over the course of their lives? Explain your answer by reference to Aristotle's writings, as quoted in this text. What implications might this issue have for the criminal justice system?

Question 63

Do you believe that a naturalistic approach to understanding human nature is a fully satisfactory one, or do you believe that it will omit important aspects of the human experience? Explain your answer.