Deck 7: Ingredients of Plastics

Question 1

This figure shows ____, a type of glass used for reinforcement. 

A) rovings
B) chopped fibers
C) yarns
D) twisted rovings

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The breaking of chemical bonds by ____ is the cause for degradation of plastics.

A) pyrolysis
B) oxidation
C) hydrolysis
D) destabilization

Answer 2

B

Question 3

An important primary antioxidant is ____.    

A) polyethylene
B) thioester
C) phosphite
D) phenolic

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which coloring additive provides the most brilliant opaque color?

A) inorganic pigments
B) dyes
C) organic pigments
D) special-effect pigments

Question 5

Lubricants in plastics production are used for reducing friction and ____.  

A) adding tensile strength
B) aiding emulsification
C) reducing heat
D) adding flexibility

Question 6

This figure shows that ____ arrangement of fibers provides the highest strength.

A) pseudo-isotropic
B) bidirectional
C) random
D) anisotropic

Question 7

Plasticizer leaching or loss is an important consideration in terms of ____.

A) increasing opacity
B) resistance to insects
C) contact with food
D) compatibility with resins

Question 8

Interior automotive parts require ____ to provide resistance to high temperatures and intense sunlight.

A) flame retardants
B) heat stabilizers
C) antioxidants
D) plasticizers

Question 9

The best choice for coloring a totally transparent product is a(n) ____. 

A) dye
B) organic pigment
C) in organic pigment
D) special-effect pigment

Question 10

Ingredients that are added to resins and polymers to improve physical properties of the composite are most accurately known as ____.     

A) lubricants
B) plasticizers
C) additives
D) reinforcements

Question 11

In the past, heat stabilizers were compounds based on ____ and cadmium but these metals posed environmental and health concerns. 

A) silver
B) nickel
C) mercury
D) lead

Question 12

In 1977, tris-BP (tris(2, 3, dibromopropyl) phosphate), which was used as a flame retardant in sleepwear for children, was found to cause mutations and was listed as a probable _____.

A) human reproductive toxicant
B) neurotoxicant
C) carcinogen
D) renal toxicant

Question 13

One of the most important reinforcing materials is _____ which has allowed many parts previously made from metals have been replaced with plastics.  

A) carbonaceous materials
B) polymer fibers
C) inorganic fibers
D) fibrous glass

Question 14

Why are nucleating agents added to a polymer?

A) to increase its crystallinity
B) to reduce acidity
C) to improve flexibility
D) to lower its melting point

Question 15

Which plastics product has poor thermal stability and has been the focus of most heat stabilizers ?

A) ABS
B) epoxy
C) PVC
D) polypropylene

Question 16

When a filler is submicron in size, it is termed ____.

A) a nanocomposite
B) isotropic
C) inert
D) anisotropic

Question 17

Reinforcements that consist of unidirectional fibers are called ____.  

A) lamina
B) thermoplastic
C) fibrous
D) interfacing

Question 18

Foaming agents are used widely in the manufacture of ____.   

A) rigid dashboards
B) skylights
C) tool dies
D) seat cushions

Question 19

W hat are additives that retard the decomposition of a polymer caused by heat, light energy, oxidation, or mechanical shear called?

A) heat stabilizers
B) catalysts
C) blowing agents
D) char barriers

Question 20

When chemical, electrical, or light energy excites electrons, the radiation of light is called ____.

A) phosphorescence
B) luminescence
C) iridescence
D) fluorescence