Deck 3: The Sophist: Protagoras

Question 1

​ If its starting point is flawed, the most tightly reasoned argument will be flawed.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

​Rhetoric is persuasive speaking.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Athens was a democratic state.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

​ The original Sophists were wandering teachers.

Question 5

​We get the word "sophisticated" from the period of the Sophists.

Question 6

​ The Sophists taught that power was the ultimate value.

Question 7

"Ethnocentrism" is from Greek roots meaning "the race at the center."

Question 8

The Greek word for wise led to the term "sophos."

Question 9

​The Sophists rejected relativism.

Question 10

The ethnocentric person believes that he or she does not have an accent.

Question 11

The Ethiopians say that their gods are blue-eyed with red hair.

Question 12

Plato held that the "poisoned loans" of moneymakers were one of the causes of increasing numbers of beggars.

Question 13

The "bar-bar" noise made in certain non-Greek dialects led Greeks to call those who made it "sheep."

Question 14

​ The sophists taught that truth is a matter of appearance.

Question 15

​ The original Sophists refused payment for their teaching.

Question 16

​ The Sophists threatened the elite of Athens.

Question 17

​The Sophists only knew of their own culture.

Question 18

​The sophos had followers and disciples.

Question 19

In ancient Athens citizenship was open to all.

Question 20

In the fifth century B.C.E. in Athens teachers of rhetoric were paid.

Question 21

​The Sophists believed that power was subservient to the truth.

Question 22

​Protagoras never lived in Athens.

Question 23

Gyges was from

A) Corinth
B) Rome
C) Athens
D) Lydia

Question 24

The view that "might makes right" is an expression of

A) Moral relativism
B) Subjectivism
C) Moral realism
D) Egoism

Question 25

"Pragmatism" is from the Greek word for

A) Politics
B) Deed
C) Truth
D) Virtue

Question 26

According to William G. McAdoo, who is it impossible to defeat in argument?

A) A sophist
B) An intelligent man
C) A philosopher
D) An ignorant man

Question 27

The view that all morality reduces to self-interest is

A) utilitarianism
B) deontology
C) egoism
D) relativism

Question 28

Which ancient Greek philosopher held that by nature the strong dominate the weak?

A) Socrates
B) Cicero
C) Callicles
D) Epicurus

Question 29

​A cultural relativist holds that values reflect a divine order.

Question 30

Who was perhaps the greatest Sophist?

A) Aristotle
B) Gyges
C) Democritus
D) Protagoras

Question 31

​Hospers is an ethical relativist.

Question 32

Who was the first great Western philosopher?

A) Gyges
B) Aristotle
C) Epicurus
D) Socrates

Question 33

The U.S. Constitution places emphasis on

A) Pleasure
B) Property
C) Propriety
D) Practicality

Question 34

​Relativism is a type of subjectivism.

Question 35

​The term "pragmatism" is from the Greek for "politics."

Question 36

​ Plato held that Socrates was a paid hunter after the young and the wealthy.

Question 37

​Immigrants were attracted to ancient Athens because of its reputation

A) ​as a trading center.
B) ​for chauvinism.
C) ​for being welcoming to women.
D) ​as a tolerant city.

Question 38

​Plato named a dialogue after Protagoras.

Question 39

​Socrates believed that it was always dishonorable to accept payment for teaching.

Question 40

​ There are two basic variants of relativism.

Question 41

​What is the name for the view that we can only know our own sensations?

A) ​Sensationalism
B) ​Subjectivism
C) ​Egoism
D) ​Sophistry

Question 42

Do you believe that philosophers should charge for their services? How would they go about this? Does your answer presuppose anything about the value of philosophy? From where might value of any discipline come from?

Question 43

​Egoism is often associated with

A) ​moral skepticism
B) ​moral realism
C) ​pluralism
D) ​the Sophists

Question 44

Do you believe that people should be required to pay for their education, or should education be free to all who can benefit? Argue for your view.

Question 45

Do you believe that the Sophists played a useful role or not? Explain your answer. Do you think that they are any modern equivalents of the Sophists in contemporary society? Do they play a useful role or not? Do your answers to these questions differ and if so, why?

Question 46

​How did Socrates view his interactions with Sophists?

A) ​as contests
B) ​as warfare
C) ​as discussions
D) ​as procrastination

Question 47

​What is Protagoras's view of wisdom, according to Plato?

A) ​Wisdom is what works.
B) ​Wisdom is what the powerful have.
C) ​Wisdom is justifed true belief.
D) ​Wisdom is truth.

Question 48

​Who believed that all opinions were true?

A) ​Socrates
B) ​Aristotle
C) ​Protagoras
D) ​Plato

Question 49

Why should you be moral? If you had a ring of invisibility, what would restrain you for using it for your own selfish ends? Should you restrain yourself from using it for your own selfish ends? Why?

Question 50

​All arguments consist of

A) ​a logical structure and the truth (or falsity) of their premises.
B) ​a logical structure and sound premises.
C) ​sound premises and valid reasoning.
D) ​a logical structure and valid reasoning.

Question 51

​According to Jules Henry, what did the ancients of our culture seek?

A) ​Clarity
B) ​Power
C) ​Peace
D) Truth

Question 52

​How did Protagoras die?

A) ​By overeating.
B) ​In a bar room brawl.
C) ​Through execution.
D) ​By drowning.

Question 53

​The Sophists made Athenian education

A) ​more democratic.
B) ​less democratic.
C) ​more aristocratic.
D) less intellectual.

Question 54

​What, according to the Sophists, does everyone seek?

A) ​power
B) ​wealth
C) ​wisdom
D) ​trade

Question 55

​Who said that the Sophist makes money from unreal wisdom?

A) ​Aristotle
B) ​Socrates
C) ​Protagoras
D) ​Callicles

Question 56

​What is man the measure of, according to Protagoras?

A) ​All things
B) ​Nothing
C) ​Himself alone
D) ​Morality only

Question 57

​Where was Protagoras from?

A) ​Abdera
B) ​Athens
C) ​Cartharge
D) ​Lydia

Question 58

​The Sophists can be thought of as the first

A) ​social scientists
B) ​objectivists
C) ​academics
D) ​teachers

Question 59

​What did Socrates term persons who sold their wisdom for money?

A) ​Furies of Hades
B) ​Harbingers of doom
C) ​Corrupters of the youth
D) ​Prostitutes of wisdom

Question 60

Do you believe that analytic discourse is the only path to wisdom? Explain your answer, drawing on the first three chapters of this text.

Question 61

​Do you think that we are ever justified in imposing standards upon other people? If so, under what conditions? If not, why not? In each case you should argue for your view.

Question 62

​Do you believe that it is impossible to form a culture-free belief? Why do you think as you do?

Question 63

​Do you believe that morality is relative or not? You should explain precisely what your view is and then argue for it.