Deck 5: The Jail Detention and Short Term Confinement

Question 1

In the colonial era, instead of cells, inmate housing took the form of:

A)large dormitories.
B)private homes.
C)small rooms.
D)no inside shelters.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

While jails in some states hold persons for only a few hours, most jails can detain people for _____ hours or longer.

A)8
B)12
C)48
D)72

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Police lockups can hold people for:

A)96 hours.
B)less than 48 hours.
C)1 week.
D)72 hours.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which colony became the model for jails?

A)Georgia
B)Maryland
C)Pennsylvania
D)Virginia

Question 5

The number of juveniles held in jails has declined primarily because of the _________________, which grants federal money to cities and states that agree not to confine juveniles in jail.

A)Violence Against Women Act
B)Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act
C)Juvenile Restorative Justice Act
D)Juvenile Justice Reentry Reformation Act

Question 6

Despite the increase in incarcerated female offenders, nearly _____ out of 10 jail inmates are adult males.

A)9
B)6
C)5
D)4

Question 7

Linear/intermittent surveillance is a characteristic of:

A)second-generation jail.
B)new-generation jail.
C)first-generation jail.
D)privatization.

Question 8

The first state to establish a jail was:

A)Virginia.
B)Maryland.
C)New York.
D)Georgia.

Question 9

The contemporary jail is usually under the authority of the:

A)mayor.
B)warden.
C)local council.
D)sheriff.

Question 10

The initial step when admitted to jail is:

A)receiving housing assignment.
B)classification.
C)booking.
D)risk assessment.

Question 11

The alternatives to local control of jails are:

A)state-run jails.
B)regional arrangements.
C)state-subsidized programs.
D)all of these choices.

Question 12

John Irwin refers to disorderly and disorganized jail inmates as:

A)rabble.
B)incivilities.
C)perceived risks.
D)hoopies.

Question 13

Blacks are approximately ___ times more likely than Hispanics and ___ times more likely than whites to be in jail.

A)2, 3
B)3, 5
C)3, 10
D)5, 15

Question 14

The number of elderly jail inmates during the last decade has:

A)decreased.
B)remained the same.
C)tripled.
D)doubled.

Question 15

The jail system originated in:

A)France.
B)Germany.
C)Russia.
D)England.

Question 16

What level of institution touches the lives of more individuals than any other penal institution?

A)jail
B)prison
C)halfway house
D)day reporting center

Question 17

Today, most jails have approximately ___ beds.

A)1 to 49
B)50 to 249
C)250 to 999
D)more than 1,000

Question 18

During the past decade, jail populations saw a steady increase. In the last few years the trend has:

A)stabilized and then depicted an increase again.
B)remained static.
C)stabilized and even decreased.
D)doubled.

Question 19

Largely due to increased security risks, the number of juveniles held in adult jails has:

A)increased.
B)decreased.
C)doubled.
D)remained the same.

Question 20

The social class overrepresented in the nation's jails is the:

A)wealthy.
B)middle class.
C)upper middle class.
D)poor.

Question 21

In recent years, seven states have enacted legislation that transfer control of local jails to:

A)state government.
B)federal government.
C)local police agencies.
D)state police agencies.

Question 22

At the beginning of the 19th century, children, debtors, slaves, the mentally ill, and the physically ill were housed in jails, but as the century progressed, children and the mentally ill were more often sent to other institutions.

Question 23

The initial step for offenders in the incarceration process is to be placed in a housing unit.

Question 24

A fee system was also used in the colonies in which inmates were required to pay for their own food and services, including wood and coal for heat.

Question 25

Jail suicide rates are _________ that of the general population.

A)double
B)triple
C)one-fourth
D)half

Question 26

Police lockups can hold persons for periods for up to 72 hours.

Question 27

The concept of the English jail was brought to Britain's colonies in North America soon after the settlers arrived from the Old World.

Question 28

Detox and suicide prevention are problems to be identified as part of the classification process.

Question 29

It is difficult for small jails to develop a variety of programs because they lack:

A)space.
B)staff.
C)fiscal resources.
D)all of these choices.

Question 30

In 1773, the Walnut Street Jail was constructed in Philadelphia in which prisoners were employed in hard labor in the institution and released during the day to repair and clean streets and highways.

Question 31

Jails are constitutionally mandated to make available:

A)adequate health care.
B)drug and alcohol treatment programs.
C)jail industries.
D)work release.

Question 32

Jails have even fewer alternatives for dealing with the issue of _______ than prisons.

A)overcrowding
B)privatization
C)costs
D)drugs

Question 33

The indirect or podular/remote surveillance is a characteristic of:

A)second-generation jail.
B)privatization.
C)new-generation jail.
D)first-generation jail.

Question 34

Which jail complies with the Prison Rape Elimination Act in that it establishes a zero-tolerance standard for the incidence of prison rape in U.S. prisons?

A)first-generation jail
B)second-generation jail
C)new-generation jail
D)fourth-generation jail

Question 35

Direct or podular/direct supervision is a characteristic of:

A)first-generation jail.
B)new-generation jail.
C)privatization.
D)second-generation jail.

Question 36

Keeping track of inmates visually within the jail often involves using physiological or behavioral characteristics of the inmate known as ________ technology.

A)DNA analytical
B)ultrasonic
C)webcast
D)biometric

Question 37

Jail officers' lack of knowledge for appropriate intervention strategies poses a problem when dealing with the:

A)funding units.
B)administrators.
C)mentally ill.
D)inmates' visitors.

Question 38

One of the major issues for jail administrators that often involve both inmates and staff, especially in large urban areas, is:

A)work programs.
B)violence.
C)education.
D)privatizing services.

Question 39

Male inmates far outnumber females, though the disparity is narrowing somewhat.

Question 40

Pennsylvania established the first colonial jail, but it was the Virginia jails established by reformer Virginia Dare in the 17th century that later became the model for other states.

Question 41

African American and Hispanic females are less likely to receive jail sentences than are white female inmates.

Question 42

The first colony to institute a jail was _______________.

Question 43

Despite bail reform efforts, the poor are still the group least likely to make bail.

Question 44

Jail officers are adequately trained to deal appropriately with mentally ill prisoners.

Question 45

The weakness of first-generation designed jails is found in the inability of staff to see more than one or two cells at a time.

Question 46

John Irwin refers to disorderly and disorganized jail inmates as "rabble" and contends that the jail was invented and continues to be operated in order to manage society's rabble.

Question 47

Second-generation jails comply with the Prison Rape Elimination Act in that they establish a zero-tolerance standard for the incidence of prison rape in U.S. prisons.

Question 48

After an arrest, an individual is taken to jail to first go through____________________.

Question 49

A major problem of jail administration is that sheriffs are politically accountable to county voters, so jails are one of the most political institutions in adult corrections.

Question 50

The population of elderly jail inmates has more than doubled in size during the past decade.

Question 51

As prisons become more overcrowded, correctional officials use local jails to house inmates when there is no room in state prisons.

Question 52

In New Hampshire and Massachusetts, a ________________ holds convicted misdemeanants and a county jail holds pretrial detainees.

Question 53

Women comprise one-third of all jail employees.

Question 54

Management in first-generation jails assumes that they hold violent inmates who express their rage by victimizing each other, assaulting staff members, destroying property, and attempting to escape.

Question 55

Direct-supervision (DS)jails place the correctional officers' station within the inmates' living area, or pod, which means the officer can see and speak to inmates.

Question 56

First-generation jails are designed to provide indirect or podular/remote surveillance.

Question 57

Biometrics is the use of carpentry skills training for jail inmates in order to increase employment placement upon release.

Question 58

Transportation problems, multijurisdiction funding problems, and turf disputes limit or prohibit the even wider use of regional jails.

Question 59

Jails are constitutionally mandated to make available adequate health care delivery systems.

Question 60

While African Americans and whites make up the great bulk of the jail population, American Indians are held in local jails at the highest rate of any racial group.

Question 61

This act, _______________, is dedicated to collecting national prison rape statistics, data, and conducting research; disseminating information and procedures for combating prison rape; and assisting in funding state programs.

Question 62

If inmates are considered a high risk for suicide, they may be monitored with ___________________, in which inmates are placed in specially equipped cells and in which there is frequent supervision.

Question 63

Name and explain the three alternatives to local control of jails.

Question 64

What are the three different types of local correctional institutions?

Question 65

An ___________________ is an incarceration facility that has a centrally placed, high-strength, mirrored-glass control center with a panoramic view that provides 100 percent surveillance of the entire facility.

Question 66

The number of juveniles held in jails has declined primarily because of the ____________________.

Question 67

Discuss jail populations and why they continue to increase.

Question 68

The new-generation jails are based on the ____________________model.

Question 69

____________________jails provide indirect or podular/remote surveillance.

Question 70

How do regional jails differ from other models?

Question 71

Criminologist John Irwin refers to disorderly and disorganized persons as _______________.

Question 72

____________________ jails provide linear/intermittent surveillance of inmates.

Question 73

Discuss social class and the jail population.

Question 74

In more than 3,000 counties in the United States, the ______________ runs the jail.

Question 75

A new method of tracking inmates by utilizing physiological or behavioral characteristics in a three-step process is known as ____________________ technology.

Question 76

An arrangement when a jurisdiction with an adequate jail is willing to contract with neighboring cities and counties to house prisoners on a per diem basis is known as __________________________.

Question 77

_________________ jails offer many advantages, including effective supervision of inmates, improved communication between staff and inmates, safety of staff and inmates, and improved classification and orientation of inmates.

Question 78

Discuss the historical origins of the jail in what would become the United States.

Question 79

What are the four generations of jail supervision?

Question 80

What occurs during the booking and classification process at a jail?