Deck 11: Voting and Participation

Question 1

A __________ was an election that had rules prohibiting blacks from voting in Democratic primaries.

A) grandfather vote
B) white primary
C) Blue Dog vote
D) closed primary
E) progressive primary

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The arguments against women's suffrage were closely aligned with the _______ model.

A) Jeffersonian
B) Hamiltonian
C) Duverger
D) Washington
E) Locke

Answer 2

B

Question 3

In 1869, the first territory to grant women the right to vote was

A) Alabama.
B) Montana.
C) Tennessee.
D) West Virginia.
E) Wyoming.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

The Constitution spells out in some detail the workings of the __________, which chooses the president.

A) Electoral College
B) Federal Election Commission
C) House of Representatives
D) Senate
E) state legislatures

Question 5

The __________ model of participation holds that more participation yields a more involved and engaged public and that, in turn, produces better outcomes.

A) Australian
B) British
C) Hamiltonian
D) Jacksonian
E) Jeffersonian

Question 6

During the country's earliest years, voters were mostly made up of

A) the public.
B) elite white men and women.
C) elected officials.
D) southern property owners.
E) white male war veterans.

Question 7

Which amendment extended voting rights to African American males?

A) Thirteenth Amendment
B) Fourteenth Amendment
C) Fifteenth Amendment
D) Nineteenth Amendment
E) Twenty-First Amendment

Question 8

When Susan B. Anthony was arrested, she claimed that the Fourteenth Amendment gave her the right to

A) petition.
B) religious freedom.
C) free speech.
D) vote.
E) assemble.

Question 9

The __________ model of participation sees risks in greater participation and, thus, favors a larger role for elites.

A) Australian
B) British
C) Hamiltonian
D) Jacksonian
E) Jeffersonian

Question 10

Tests that required potential voters to prove they could read were called

A) reading tests.
B) poll tests.
C) citizenship tests.
D) literacy tests.
E) grandfather tests.

Question 11

In 1944, the U.S. Supreme Court, in __________, ruled a primary in which only white people can vote as unconstitutional.

A) Dred Scott v. Sandford
B) Gideon v. Wainwright
C) Smith v. Allwright
D) United States v. Ryan
E) United States v. Stanley

Question 12

Regarding voting and turnout, the immediate impact of women achieving suffrage was ________, while the modern trend is ________.

A) decreased turnout; even lower turnout for everyone
B) lower overall turnout; women have higher turnout than men
C) higher overall turnout; overall nonparticipation
D) higher overall turnout; equal turnout among men and women
E) decreased overall turnout; equal turnout among men and women

Question 13

During the rise of Jacksonian democracy in the 1820s, __________ was expanded significantly.

A) the franchise
B) balanced representation
C) immigration
D) nonpartisanship
E) civil rights

Question 14

The _____ granted women the right to vote.

A) Thirteenth Amendment
B) Fourteenth Amendment
C) Fifteenth Amendment
D) Nineteenth Amendment
E) Twenty-First Amendment

Question 15

The right to vote is referred to as __________ and is also called franchise.

A) participation
B) efficacy
C) filibuster
D) suffrage
E) turnout

Question 16

In order to prevent literacy tests from discouraging white voters, an exemption known as the ________ was put in place.

A) grandfather clause
B) white primary
C) closed primary
D) incorporation clause
E) suffrage movement

Question 17

As Article I, Section 4, of the Constitution states, "The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed

A) by Congress."
B) by the president of the United States."
C) by the people of each respective state."
D) in each State by the Executive thereof."
E) in each State by the Legislature thereof."

Question 18

The share of all eligible voters who actually can cast ballots is known as

A) literates.
B) primary voters.
C) turnout.
D) secondary voters.
E) voter pool.

Question 19

What era is associated with a series of laws passed by Southern legislators that were intended to enforce strict segregation of the races?

A) Jim Crow
B) Joseph Rainey
C) Antebellum
D) Ku Klux Klan
E) Progressive

Question 20

Citizens of ____________ did not receive the right to vote until 1961.

A) Puerto Rico
B) the  District of Columbia
C) Alaska
D) Delaware
E) Wyoming

Question 21

Low voter turnout among young voters, in contrast to higher voter turnout among older Americans, means that elected officials

A) give more attention to issues affecting senior citizens.
B) are unconcerned with the youth demographic.
C) give more attention to issues affecting younger voters.
D) actively discourage this voting demographic.
E) actively discourage senior citizens.

Question 22

The gender gap in American politics refers to

A) the idea that women are concerned about gun rights, not gun ownership.
B) the wage gap between female politicians and male politicians.
C) the tendency of women to support Democrats over Republicans.
D) the idea that female candidates are less appealing overall than male candidates.
E) the tendency of women to vote in greater numbers than men.

Question 23

In 1964, public support helped give Congress the impetus to pass the __________ Act, which protected voting rights and put severe restrictions on the administration of literacy tests.

A) Civil Rights
B) Equal Voting
C) Sedition
D) Literacy
E) Motor Voter

Question 24

The greatest predictor of whether or not a person will vote is his or her

A) age.
B) race.
C) gender.
D) level of education. 
E) political ideology.

Question 25

The __________ model views voting as a product of citizens' attitudes about the political system.

A) economic
B) institutional
C) Jacksonian
D) Jeffersonian
E) psychological

Question 26

__________ is the belief that one's involvement influences the course of government.

A) Apathy
B) Constructivism
C) Efficacy
D) Partisanship
E) Socialization

Question 27

In the __________ model, voting is understood to be shaped by the rules of the system, by political party behavior, by the ways candidates run their campaigns, and by the context of the election.

A) economic
B) institutional
C) Jacksonian
D) Jeffersonian
E) psychological

Question 28

In An Economic Theory of Democracy (1957), Anthony Downs describes ________ voting as a puzzle because voting is not in one's self-interest and the benefits are not clear.

A) compulsory
B) economic
C) psychological
D) gender-based
E) rational

Question 29

What is the relationship between income and voting?

A) The lower one's income, the more likely you are to vote.
B) The lower one's income, the more likely you are to be politically knowledgeable.
C) Income appears to have no effect on voting participation.
D) The higher one's income, the more likely you are to vote.
E) The higher one's income, the less you are expected to vote.

Question 30

Overcoming one of the biggest impediments to Latino voters, Congress extended the Voting Rights Act in 1975 to include

A) literacy tests.
B) noncitizen voting rights.
C) language assistance.
D) descendant clauses.
E) grandfather clauses.

Question 31

To strengthen protections of the franchise, in 1965, Congress passed the __________ Act, which effectively ended literacy tests and other strategies that had discriminated against African Americans at the polls and gave the Justice Department the authority to supervise voter registration in locales that had discriminated.

A) Civil Rights
B) Equal Voting
C) Federal Rights
D) Motor Voter
E) Voting Rights

Question 32

The __________ Amendment, ratified in 1964, banned poll taxes.

A) Thirteenth
B) Sixteenth
C) Nineteenth
D) Twenty-Fourth
E) Twenty-Sixth

Question 33

The__________ model of voting starts with the assumption that all choices involve a calculation about self-interest that balances costs and benefits.

A) institutional
B) economic
C) Jacksonian
D) Jeffersonian
E) psychological

Question 34

Presidential elections are referred to as being high-stimulus events, as opposed to midterm elections, which are known as

A) no-stimulus elections.
B) turnaround elections.
C) low-stimulus elections.
D) closed elections.
E) open elections.

Question 35

The incentive to extend the right to vote to 18-year-olds was sparked by

A) the Civil Rights Act.
B) the Voting Rights Act.
C) the Jim Crow era.
D) the soaring youth population.
E) the Vietnam War.

Question 36

Voter turnout rates peak for those who are ________ years of age.

A) 19
B) 60
C) 32
D) 75
E) 44

Question 37

The primary reason that college-educated people vote is most likely

A) that they learned the importance of voting in class.
B) that they were inspired by professors who voted.
C) that they gained more knowledge about political policy.
D) that they have a greater sense of civic duty.
E) that they were raised in an environment that urged them to vote.

Question 38

Compared to other democracies, voter turnout in the United States is

A) about the same.
B) rising rapidly.
C) extremely high.
D) moderate.
E) low.

Question 39

William Riker and Peter Ordeshook argued that Anthony Downs' theory of economic voting was incomplete because it did not calculate __________ as a benefit of voting.

A) civic duty
B) collective good
C) free rider status
D) popularity
E) utilitarian incentives

Question 40

The practice that requires citizens to vote in elections or face punitive measures such as community service, fines, or imprisonment is called

A) enforced voting.
B) recommended voting.
C) compulsory voting.
D) free-will voting.
E) obfuscated voting.

Question 41

The ________ measurement corrects the rate of participation by accounting for those who are ineligible to vote.

A) declining voter population
B) real-time voting population
C) voting-age population
D) exit poll voting population
E) voting-eligible population

Question 42

Concerning fundraising for presidential campaigns, the 2012 election can be thought of as the year of the

A) uninterested donor.
B) small local donor.
C) small Internet donor.
D) mega-donor.
E) kick-starter campaign.

Question 43

The 1993 law that requires states to allow citizens to register to vote when they apply for or renew their driver's license is commonly known as the

A) Vehicle Voter Law.
B) License Voter Law.
C) Motor Voter Law.
D) Get Out the Vote Law.
E) Common Voter Law.

Question 44

Which of the following is true regarding political participation in the U.S.?

A) The number of people working in a political campaign has decreased dramatically over the past three decades.
B) Less than 9 percent of Americans are involved in political elections in any way.
C) Fewer than 5 percent of Americans contribute money to political campaigns, on average.
D) The number of people working in a political campaign has remained stable for the past three decades.
E) More than 40 percent of Americans regularly contribute money to political campaigns.

Question 45

Which of the following political protests clearly backfired?

A) Boston Tea Party
B) Tea Party movement
C) civil rights protestors seeking end to segregation
D) army veterans seeking early payment of WWI bonuses
E) suffrage movement

Question 46

In the Hill v. Colorado case, the Supreme Court ruled that the Colorado law restricted the __________ Amendment interests of Hill.

A) First
B) Fourth
C) Sixth
D) Ninth
E) Fourteenth

Question 47

The most common form of political participation is

A) voting.
B) blogging.
C) initiating a referendum.
D) the political debate.
E) striking.

Question 48

While voter registration laws reduced voter fraud, they had the unintended consequence of

A) disenfranchising voters.
B) increasing the power of party machines.
C) discouraging candidates.
D) decreasing voter turnout.
E) mobilizing new voters.

Question 49

In the late nineteenth century, the __________ called for a series of reforms to the voting process to end corrupt practices.

A) Democrats
B) Progressives
C) Reconstructionists
D) Reformers
E) Republicans

Question 50

Describe how Latinos have at times been prohibited from voting.

Question 51

The concept of __________ describes a trend in which older voters who pass away are replaced by less reliable young voters.

A) grandfather cycles
B) diminishing returns
C) generational replacement
D) life cycles
E) millennial movement

Question 52

Which term refers to the estimated number of people who are old enough to vote?

A) median age population
B) voting-age population
C) generational replacement
D) voter turnout
E) voting-eligible population

Question 53

The first campaign to successfully use the Internet to raise money was the presidential nomination campaign of

A) Ron Paul.
B) Barack Obama.
C) Howard Dean.
D) John Kerry.
E) John McCain.

Question 54

Describe how the Hamiltonian model of participation views elite political decision making.

Question 55

Abolitionists, women seeking the vote, civil rights activists and the Tea Party all successfully used ________ to draw attention to their cause and bring about change.

A) letter-writing campaigns
B) the ballot box
C) education reforms
D) campaign contributions
E) political protest

Question 56

The practice of using a dead person's name to cast a ballot is known as

A) t he Daley Plan.
B) graveyard voting.
C) retroactive voting.
D) the machine plan.
E) regressive voting.

Question 57

Some states, such as Oregon, have started to make use of a(n) __________ in which voters get ballots in the mail two weeks prior to the election, providing them a chance to research the candidates and cast their ballots.

A) Australian ballot
B) compulsory voting
C) graveyard voting
D) Internet voting system
E) vote-by-mail system

Question 58

Politicians are increasingly using social media such as Twitter to

A) replace the traditional campaign staff.
B) communicate directly with the public.
C) eliminate the need for political advertising.
D) avoid live campaign events.
E) subvert modern media and eschew news coverage.

Question 59

The 2010  Citizens United decision has impacted the political campaign process by

A) allowing corporate entities to directly coordinate candidate or campaign events.
B) opening the door to negative campaigning on a national level.
C) allowing corporate entities to contribute unlimited amounts to support or oppose candidates.
D) closing the door to Super PAC involvement in political campaigns.
E) restricting the contributions of corporate or international donors.

Question 60

List the ways in which African Americans were denied the vote between 1870 and 1965.

Question 61

Provide a detailed explanation of Downs' Economic Model of Voting. Your answer should include a discussion of problems with the model that were addressed by Riker.

Question 62

Discuss how, and how many, Americans are involved in political campaigns.

Question 63

Explain why Progressives advocated for voter registration.

Question 64

Provide a detailed discussion of how suffrage was expanded from the 1790s to 1870. Your answer should include a discussion of which groups gained ground and which groups lost ground during this time period.

Question 65

Describe the institutional model of voting.

Question 66

Describe the economic model of voting.

Question 67

What is protest politics? Provide historic and current examples.

Question 68

Why is the right to protest important for democracy?

Question 69

Explain how the Hamiltonian model held up to scrutiny after being applied to African American participation.

Question 70

Discuss the path that led to women's suffrage.

Question 71

Discuss differences in the ways that various demographic groups have voted.

Question 72

Briefly discuss the reasons why the National Voter Registration Act (Motor Voter law) was enacted.

Question 73

Discuss methods that other democratic countries have employed to increase voter turnout. Explain which methods, if any, could be successful in the United States.

Question 74

Describe the psychological model of voting.

Question 75

Identify the characteristics of individuals who are more likely to vote.

Question 76

Compare and contrast the Hamiltonian model with the Jeffersonian model of participation.

Question 77

Prior to the Nineteenth Amendment, why were women able to vote in some states but not in others?

Question 78

What is the most important influence on voter turnout? Why?

Question 79

Discuss why the voting-eligible population measure is more reliable in calculating the rate of voter participation.

Question 80

Discuss the history of the struggle to obtain suffrage by African Americans.